基于等高线构建TIN模型的平三角形修正算法

设计了一种平三角形修正算法来修正TIN模型中可能出现的平三角形区域。该算法通过对由平三角形组成的区域进行分类,并针对不同的平区域采用交换边、增加点甚至不处理的修正方法,同时对由于等高线数据错误产生的一些特殊情况进行了分析处理。实验结果表明,该算法能够去除约束型狄洛尼三角网中所有应修正的平三角形,并生成对地形描述更为精确的三角网。     

Air flow analysis in the upper Río Negro Valley (Argentina)

The so called Upper Río Negro Valley in Argentina is one of the most important fruit and vegetable production regions of the country. It comprises the lower valleys of the Limay and Neuquén rivers and the upper Negro river valley. Out of the 41,671 cultivated hectares, 84.6% are cultivated with fruit trees, especially apple, pear and stone fruit trees. Late frosts occurring when trees are sensitive to low temperatures have a significant impact on the regional production. This study presents an analysis of air flow characteristics in the Upper Río Negro Valley and its relationship with ambient air flow. To such effect, observations made when synoptic-scale weather patterns were favorable for radiative frosts (light wind and clear sky) or nocturnal temperature inversion in the lower layer were used. In the Negro river valley, both wind channeling and downward horizontal momentum transport from ambient wind were observed; in nighttime, very light wind events occurred, possibly associated with drainage winds from the nearby higher levels of the barda. In the Neuquén river valley, the prevailing effect appeared to be forced channeling, consistent with the results obtained in valleys where the synoptic scale wind crossed the axis of the valley. In the Limay river valley, the flow was observed to blow parallel to the longitudinal valley axis, possibly influenced by pressure gradient and forced channeling.     

规则格网DEM化简的一种改进方法

分析了从较高分辨率DEM化简到较低分辨率DEM的地形简化方法的优缺点,提出了考虑整体地形特征信息的一种改进方法,实现了改进后的方法具有较好的简化效果。     

基于等高线的Multigen Creator地形建模

Multigen Creator具有强大的地物建模功能,但不同领域的建模仍缺乏统一的方法,应结合领域特点与应用需求进行具体方法设计。本文以某露天采石场的3维建模与可视化为例,探讨了基于等高线建立3维地面模型实现可视化的方法,介绍了其在某采石场的应用,模拟开采后的整个生态地貌,为政府决策以及绿色开采提供了有力的技术支持。     

区域重力调查中的中区地形改正方法及精度

在讨论重力中区地改方法的基础上,分别用20m×20m、50m×50m和100m×100m方域计算了北祁连西段1:20万区域重力调查的764个测点的中区地改值,通过移动方域网格进行检查计算,讨论了各算法对地形的模拟程度和地改计算精度.     

Tilt corrections over complex terrain and their implication for CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> transport

Observational data from sonic anemometers are commonly rotated from sonic to streamline coordinates, a procedure that is called tilt correction. Tilt corrections are often used to post-process air velocity data collected from sonic anemometers to allow objective interpretation of air flow data relative to the Earth. Since streamline coordinates depend on dynamical characteristics of the flow, the tilt correction depends not only on temporal and spatial variations of the flow, but also on local circulations. We found that ensemble- averaged slope flows are approximately parallel to the terrain slope close to the ground within the canopy layer, but not above, due to the influence of the diurnal variation of local vertical circulations. As a result, the diurnal variation of the observed vertical velocity in streamline coordinates at 21.5 m above the ground over 11-m tall forest canopies can be opposite to that calculated from the continuity equation. To estimate CO₂ transport over sloping terrain, a workable reference coordinate system is needed such that multiple sonic anemometers have a common reference relative to the Earth. Streamline coordinate systems can be the choice of the common reference coordinate system only if flow, at least ensemble-averaged flow, is parallel to terrain slopes. The choice of the reference coordinate system and its implication in investigation of CO₂ transport are discussed. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.     

基于规则格网数据断面极值法的一种改进方法

在研究基于规则格网数据地形特征提取过程中,主要有断面极值法和流水模拟法.在断面极值法中,针对传统断面极值法生成的特征线存在零碎、并行交叉等缺点,我们改进了传统的局部断面极值法,在特征线连接过程中增加了“将特征点邻域内其它候选特征点设置为已被引用、根据特征线长度与范围阈值筛选特征线“等条件,以克服生成的特征线存在的零碎和并行交叉问题.     

On an Earth ellipsoid best-fitted to the Earth surface

Historically, the mean Earth ellipsoid is obtained by fitting an ellipsoid of revolution to the geoid. Such an ellipsoid, however, does not necessarily best fit the physical surface of the Earth due to the existence of topography outside the geoid. In this paper, we present a purely geometrically defined Earth ellipsoid that best fits the physical surface of the Earth so that the resulting ellipsoidal height attains minimum global mean square value. Using a global digital terrain model and a global geopotential model, the size, shape and position of such an Earth ellipsoid have been numerically estimated. Received: 6 September 1996 / Accepted: 1 April 1998     

利用ARC/INFO进行三维地形模型的建立、处理和动态模拟

介绍了利用 ARC/ INFO建立三维地形模型的方法 ,以及利用其新版本的部分新功能处理三维地形模型、进行动态模拟的方法 ,与以往处理三维模型必须借助外部三维图形开发软件包的方法相比 ,具有高速、灵活、可视性强、支持强大分析功能等优点。形成的三维模型可随时与 ARC/ INFO的其它数据模型交换信息 ,与外部进程实时通讯 ,为使用者提供了二维分析工具所不能提供的信息 ,为开发视景仿真系统等与表面分析、立体显示有关的应用系统提供了强有力的支持。