略论位(重力)基数测量在水利建设中的应用

为改变西部干旱缺水,在西部大开发中,大规模、长尺度地兴修水利,如南水北调,将有必要进行。基于同一个水准面上高程相同的原则,本文强调在上述工程的设计施工时应该使用与位基数意义相同的力高高程。据计算,在纬度差为12°,高差相差的近2500m的同一条测线上,现行的高程与力高高程相差7m之多,这样大的偏差是不能忽略的。文中对高程测量中重力点的布设及重力内插的精度等也提出了新的看法。     

招远上庄金矿床Ⅸ号矿体地质特征及成矿预测

通过生产探矿实践总结出上庄金矿床 号矿体在平面上、剖面上的变化规律及成矿地质特征 ,认为 号矿体主要受上庄 -望儿山断裂带的次级构造控制成矿 ,是由一系列小矿脉组成的矿体群 ;并提出深部找矿方向     

Geochemistry of late metamorphic hydrothermal alteration and graphitisation of host rock, Macraes gold mine, Otago Schist, New Zealand

The Macraes gold deposit in the Otago Schist, New Zealand, formed during late metamorphic fluid flow through a lower greenschist facies shear zone. Mineralisation occurred near to the brittle-ductile transition at about 300 °C. Large volumes of host rock in a shear zone up to 120 m thick have been hydrothermally altered by this fluid activity. Most alteration is not structurally controlled apart from proximity to the shear zone. Ductile and brittle microshears traverse the most mineralised rocks and some structural control of fluid flow occurred as well. Fluid flow was slow, similar to that in metamorphic rocks (mm/year) and diffusion through interconnected fluid was a significant chemical process. Localised extensional hydrofractures (m scale) are filled with mineralised quartz. Most alteration of the host rocks was isochemical with respect to the lithophile elements, and mineralised rocks have been variably enriched in As, Au, Sb, W, Mo and Bi, but not Co or Cd. Addition of sulphur has occurred to both host rocks and mineralised rocks, up to 1 wt.% above a background of 0.1 wt.%. Host rock sulphur is mainly pyritic and is not structurally controlled. Mineralised rocks have pyrite and arsenopyrite along microshears. Pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena have formed from sulphidation of silicates with no addition of metals. Graphite has been added to mineralised rocks along microshears, up to 3 wt.% locally, above a background of 0.1 wt.% noncarbonate carbon. Graphite deposition may have occurred as a result of mixing of two fluids, water+methane, and water+carbon dioxide. Graphitisation and sulphidation reactions released low δD water, which accumulated in the slow-moving mineralising fluid. Distinction between this low δD reaction water and meteoric water incursion is difficult.     

河南省桐柏县银洞坡金矿(西段)构造控矿因素初析

通过对银洞坡的主要控矿因素进行野外调查和分析研究,认为朱庄背斜(形)及其伴生的共轭逆冲剪切带、层间(顺层)剪切带、左行或右行脆性断裂控制了矿床的产出部位,建立了构造控矿模型,对矿体进行了重新对比连接,扩大了矿体规模,使银洞坡金矿金金属量(C D)由30582 kg增加至42527 kg(111b 122b 333).     

西秦岭金矿化带中土壤与岩石实验室光谱相关性研究

通过西秦岭金矿化带中土壤与岩石实验室光谱的相关性分析与研究。探索该区表层壤覆盖条件下应用遥感信息寻找金矿床。研究表明,土壤与岩石两者光谱之间有很高的正相关性,并且在谱形上亦有相似性,使得利用该地区土壤光谱特征从遥感信息中提取出土壤覆盖层下的岩石光谱特征成为可能,为这种遥感技术找矿方法提供依据。     

河南崤山金矿半宽金矿区1号矿脉微量元素统计特征

研究认为,Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、As和Sb是崤山金矿及外围异常检查、深部预测和找矿评价的指示元素。Au、Ag、As和Sb 4个元素是1号矿脉浅部矿体的特征指示元素。矿体浅部矿化样品、矿体中部矿化样品和矿体深部矿化样品的归类十分明确,可用作判断地表矿体的剥蚀程度及地表矿体向下延深情况。     

山东省金矿资源节约与综合利用水平浅析

山东省是我国金矿资源最丰富的省份。山东省金矿资源的节约与综合利用水平,从一定层面上代表了目前国内金矿资源的节约与综合利用水平。该文从"三率"标准、先进适用技术、绿色矿业发展等几个主要方面介绍分析了近年来山东省金矿资源节约与综合利用取得的成效、存在的问题及目前水平,在此基础上提出了进一步加强金矿资源节约与综合利用的几点建议,以推进山东省金矿资源全面节约、高效利用工作。     

青海省祁连县黑刺沟金矿地质特征及找矿前景

黑刺沟金矿区位于托莱山成矿带之中西部,区内NWW,NW,近NE向断裂及次级构造发育;成矿地质背景良好。为查明区内成矿地质条件,扩大找矿前景,采用激电中梯测量与探矿工程相结合的方法,圈定了8条矿化蚀变体13条金矿体,其中⑤号矿体是区内主要矿体,金品位(1.05～3.42)×10~(-6),平均品位1.59×10~(-6)。矿体呈透镜状、脉状,产状与断裂构造蚀变带产状基本一致,含矿岩石为凝灰质碎裂岩、构造角砾岩,围岩为早奥陶世阴沟群片理化凝灰岩、安山质凝灰岩,围岩蚀变主要为硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化、褐铁矿化。该文在阐述黑刺沟金矿床地质特征的基础上,总结了找矿标志和控矿因素,认为找矿潜力较大。     

沂水县前王家庄金矿地质特征及找矿意义

前王家庄金矿是在沂沭断裂带内新发现的金矿床。通过对该金矿成矿地质特征、矿化类型的研究,在总结区内金矿勘查成果的基础上,按矿体产出的构造样式划分为产于韧性剪切带、脆/韧性构造带、碎裂岩带3类金矿赋矿类型,以产于沂水岩群与新太古代花岗岩接触部位的第二期中浅层脆/韧性构造带内的金矿类型为主,并对不同类型的矿化特征进行了较为详细的描述。结合沂沭断裂带内典型矿床特征,探讨了该金矿床的成因,指出了今后的勘查思路,为在汞丹山凸起中部开展金矿勘查提供了新的找矿方向。     

河南省洛宁上宫金矿复杂地层钻探施工技术

河南省洛宁上宫金矿区地质条件复杂,地层破碎,特别是中下部蚀变绿泥石化严重,遇水分散剥落坍塌,易造成下钻困难、埋钻等事故,施工难度大。针对矿区地层特点,从设备材料选型、钻孔结构、钻头选用等方面采取措施,重点应用成膜冲洗液解决蚀变破碎绿泥石化地层孔壁失稳取心钻进困难问题,取得了显著效果,为今后复杂地层施工积累了一定的经验。