Disaster Risk Science Development and Disaster Risk Reduction Using Science and Technology

Based on a series of international conferences for establishing HFA2 framework, this paper analyzed key issues of frontier of disaster risk science, integrated disaster prevention and mitigation strategies and integrated disaster risk governance. The future direction of disaster risk science was comprehensively discussed according to the widely discussed Post 2015 Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA2). It was proposed to deepen the cognition of the complexity of disaster system in terms of recognizing the complexity of disaster system from the interaction among various elements of the system, recognizing the complexity of climate change risk from the regional characteristics and formation mechanism of the global climate change and recognizing the complexity of the catastrophe risk from the regional development levels and patterns. Furthermore, it was suggested to make integrated disaster risk reduction strategies and countermeasures from the perspective of the complexity of the disaster system, including the establishment of regional integrated disaster risk governance framework to face climate change, the establishment of integrated disaster risk governance system in multi-spatial scale, the establishment of disaster risk governance financial system integrating the insurance, bonds and lottery, the establishment of consilience mode in integrated risk governance considering multi-stakeholder and the establishment of modeling and simulation platform integrated disaster risk information services and disaster risk reduction strategies. Finally, it was pointed out that the assessment of disaster risk levels for different regions in multi spatial scale can provide robust scientific support for integrated disaster risk governance of the world and regions, industries and enterprises so as to improve response to global change and guarantee a global and regional sustainable development.     

Earth System Science: Conception and Misconception——To the Third Conference on Earth System Science,Shanghai

Earth system science should not be understood as an all embracing term that combines various disciplines studying the planet Earth. Rather, it is a new approach to consider interaction between its various subsystems, and seeks to integrate various research fields to understand the Earth as a system. Earth system science has developed from global changes studies, then extended into the deep geological past and now is facing a new challenge connecting the surface processes with those in the Earth’s interior.     

基于ArcGIS镶嵌数据集的正射影像数据库构建方法初探

数字正射影像数据具有直观、信息量大、覆盖面广和经济、方便、获取快速等优点,是我国基础地理信息数据库的重要内容。本文讨论了基于ArcGIS镶嵌数据集栅格模型构建数字正射影像数据库的一些基本问题。首先对近年来的影像空间数据库技术进行了梳理,然后基于ArcGIS镶嵌数据集模型提出了数字正射影像数据库构建方法,其中对影像入库涉及的栅格数据存储模型、建库步骤、相关参数等问题进行了分析与探讨。最后,开展了海南省某测区小型正射影像数据库构建试验,通过试验证明了文中方法的可用性与可靠性。     

江苏省市、县级矿产资源规划数据库建设及应用研究

矿产资源规划数据库作为矿产资源规划成果内容的一部分,是矿产资源规划管理工作的基础数据。本文针对江苏省市、县级矿产资源规划数据库建设实际,对数据库建设的方法进行探讨,提出了第二轮矿产资源规划数据库建设中的问题和解决对策,并开展矿产资源规划数据归集与应用研究,可为第三轮矿产资源规划及其他数据库建设提供相关参考。     

全球铜消费格局

本文介绍铜消费市场的发展历程,分析产业结构变化产生的原因,对评价铜矿供应风险的进口集中度指标进行定量分析,对铜矿供应风险展开评述,分析进出口格局中国家和企业的地位,并对未来全球铜消费情况进行展望。     

The emergent network structure of the multilateral environmental agreement system

The conventional piecemeal approach to environmental treaty-making has resulted in a ‘maze’ of international agreements. However, little is known empirically about its overall structure and evolutionary dynamics. This study reveals and characterizes the evolving structure of the web of international environmental treaty law. The structure was approximated using 1001 cross-references among 747 multilateral environmental agreements concluded from 1857 to 2012. Known network analysis measures were used to answer the following questions: has a complex system of international environmental treaty law emerged? If so when, and what does it look like? What are its topological properties? To what extent is the institutional complex fragmented? The network analysis suggested that multilateral environmental agreements have self-organized into an interlocking system with a complex network structure. Furthermore, the system has defragmented as it coevolved with the increasing complexity and interconnectivity of global environmental challenges. This study demonstrates the need to approach multilateral environmental agreements in the context of a complex networked system, and recommends against assuming the overall institutional structure is fragmented. Proposals for global environmental governance reform should pay attention to this network's emergent polycentric order and complexity and to the implications of these features for the functioning of the multilateral environmental agreement system.     

GPS无线电掩星数据处理系统

GPS无线电掩星技术能提供高精度、高分辨率、全球覆盖的地球电离层和中性层大气剖面。它具有全天候、低费用、无系统长期漂移等优点。从1995年4月至1997年3月,首次GPS／MET试验的成功显示了GPS掩星技术对监测全球大气能够发挥重要的作用,从而成为当前空间探测技术的研究热点之一。该文主要叙述了无线电掩星技术的数据处理系统的有关情况,并介绍了美国UCAR的掩星数据处理系统CDAAC的概况,可作为我国开展无线电掩星计划有关工作的借鉴。     

IMU/DGPS数据在1∶50000 DOM生产中的应用

IMU/DGPS(惯导测量仪/差分全球定位系统)技术航测成图法可直接获取外方位元素,缩短航测成图周期,降低航测成本。通过相应的试验及具体生产的实施,阐明利用该技术获取的控制数据进行1∶50000DOM制作的技术流程及作业过程中出现问题的处理方法。     

Local And Global Diffusion Along Resonant Lines in Discrete Quasi-integrable Dynamical Systems

We detect and measure diffusion along resonances in a quasi-integrable symplectic map for different values of the perturbation parameter. As in a previously studied Hamiltonian case (Lega et al., 2003) results agree with the prediction of the Nekhoroshev theorem. Moreover, for values of the perturbation parameter slightly below the critical value of the transition between Nekhoroshev and Chirikov regime we have also found a diffusion of some orbits along macroscopic portions of the phase space. Such a diffusion follows in a spectacular way the peculiar structure of resonant lines.