无面板加筋土路堤变形特征及破坏机理研究

以十房高速公路无面板加筋土路堤为研究对象,结合现场实测数据,采用有限元程序对该类型加筋土路堤的变形破坏特征和破坏模式进行计算分析。在此基础上,对加筋土路堤的加筋刚度、加筋间距进行参数分析。主要结论如下：①加筋土路堤底层填土由于圬工挡墙后部填土厚度较大而出现不均匀沉降,且不同刚度的筋材对其影响不大,施工时需保证圬工挡墙后部填土的压实度。②各层加筋体最大应变值均分布在靠近路堤坡面处,其轴力最大值位于加筋土路堤中下部。③破坏模式为内部破坏,表现为筋材拉断,破坏面靠近加筋土路堤坡面处;圬工挡墙的结构强度和基础稳定性对整个加筋土路堤的稳定性具有重要作用。④随着加筋体轴向刚度的增加和加筋间距的减小,双向位移逐渐减小,而安全系数均相应增大,但加筋体轴向刚度增加到一定程度时,其对加筋土路堤的变形稳定特征影响减弱。研究成果对山区加筋土路堤的设计计算和施工具有一定的理论和借鉴意义。     

台阶式加筋土挡墙的原型试验研究

对一座台阶式钢筋混凝土串联拉筋加筋土挡墙的筋带应力、土侧向压力、土竖向压力及挡墙变形进行了实测和分析, 所得结论可供设计类似支挡结构时参考。     

基于应变能耗储的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震损伤演化研究

结构地震损伤破坏,本质上是地震动输入能量超出结构或构件耗能能力所致。“能量”参数能够综合反映地震动强度、频谱特性以及强震持时对结构破坏的影响,本文基于能量耗散原理建立结构损伤模型,采用有限元软件ABAQUS对3榀单层单跨钢筋混凝土平面框架结构抗震性能进行数值模拟,通过损伤指数量化研究了地震作用下钢筋混凝土框架结构的损伤演化规律。研究表明：基于应变能耗储的结构损伤模型,能够合理有效地反映“位移首超破坏”与“累积损伤破坏”模式,且上、下界收敛;模拟分析得到的滞回曲线和骨架曲线与试验数据吻合较好,数值建模方法适用于以梁、柱构件为主的框架结构抗震性能分析;耗能构件框架梁能够对结构损伤破坏发展和抗震性能劣化起到一定延缓作用,承力构件框架柱的损伤加剧会加速结构抗震性能的劣化;加载幅值较小时,结构依靠混凝土裂缝闭合摩擦消耗能量,“位移首超破坏”所致损伤所占比例较大,随着位移幅值及循环次数的增加,“累积损伤破坏”所致损伤所占比例逐渐增大。     

梁端局部无粘结钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力研究

为进一步研究梁端局部无粘结钢筋混凝土悬臂梁的抗弯承载力,在理论分析的基础上,使用ABAQUS有限元软件对局部无粘结梁与完好梁的承载力进行了仿真对比分析。结果表明,当局部无粘结梁与完好梁的配筋方式及材料力学性能一致、受拉纵筋锚固良好且可进入屈服阶段时,局部无粘结梁与完好梁的应变分布和应力历程有着明显的差异;局部无粘结梁的极限承载力高于完好梁;随着荷载的增加,无粘结梁的承载机理呈现出明显的“拱效应”。通过梁与拱的共同作用,建立了梁端局部无粘结钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算公式。     

Damages on reinforced concrete buildings due to consecutive earthquakes in Van

Consecutive earthquakes occurred on October 23rd, 2011 in Ercis and on November 9th, 2011 in Edremit that are townships located 90 km and 18 km far from Van city in Turkey, respectively. A total of 28,000 buildings were damaged or collapsed in the city center and the surrounding villages after the Ercis earthquake. This number reached 35,000 after the Edremit earthquake. In the area where the earthquakes occurred, almost all the reinforced concrete buildings were affected.This study presents field observations of damages on reinforced concrete buildings due to the consecutive earthquakes that occurred in Van, Turkey. Damages appearing in the buildings may occur due to several reasons such as site effect, poor construction quality, poor concrete strength, poor detailing in beam-column joints, detailing of stronger beam than column, soft stories, weak stories, inadequate reinforcement, short lap splices, incorrect end hook angle, and short columns. Aftershocks also caused progressive damages on the buildings within 17 days after the earthquakes. According to the results of this study, most of the damaged buildings were not designed and constructed according to the Turkish earthquake code, the so-called Specification for Buildings to be built in Seismic Zones.     

Performance of geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments with modular block facing under fire scenarios

This paper investigates the effect of fire on the performance of geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments using experimental tests and finite element analyses. Experimental programs were comprised of a series of tensile strength tests at elevated temperatures and fire resistance tests, which were performed on a physical model. Findings revealed the adverse effect of fire on geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments when fire duration exceeded 60 min. Results show that the depth within the backfill affected by the fire is approximately 50 cm.     

Behavior of Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall With Limited Fill Zone Paramete

Several experiments are carried out to understand the deformation behavior of reinforced soil retaining wall with limited fill zones under vertical surcharge strip loading. Test set-up along with all the instrumentations is developed to carry out the experiments. Panel displacements and strain distribution along geogrid layers are observed. Effectiveness of the reinforced soil wall is also evaluated using a geogrid material. Finite element analysis is carried out using commercial software PLAXIS version 8 for the above problem without and with anchoring of reinforced soil retaining wall in the limited fill zone. The results are compared and reported in this present paper.     

Crushed recycled glass as a filter medium and comparison with silica sand

The objective of this work was to evaluate crushed recycled glass as a medium for rapid filtration. In the first part of this work, physical and hydraulic characteristics of the glass medium were studied. In the second part, pilot scale inline filtration experiments were carried out using raw waters from three different water sources. Two physically identical filter columns were operated in parallel in all the experiments. One filter contained a silica sand medium that is widely used in Turkey, whereas the other filter contained crushed recycled glass. Experiments were repeated five times as follows: (i) Without the use of a coagulant, (ii–iii) with 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L of alum, and (iv–v) with 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L of ferric chloride. Turbidity, particle counts, and head losses were measured and compared as functions of time. The following were observed: (1) Provided that a coagulant was used, the filter containing crushed glass produced effluent turbidities and particle counts similar to those obtained with the sand filter. (2) The crushed glass medium generated both a smaller clean‐bed head loss and smaller clogging head losses than those of the sand filter. It is concluded that crushed glass shows significant promise as an alternative to silica sand in rapid filtration.     

Correlation between seismic parameters of far-fault motions and damage indices of low-rise reinforced concrete frames

The aim of this paper is to present the results of an investigation on the degree of correlation that exists between several available seismic parameters of far-fault ground motions and the structural damage under earthquake in low-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The results show that Velocity Spectrum Intensity is the leading parameter exhibiting the strongest correlation, followed by Housner Intensity and Spectral Acceleration. Interestingly, six of the very commonly used seismic parameters demonstrate poor correlations with the damage of such structures. The results also show the existence of a very weak correlation (far behind many other seismic parameters) between the conventionally used parameter Peak Ground Acceleration and the damage (either expressed through the damage index or the inter storey drift).     

钢筋混凝土框架结构房屋震害预测软件设计思路

为方便、快捷地开展钢筋混凝土框架结构房屋单体震害预测，应用Fortran程序语言，对以薄弱楼层层间屈服强度系数作为判定指标的震害预测方法编写了钢筋混凝土框架结构房屋震害预测计算程序，并采用Visual Basic 6．0语言设计了用户界面。