Homogénéisation et validation des corrections de terrain gravimétriques jusqu'à la distance de 167 km sur l'ensemble de la FranceUpdating and validating the French gravity terrain corrections out to a distance of 167 km

For regional and national study purposes, there is a high need for updating the terrain corrections (TC) in the French gravity database. We have recomputed the TC for all the French gravity stations from 50 m out to a distance of 167 km. We compute the TC with a flat-top-prism algorithm and three DEM with grid spacing of 50, 250 and 1000 m, used in the zones 53 m/3 km, 3 km/10 km et 10 km/167 km, respectively. Analysing the DEM/station Δz and comparing our results to the ones previously obtained in the Alps area, we estimate the accuracy of our TC to be better than 1 mGal. To cite this article: G. Martelet et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 449–454.     

生产有保障、成本有优势、项目管理有水平倬方岩土钻探生产能力探索

面对勘探任务,做到生产有保障、成本有优势、项目管理有水平是每个生产企业的发展目标。本文结合从事勘探劳务生产的倬方岩土公司对钻探生产能力的建设,从钻探队伍建设、成本降低、管理水平提高等方面所做的一些工作和探索进行一些分析和论述。     

中国海相油气田勘探实例之十一 四川盆地五百梯石炭系气田的勘探与发现

五百梯石炭系气田位于重庆市开县和四川省开江县境内,是一个具有统一气水界面的大型整装气田。气田发现于1989年,探明地质储量为539.88×108m3(1993年)。石炭系气藏的气体来源于下伏志留系,为低含硫低含二氧化碳的优质干气。储层沉积相主要为海湾浅滩微相,有形成粒屑白云岩的有利条件,沉积物间歇性暴露水面,后生成岩变化作用彻底,溶孔发育。气田构造处于四川盆地开江古隆起东侧斜坡带,遭受剥蚀程度的不均匀性使局部区域石炭系缺失,由此形成大型构造-地层复合圈闭。论述了气田勘探和发现的历程及石炭系气藏的主要地质特征,总结了取得勘探突破的实践与认识。     

云南保山西邑铅锌矿找矿潜力分析

位于全国首批47个国家整装勘查区之一的西邑铅锌矿,是近年来通过理论创新,实现深部隐伏铅锌矿体找矿突破的典型矿床.理论指导找矿,收集区域及矿产资料,以地质为主导,结合地、物、化、遥等资料,开展大比例尺地质填图、化探工作缩小工作靶区.结合多方法物探手段,布置钻探工程,取得找矿突破,总结了本区一些有效的找矿方法组合,为外围找矿指明了方向.     

Fluid inclusions in hydrothermal ore deposits

The principal aim of this paper is to consider some of the special problems involved in the study of fluid inclusions in ore deposits and review the methodologies and tools developed to address these issues. The general properties of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal ore-forming systems are considered and the interpretation of these data in terms of fluid evolution processes is discussed. A summary of fluid inclusion data from a variety of hydrothermal deposit types is presented to illustrate some of the methodologies described and to emphasise the important role which fluid inclusion investigations can play, both with respect to understanding deposit genesis and in mineral exploration. The paper concludes with a look to the future and addresses the question of where fluid inclusion studies of hydrothermal ore deposits may be heading in the new millenium.     

铀矿床勘探剖面数据库设计

本文介绍了该子数据库的整个设计过程，对剖面图中的数据内容、数据分类和数据之间的联系了详细分析，并给出了适用于关系型数据库管理系统的勘探剖面数据库文件结构。     

Detection of concealed Cu–Zn massive sulfide mineralization below eolian sand and a calcrete cover in the eastern part of the Namaqua Metamorphic Province, South Africa

The regolith studied here is located at the defunct Areachap mine and the newly discovered Kantienpan Cu–Zn volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposit, located in the Areachap Group of the eastern part of Mesoproterozoic Namaqua Metamorphic Province. This area is highly prospective for further VHMS discoveries. Paleo and recent weathering of the upper most parts of massive sulfide deposits led to the formation of a gossan zone. Due to semi-arid climatic conditions during the late Cretaceous, affecting the African Land surface, the lowermost units of the Kalahari Group and the underlying floor rocks were calcretized. An approximately 6 m thick calcrete layer formed above the gossan zone and this was later covered by eolian Kalahari sand. Samples were collected from the eolian sand cover in the study areas to determine the best analytical method that would enable recognition of the concealed ore deposits and detect the widest secondary dispersion halo.Mobile metal ions from the finest fraction of the eolian sand samples (< 75 μm) were extracted with a NH₄EDTA (EDTA) solution. The solution was analysed for Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The same grainsize fraction of the original samples was also analysed for comparison purposes by means of X-ray fluorescence (XRF).Results indicate that the ore zone in both areas may be recognized by both partial and total analyses of the eolian sand samples collected, although the calcrete layer, below the sand cover, acts as a partial geochemical barrier. The recognition of the ore zone depends on the regolith forming processes and the thickness of the eolian sand cover. In the Areachap area, with a relatively thick sand cover (in excess of 1 m) above the calcrete layer, the detectable geochemical halo is related to the distribution of the mobile metal ions, and partial extraction (EDTA solution) results define a larger dispersion halo than that, that could be detected by total analysis (XRF). Whereas, in the Kantienpan area with a very thin sand cover (< 50 cm) dispersion appears to be related more to the secondary redistribution of gossaniferous clasts released by recent weathering out of the calcrete, than to dispersion of mobile metal ions on the surface of sand particles. In this area, the XRF results reveal a wider dispersion of the elements of interest.     

中国海相油气田勘探实例之七塔里木盆地和田河气田的勘探与发现

和田河气田位于新疆塔里木盆地中央隆起巴楚凸起南缘的玛扎塔格构造带,含气面积143.45km2。气田发现于1997年9月,是塔里木盆地已探明的最大的古生界海相碳酸盐岩气田,1998年探明天然气地质储量616.94×108m3。气田由七个气藏构成,气源为寒武系海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩形成的古油藏油裂解气和过成熟干酪根裂解气的混合气,主力产气层为奥陶系碳酸盐岩潜山以及石炭系海相碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩,它们与各自上覆的石炭系不同泥岩段构成良好的区域性和区带性储盖组合。论述了气田的勘探和发现历程、气藏的主要地质特征,总结了应用油气晚期成藏理论取得油气突破的勘探实践与认识启示。     

微波雷达在嫦娥探月工程中的应用

微波穿透雷达对月球的观测方式可以分为地基、星载环绕、星地联合以及就位探测等。对比其他探测手段,微波雷达在探测范围和空间分辨率上有很明显的优势,因此在月球和其他行星探测中起着重要的作用。国内外越来越多的深空探测任务已经或准备携带微波雷达,用于探索地外天体的浅表层地质结构,以了解行星地质过程和演化历史。本文综述了我国嫦娥三号和四号月球车玉兔号和玉兔2号在就位微波雷达(测月雷达)探测月球浅表层地质结构方面所取得的新进展,重点阐述了测月雷达在揭示月壤内部的精细结构、表层与次表层地质结构探测等方面的应用。最后,展望了我国月球微波雷达的发展趋势。     

气象条件对膨胀土力学参数的影响

由气象条件对膨胀土力学性质影响的分析,总结出土体气候影响带内土体力学性质基本变化规律。还对季节因素对工程地质勘察中力学参数选用的影响进行初步分析,提出相应解决方法。