作为赋存于花岗岩中钨锡矿化勘探指南的流体包裹体异常——前景展望

Studies of the distribution and abundance of fluid inclusions in granitic quartz associated with granite-hosted Sn-W mineralization of the British Isles reveal local and regional scale anomalies.At a sampling interval of c.5～50m,inclusion abundances increase towards zones of vein and stockwork mineralization exemplified by case history examples from exploration prospects in the Mourne Mountains of Northern Ireland and the Carrock Fell mining district of northwestern England.These steam aureoles provide a greater exploration target than the zone of visible alteration and mineralization and the lithogeochemical halo.But it is important to link them to geochemical data on fluid inclusion compositions,such as the semi-quantitative data from decrepitation-linked,ICP-AES (D-ICP)analysis,to optimize their exploration potential.Regional scale fluid inclusion anomalies,based on sampling intervals of c. 2km from the Sn-W mineralized granites of southwest England also broadly correlate with zones of intense mineralization in some areas. Regional-scale D-ICP analyses of quartz from SW England granites did not provide any convincing regional scale anomalies linked to mineralization except for positive boron anomalies around the centrally-mineralized Birch Tor area of the Dartmoor granite.Follow-up D-ICP analysis of quartz from stream sediments from this area,however,could be used to discriminate between samples related to mineralization from those draining unmineralized areas,using multivariate statistical analysis.At the present stage of development, the main contribution of fluid inclusion studies to mineral exploration is mostly limited to the conceptual stage where they continue to contribute to ore genetic theory and models.Costs and lack of knowledge transfer between research scientists and mineral explorationists limit their direct use during regional and target selection stages of exploration.Analysis of steam sediment quartz,using the more sensitive ICP-MS technique as a variant of the D-ICP method,appears to offer the greatest potential for future development as an exploration tool.     

爆裂法作为快速测定流体包裹体中二氧化碳（和其它气体）含量的手段及其在勘探中的使用：以中国山东和河北省金矿为例

The acoustic decrepitation method heats a small monomineralic sample and counts pressure impulses as the inclusions burst when they develop high internal pressures.For aqueous fluids,the decrepitation temperature is correlated with the homogenisation temperature,but gas rich fluids give a distinct and characteristic low temperature decrepitation peak which can be used to recognize gas rich fluid inclusions.This information is useful in exploration for Au deposits,which are frequently associated with CO_2 rich and sometimes CH_4 rich fluids. This distinctive decrepitation occurs because the CO_2 rich inclusion fluids expand according to the gas law and develop internal pressures high enough to burst the host mineral grain at temperatures well below their homogenisation temperatures.In contrast,aqueous fluids condense to a liquid and vapour phase during post-entrapment cooling.Upon subsequent heating their internal pressures do not increase significantly until after homogenisation to a single phase occurs and hence they do not decrepitate"prematurely"as gas rich inclusions do. This behaviour is usually regarded as an annoyance in conventional microthermometric homogenisation studies,but can readily be used as an exploration aid to find mineralisation deposited from such gas rich fluids.Decrepitation results on samples from Cowra Ck, NSW,Australia,which have also been microthermometrically measured for CO_2 content,show that amounts of less than 5 mole % CO_2 are easily distinguished by decrepitation and amounts as low as 1 mole % CO_2 may be determinable. Examples of the use of acoustic decrepitation in the study of 6 gold mines in the Shandong and Hebei provinces of China are discussed.     

云南茶树林铅锌矿电磁波找矿效果

茶树林铅锌矿，过去认为震旦系赋矿，钻探验证未见矿。本次利用物探方法实施深部探矿。依据物探异常，结合地质规律综合分析，认为是构造控矿。布置验证坑道，沿断裂破碎带发现新的厚大、品位高铅锌矿体，收到良好的找矿效果。     

江苏下扬子区中—古生界的成藏条件及勘探思路

江苏下扬子区的海相中－古生界构造演化经历了前扬子板块、稳定地台和西太平洋活动陆缘等三大阶段。油气地质条件具有多套烃源岩、两类主要储层、四套区域盖层、多种成藏类型和多期成烃等特征。原始生烃量以下古生界为主,下寒武统和下志留统的生烃量约占总生烃量的６０％￣８０％。该领域的勘探应本着“整体评价、区域展开、重点突破”的原则,做到“六个结合”和“五个转变”,加快勘探节奏,重在发现,坚持以下古生界为主,大中型     

鲁西茌平背斜构造带的演化及其古生界原生油气勘探前景

鲁西茌平背斜构造带被夹持在东侧寿张凹降和西侧监清坳陷的莘县凹陷之间,处于“凹中之隆”的有利勘探位置。该构造带的演化受西侧兰聊断裂活动的严格控制,晚三叠世,该断裂的产生接开背斜带演化的序幕。兰聊断裂的燕山期具右旋平移性质,使区内北北东向次级正断层发育,构造带基本定型。该带是相邻两凹限油气运移的主要指向地区,两凹陷内含下古生界开阔（局限）海相烃源岩和上古生界煤系源岩;带内下古生介顶部风化壳为良好储层;     

湖南宝山铜钼铅锌银多金属矿田围岩蚀变与矿化分带特征

宝山铜钼铅锌银矿田主要由中部、东部、西部和北部４个矿床组成,属岩浆期后高中温含矿热液接触交代矽卡岩型铜钼金属铋矿床、中低温热液充填交代铅锌银矿床。矿田围岩蚀变强烈,并与矿化关系密切,具有以岩体为中心向外呈现明显的围岩蚀变和矿化分带特征,可作为找矿的重要标志。     

Geophysical Model Function for Wind Speed Retrieval from SARAL/AltiKa

With the launch of SARAL/AltiKa altimeter, efforts have been made to develop wind speed retrieval algorithms. Here we present two algorithms for estimating and validating wind speed from AltiKa. The first method is based on a theoretical Geophysical Model Function (GMF) using forward model simulations for Ka band specifications. The second is the model function developed using the matched database of input and output vectors of Normalized Radar Cross Section (NRCS) from AltiKa and wind speed measurements from concurrent Jason-2 altimeters. Since the NRCS depends on both the surface roughness due to surface wind speed and on mean square slope of the surfaces, the significant wave height is used along with wind speed for model development as an proxy variable. Both the theoretical and empirical GMFs are evaluated for retrieval of wind speed from AltiKa and validated with NDBC buoys data. The empirical model provide wind speed retrieval accuracy of 1.4 m/s. The accuracy of wind retrievals from theoretical model is also in the similar range (1.6 m/s), indicating the sound physical basis applicable for the future altimeters with various incidence angles. The retrieved wind speed is applied for various case studies, bringing out all the regional and global features quite well.     

多源信息融合在维西-兰坪矿产勘查中的应用

运用遥感图像处理软件ERDAS中的图像增强方法,分析ETM+遥感数据,提取与金属矿化有关的异常信息,将化探异常图像和遥感信息叠加进行相关异常信息与成矿的关系研究,对本区找矿预测具有较好的指导作用。