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991.
Assessing the Impacts of Eurasian Snow Conditions on Climate Predictability with a Global Climate Model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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CHEN Hong 《大气和海洋科学快报》2010,3(6):336-341
On the basis of two ensemble experiments conducted by a general atmospheric circulation model (Institute of Atmospheric Physics nine-level atmospheric general circulation model coupled with land surface model, hereinafter referred to as IAP9L_CoLM), the impacts of realistic Eurasian snow conditions on summer climate predictability were investigated. The predictive skill of sea level pressures (SLP) and middle and upper tropospheric geopotential heights at mid-high latitudes of Eurasia was enhanced when improved Eurasian snow conditions were introduced into the model. Furthermore, the model skill in reproducing the interannual variation and spatial distribution of the surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies over China was improved by applying realistic (prescribed) Eurasian snow conditions. The predictive skill of the summer precipitation in China was low; however, when realistic snow conditions were employed, the predictability increased, illustrating the effectiveness of the application of realistic Eurasian snow conditions. Overall, the results of the present study suggested that Eurasian snow conditions have a significant effect on dynamical seasonal prediction in China. When Eurasian snow conditions in the global climate model (GCM) can be more realistically represented, the predictability of summer climate over China increases. 相似文献
992.
郑州市空气质量状况及冬季持续污染过程的气象机理分析 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
利用2004-2008年郑州市环境监测站所监测的SO2、NO2、PM10日平均浓度资料及历史气象资料,分析了郑州市近5a的空气质量状况与特征,并以2006年12月份的2次持续性污染过程为例,分析了气象条件对污染物浓度的影响,结果显示:郑州市以煤烟型污染为主,污染物浓度具有明显的季节变化特征,冬春季节污染物浓度明显高于夏秋季节;冬季均压场中持续多日风速小、近地面层出现逆温层是造成郑州市出现持续污染事件的主要气象条件,持续性污染过程往往因受冷空气的影响而结束。 相似文献
993.
994.
准噶尔盆地南缘不同区域棉花气候条件对比分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
兵团农六师棉花种植区域东西跨度大,气候条件存在较大的差异,对本地区棉花生产有一定的影响。东线、中线、西线3个植棉区域以222团、102团和新湖农场为代表,分别对不同区域的气象条件的差异进行分析,评述了不同区域影响棉花生产的主要气象要素,以利于探索不同气候条件下的高产栽培流程和拟定减少气象灾害损失的对策,为今后兵团农六师棉花生产的决策服务提供较科学的依据。 相似文献
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996.
为了了解中国不同区域矿产资源开发产生的主要环境地质问题分布特征,为矿山生态环境恢复治理规划提供基础资料。笔者依据近几年全国矿山地质环境调查成果资料,首次对全国矿山地质环境区进行了系统划分和地质环境条件分析,通过研究不同地质环境区开发的主要矿产资源类型、开发强度、不同类型矿产开采产生的主要环境地质问题类型、分布、危害、需要防治的主要环境地质问题,对矿山开发产生的土地占用与破坏、地质灾害、环境污染的区域分布特征进行了总结。结果表明,中国中东部地区矿产资源开发强度、矿山环境地质问题重于西部地区,煤矿山问题重于金属矿山、金属矿山问题重于非金属矿山。 相似文献
997.
998.
Our study investigates possible formation mechanisms of the very recent bright gully deposits (BGDs) observed on Mars in order to assess if liquid water was required. We use two models in our assessment: a one-dimensional (1D) kinematic model to model dry granular flows and a two-dimensional (2D) fluid-dynamic model, FLO-2D (O’Brien et al., 1993, FLO Engineering), to model water-rich and wet sediment-rich flows. Our modeling utilizes a high-resolution topographic model generated from a pair of images acquired by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. For the 1D kinematic modeling of dry granular flows, we examine a range of particle sizes, flow thicknesses, initial velocities, flow densities, and upslope initiation points to examine how these parameters affect the flow run-out distances of the center of mass of a flow. Our 1D modeling results show that multiple combinations of realistic parameters could produce dry granular flows that travel to within the observed deposits’ boundaries. We run the 2D fluid-dynamic model, FLO-2D, to model both water-rich and wet sediment-rich flows. We vary the inflow volume, inflow location, discharge rate, water-loss rate (water-rich models only), and simulation time and examine the resulting maximum flow depths and velocities. Our 2D modeling results suggest that both wet sediment-rich and water-rich flows could produce the observed bright deposits. Our modeling shows that the BGDs are not definitive evidence of recent liquid water on the surface of Mars. 相似文献
999.
Some 20% of Titan’s surface is covered in large linear dunes that resemble in morphology, size and spacing (1-3 km) those seen on Earth. Although gravity, atmospheric density and sand composition are very different on these two worlds, this coincident size scale suggests that the controlling parameter limiting the growth of giant dunes, namely the boundary layer thickness (Andreotti et al., 2009). Nature, 457, 1120-1123], is similar. We show that a ∼3 km boundary layer thickness is supported by Huygens descent data and is consistent with results from Global Circulation Models taking the distinctive thermal inertia and albedo of the dune sands into account. While the boundary layer thickness on Earth controlling dunes can vary by an order of magnitude depending on the proximity of oceans, which have very different thermal properties from dry land, the relative invariance of dune spacing on Titan is consistent with relatively uniform thermal properties near the dunes and no prominent variation with latitude is seen. 相似文献
1000.
The origin of the martian gullies has been much debated since their discovery by the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC, Malin, M.C., Edgett, K.S. [2000]. Science 288, 2330-2335). Several previous studies have looked at slope gradients in and around gullies, but none have used Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE, McEwen, A.S., and 14 colleagues [2007]. J. Geophys. Res. 112 (E05), E0505S02), which has a pixel scale down to 25 cm/pixel. We use five 1 m/post HiRISE DEMs to measure gully apex slopes, the local channel gradient at the upslope extent of the gully debris apron, which marks a shift from erosion to deposition. The apex slope provides information about whether a flow was likely a typical dry granular flow (begins depositing on slopes ∼21°) or fluidized by some extra mechanism (depositing on shallower slopes). We find that 72% of the 75 gully fans studied were likely emplaced by fluidized flows. Relatively old gullies appear more likely to have hosted fluidized flows than relatively fresh gullies. This suggests a time and location dependent fluidizing agent, possibly liquid water produced in a different climate as previously proposed. Our results do not provide evidence for water-rich flows in gullies today. 相似文献