The integration of South African fisheries into the global economy: Past,present and future

The integration of the South African fisheries into the global economy has operated as a powerful constraint on post-apartheid fisheries reform. The shedding of South Africa's international pariah status and currency depreciation enhanced access to and competitiveness on global markets, sparking a demersal-led export boom, which has favoured incumbent producers. Increased exports have also allowed the post-apartheid state and nascent black capital to maximise their returns from the fisheries through cost recovery and share purchases. The protection and promotion of the fisheries’ “international competitiveness”, inter alia sought through “sustainable fishery” certification of the hake industry with the Maritime Stewardship Council (MSC), has in turn provided a cover-all for the refusal of populist redistribution demands and special treatment for black small capital.     

Spatial/temporal variations in zooplankton biomass and ecological characteristics of major species in the southern part of the Japan Sea: a review

During the 1990s many studies on zooplankton in the Japan Sea have been carried out. In this review, I have synthesized the study of horizontal distribution, seasonal and annual variations of zooplankton biomass, and ecological characteristics of major component species in the southern Japan Sea, which area is influenced by the warm Tsushima Current. The zooplankton biomass (annual mean) in the southern Japan Sea was lower than in the subarctic Pacific, including the northern Japan Sea, and similar to biomass levels in Kuroshio waters. Temporal variations in zooplankton biomass showed both seasonal and year-to-year components. Seasonal biomass increases to a maximum in spring with a weak secondary peak in autumn. As for long-term changes, 3–6 year cycles were identified, with the dynamics of the surface warm Tsushima Current and the subsurface cold water playing important roles in determining the yearly zooplankton community structure and biomass. Cold water species in the southern Japan Sea had extensive diel vertical migrations whose range is restricted in summer by the development of a thermocline. Among these species, the herbivores Euphausia pacifica and Metridia pacifica encounter a lower food supply, resulting in lower growth rates. The vertical dispersal of epipelagic carnivorous zooplankton such as Sagitta elegans and Themisto japonica to the deep-sea is probably facilitated by reduced interspecific competition. Their interaction with Japan Sea Proper Water, characterized by near-zero temperatures in the meso- and bathypelagic zones suppresses growth rates of the mesopelagic zooplankton. The lack of micronektonic predators in the mesopelagic zone may allow the persistence of slow growing populations.     

浙江省滩涂围垦与区域经济的可持续发展

滩涂围垦是浙江省扩大土地资源的主要出路.通过对浙江省经济社会发展战略与土地利用状况、建设用地与滩涂围垦关系等的论述与分析,指出了浙江省经济社会的发展,需要以建设用地的增长为基础;土地供求矛盾,需要以滩涂围垦来缓解;从而阐明了浙江省滩涂围垦与区域经济可持续发展若干关系.并对浙江省滩涂资源的4个方面特性进行了分析,提出了浙江省沿海滩涂资源开发利用的5项保障措施,以利于促进浙江省滩涂围垦和区域经济的可持续发展.     

地理信息系统(GIS)在海洋地质中的应用

地理信息系统是一门空间数据管理科学和智能化高新技术，它是由地理学、地图学、计算机科学、遥感技术、数学等相互作用相互交叉而形成的，有向数据自动化处理研究、数据结构研究、空间关系理论研究、人工智能和专家系统研究发展的趋势。在海洋地质中，地理信息系统目前主要应用于海底地形地貌模拟、海洋地质资料科学管理与共享、海洋地质资料处理等。随着全球尺度海洋学研究的进一步开展及海洋地理信息系统的产生，地理信息系统在海洋地质中的应用前景良好。     

射阳沿海的旅游资源及开发,利用构想

射阳地处苏北沿海,成陆年代不长,有着广袤的滩涂和多条横绩全境的人海河道,蕴茂着国特色的旅游资源和自然景观,有许多革命纪念地,还流传着不少神话传说人文景观别具一格。本文提出了开发,建设射阳沿海滩涂旅游经济带和是河风光旅游带的总体规划,应遵循的原则和措施。     

Identification of rainwater harvesting sites using SCS-CN methodology,remote sensing and Geographical Information System techniques

This study presents a method to identify potential sites for soil and water conservation techniques for the demarcation of suitable sites for artificial recharge of groundwater aquifers, in the study area. The run-off derived by the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number method is a function of run-off potential which can be expressed in terms of run-off coefficient. The augmentation of water resource is proposed by the construction of rainwater harvesting structures like check dam, percolation pond, farm pond and gully check dam. The site suitability for different water harvesting structures is determined by considering spatially varying parameters like slope, infiltration, run-off potential, landuse/land cover, stream order, soil texture, land capability class, hydrological soil group and micro-watershed area. The determined suitable site has been validated with existing recharge structures of the study area. Accuracy assessment of the suitable sites for recharge structures potential maps of the Bindra watershed is 82.60%.     

中国500强的行业结构及其区域差异

中国500强是中国优秀企业的集中体现,决定了中国未来产业乃至经济的发展方向。基于2009~2014年“中国500强”数据,从企业数量和营业收入角度分别对中国500强的行业结构和区域分布概况进行统计分析,继而探讨中国各省市的行业结构及其空间格局特征。结果表明：① 2009~2014年,制造业的上榜企业数量与营业收入占比均保持下降趋势,但制造业在13类行业中仍占主导,是当前中国国民经济中不可或缺的支柱行业;金融业、建筑业、批发和零售业以及房地产业发展势头强劲,是主导产业的重要组成部分;② 中国500强的地理集中度不断提升,东部地区特别是北京、上海、广东3省市以及香港地区是中国500强企业及其营业收入的主要集聚区域;③ 中国各省市行业结构的空间格局特征表现为：行业结构多元化、简单化与单一化并存,呈阶梯状分布;制造业占主导,但各省市制造业所占份额差距大;服务业趋于向东部省市集中;产业结构效益的区域差异显著。     

云南沿边地区县域经济的空间格局演化分析

基于云南沿边地区56个县域单元1993,2002,2009,2015年人均GDP数据,运用ESDA-GIS方法分析沿边地区县域经济的空间演化格局,并探讨其驱动因素。结果表明:云南沿边地区县域经济发展和区域经济增长存在正的空间自相关,但相关性相对较弱。1993年以来,县域经济整体格局变动不大,经济热点区域始终处于弥勒、建水、蒙自等县市,冷点区域则始终处于广南、麻栗坡、绿春等县域;而经济增长格局则表现出明显的空间演化和跃迁特征。整体上看,云南沿边县域经济的空间差异较大,由随机成分造成空间异质性也逐渐增强,且东—西方向上县域经济差异有进一步扩大趋势。资源禀赋、地理区位以及区域发展政策是县域经济空间格局演化的主要驱动力。     

Alternative Economies of the Forest: Honey Production and Public Land Management in Northwest Florida

Within public lands across the United States, “natural” environments are given boundaries, subject to regulation, and managed for various uses. However, the effective and judicious management of these socionatural spaces for the greater good of both long-term sustainability and the mutual benefit of disparate stakeholders remains a challenge. One such stakeholder group includes forest-dependent communities, specifically, harvesters and producers of nontimber forest products (NTFPs). Relying on a case study of honey producers in rural northwest Florida, this article demonstrates how competing notions of forest management create tensions between local resource users and resource managers. NTFP research engages in timely discussions of diverse economic practices, resource politics, and issues of contested land use and access within a post-industrial context.