安徽新桥块状硫化物矿床地球化学特征

新桥块状硫化物矿床发育双层结构,地球化学特征也呈现出明显的“二元性”和垂向变化。下部网脉状蚀变矿化岩石SiO₂、Al₂O₃、K₂O和Na₂O等含量较高,上部层状块状矿石和含矿岩石Fe₂O₃、FeO、CaO、MgO及SiO₂等明显富集。稀土含量相对较低,上部层状块状矿层平均值为10.73×10^-6,下部通道相蚀变矿化岩石平均值为126.1×10^-6。重晶石δ³⁴S值为+16.2‰,硬石膏δ³⁴S值为+11.2‰,黄铁矿δ³⁴S值为+1.5‰～+4.7‰。含矿硅质岩δ¹⁸O为+12.0‰～+13.9‰,下部通道相含黄铁矿石英脉δ¹⁸O值为+13.3‰～+18.6‰。自下部网脉状矿化到上部层状块状矿层,从粗晶细晶到变胶状胶状黄铁矿,δ³⁴S、δ¹⁸O和δ30Si值逐渐降低,²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb、²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb和²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb平均值逐渐增高。     

Heavy metals contents on beach and dune sediments from Espinho to Mondego Cape (Portugal)—influence of human activities

Following previous studies on beach and dune sediments from the Espinho–Mondego Cape coastal sector, geochemical studies have been done on the same sediments aiming to unravel the lithological from the anthropogenic geochemical signal. 129 samples have been collected from 45 profiles, in beach and dune sediments. Total Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cd, Co, Ni, Cr, Ca, Mg and Al concentrations were measured in the fine fractions of the sediments. The absence of relationship between the analysed heavy elements and Al and the exhibition of contents higher than the rocks outcropping in the hinterland, point to an additional source of heavy metals related to human activities. The available data allowed us to consider that inputs from Aveiro lagoon (natural and anthropogenic), Douro River and coastal erosion (by littoral drift or advective currents) are the main sources of heavy metals in this region.     

多层天然气藏叠加的地表化探异常特征及实例

通过大量实践 ,总结了单层气气藏、含双层气气藏和多层气气藏在理想条件下的异常形态特征 ,实例为解释油气化探异常提供了一定的地球化学依据     

西准噶尔走滑断裂系元素分布特征及其成矿意义

我国新疆西北部西准噶尔走滑断裂构造体系(简称"西准系")是中亚造山带巴尔喀什马蹄形构造的向东延伸部分,由于中生代成吉思-准噶尔断裂的右行走滑断裂作用而被分成了两个部分。西准系是一个多米诺式的走滑断裂构造体系,主要由达拉布特断裂、玛依勒断裂、巴尔鲁克断裂等三条NE走向的左行走滑断裂及其夹在它们之间的地块所组成,可能是晚古生代与走滑断裂相关的陆条弯曲(褶皱)作用的产物。同时,西准噶尔地区也是重要的晚古生代成矿带,产出有一些大型和超大型的金属矿床,包括包古图斑岩铜矿、哈图金矿、萨尔托海铬铁矿和杨庄铍矿床等。本文分析了西准系走滑断裂构造与元素分布之间的关系。结果显示,西准噶尔成矿带元素与地球化学块体以及铜、金、钼、铬铁矿等矿床的分布,均受晚古生代西准系的形成与演化过程的控制。其中,庙尔沟、红山岩体与金地球化学块体之间的反对称分布特征,说明了花岗岩类侵入体和金元素在达拉布特断裂左行走滑过程中发生了重要的物质调整与迁移作用。庙尔沟岩体的逆时针旋转运动,造成了环状断裂与裂隙系统,以及与之相对应的Cu、Pb等元素风火轮式的分布形式。走滑断裂作用与岩体旋转运动的共同结果,导致了金元素沿断裂和裂隙的迁移与成矿,使得西准地区金矿床在断裂和裂隙中的发育。断裂构造体系与元素地球化学异常之间的关系,可以用来有效指导西准地区未来矿产资源的勘查。     

Use of earth observation data for applications in public health

The Earth Observation (EO) data with their advantages in spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions have demonstrated their great value in providing information about many of the components that comprise environmental systems and ecosystems for decades that are crucial to the understating of public health issues. This literature review shows that in conjunction with in situ data collection, EO data have been used to observe, monitor, measure and model many environmental variables that are associated with disease vectors. Furthermore, satellite derived aerosol optical depth has been increasingly employed to estimate ground-level PM_2.5 concentrations, which have been found to associate with various health outcomes such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. It is suggested that Landsat-like imagery data may provide important data sources to analyse and understand contagious and infectious diseases at the local and regional scales, which are tied to urbanisation and associated impacts on the environment. There is also a great need of data products from coarse resolution imagery, such as those from moderate resolution imaging spectrometer, multiangle imaging spectroradiometer and geostationary operational environmental satellite , to model and characterise infectious diseases at the continental and global scales. The infectious diseases at greater geographical scales have become unprecedentedly significant as global climate change and the process of globalisation intensify. The relationship between infectious diseases and environmental characteristic have been explored by using statistical, geostatistical and physical models, with recent emphasis on the use of machine-learning techniques such as artificial neural networks. Lastly, we suggest that the planned HyspIRI mission is crucial for observing, measuring and modelling environmental variables impacting various diseases as it will improve both spectral resolution and revisit time, thus contributing to better prediction of occurrence of infectious diseases, target intervention and tracking of epidemic events.     

云南省中西部红色风化壳中铂族元素分布特征

近年来,铂族元素以其广泛的地质活动环境受到越来越多的关注,人们对铂族元素的研究也从其在硫化物熔体、硅酸盐熔体和热液流体中的富集成矿行为逐渐延展到其在表生风化过程中的地球化学迁移行为.本文通过对我国云南省中西部潞西菲红、元谋朱布和弥渡金宝山3个具有铂族元素矿化的超基性岩体形成的红色风化壳研究发现,三地风化壳化学风化程度远...     

Background levels and baseline values of available heavy metals in Mediterranean greenhouse soils (Spain)

This study determines extractable levels of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni and Co in western Almería (Spain) greenhouse surface soil horizons using EDTA solution, which is identified as the fraction available for organisms and plants. It also establishes background levels, geochemical baseline concentration and reference values (RV), and investigates the possible relationships between soil properties and elemental concentrations. The results show that the soil concentration of these extractable heavy metals was high as those reported by other authors for Spanish agricultural soils. The available RV concentrations obtained (mg kg⁻¹) were: Cd 0.17, Cu 1.6, Pb 13.8, Zn 5.0 Ni 1.7 and Co 2.9. Using the upper baseline criterion, 95% of greenhouse soils present a relatively higher content of extractable heavy metals given their Cd and Cu concentration. Significant correlations between total and EDTA-extractable metal levels were found for Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd and Ni. Soil properties also related to heavy metals content, suggesting that Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn are of similar origin and relate to anthropic activities, and implies the same interactions and/or relationships among these metals.     

浙江慈溪市土地生态质量调查和评估

土壤、大气、水和农产品质量共同构成土地生态质量的内涵。通过慈溪市基本农田质量调查试点项目,开展了高精度土壤地球化学调查和农产品、灌溉水、大气质量调查,建立了土地生态质量评估模型。以土壤地球化学质量评估为基础,进行了大气、水、农产品综合质量评估,以及慈溪市农用地土地生态质量评价。评价显示,慈溪市农用地土地生态质量绝大部分优良,只有局部如城市周边等地存在生态风险。试点成果为浙江省国土资源特别是基本农田的数量、质量和生态管护并重的精细化管理提供了示范和依据。     

辽宁省岩石地球化学研究新进展

辽宁地球化学场研究,是根据辽宁全域41种元素丰度及各种地球化学参数,论述了辽宁不同地质时代和构造分区表壳岩石元素分配特点,指出了辽宁重要成矿元素的高值时代;建立了辽宁早前寒武纪变质岩、超变质岩,全域沉积岩,火成岩不同岩类的主元素地球化学模型和元素富集型式;并对Au、Pb、Zn、B等主要成矿元素的分布、分配以及与有关元素的相关特征进行了讨论;指出了成矿元素的主要载体岩石和高值地质单元。根据大地构造分区、元素组合,将辽宁全域划分为4个地球化学省,11个地球化学区,35个地球化学分区。