河北XD银矿外围水系沉积物地球化学异常特征和找矿方向浅析

对XD银矿床外围水系沉积物地球化学异常特征研究表明,区内具有极好的寻找银（金）多金属矿前景,认为Ag,Pb是近程指标元素,Zn,As,Sb为远程指标元素,拆离断层及隐伏拆离断层上盘,次火山岩与长城系碎屑岩接触带的Ag多金属异常分布区是今后找矿的重要靶区。     

利用地表土壤烃指标多元组分相关综合特征寻找油气藏方法研究

通过对油气田上方烃的微渗漏和分异作用及其在地表土壤中的吸附叠加方式的研究 ,认为目前通常所用烃指标的单组分数据统计背景和划分异常的方法存在较大的缺陷 ,提出利用烃多元组分相关综合特征确定背景并筛选出各背景中与油气藏有关的烃异常的新思路。该方法通过在已知油气田上的应用 ,证明其效果十分显著 ,与单一烃指标方法相比 ,大大缩小了勘探靶区范围并提高钻探成功率 ,具有较好的推广应用价值     

Trace metal concentrations in lake and overbank sediments in southern Norway

 As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, V, Se and Zn concentrations were determined and compared in lake and overbank sediments from 33 catchments without local pollution sources in southern Norway. There were no significant differences in concentrations of Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, and V in overbank and pre-industrial lake sediments. In areas with shallow overburden, and significant influence from long-range atmospheric pollution, concentrations of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Se, and Zn in overbank sediments were probably modified by vertical percolating water. In such areas, we suggest using lake sediments as a better sampling medium for mapping pre-industrial concentrations. Pre-industrial lake sediments yield natural concentrations of Hg and Se, which consist of both geogenic and natural atmospheric deposition. Important covariables like organic carbon content, Fe oxides, and fine mineral fraction were generally higher in pre-industrial lake sediments as compared to overbank sediments. By adjusting for such differences overbank sediments could be used as an alternative in mapping background concentrations of trace metals in regions with few lakes. Received: 19 February 1999 · Accepted: 17 April 1999     

乌鲁木齐10号泉流体综合观测及映震灵敏性初析

从１９８０年至１９９９年１０月底,距１０号泉３００ｋｍ范围内共发生５级以上地震１４次,其中在１３次地震前,该泉水化学项目有前光异常反应,随着近年来对资料的进一步观测和分析,该泉的部分水化学参数也具有较好的强震远场效应,在１５项测项中,有１０项分虽在不同的地震前出现过前兆异常。分析该泉的映震灵敏性,初步认为原因有以下方向：（１）泉点处于活断裂带上;（２）干扰因素少;（３）处于多层含水层混合的不稳定带;（４）综合观测为寻找地震异常提供了更为丰富的依据。     

Geochemical modeling,fate distribution,and risk exposure of potentially toxic metals in the surface sediment of the Shyok suture zone,northern Pakistan

The objective of the current study was to assess the contamination of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in weathered surface sediment, along stream tributaries, and surrounding area of the river Chitral, Shyok suture zone district Chitral, Pakistan. To understand the geochemical features of 113 sediment, samples were collected from the Mirkhani and Drosh area. Then, different statistical tools including the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and ecological risk assessment (ERA) were used to unravel the origin, intensity, and exposure level of PTMs to control risk and restore the ecosystem within the study area. The results for the PTMs namely nickle (Ni), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and cobalt (Co) in Mirkhani and Drosh were in the following ranges: 10–150, 15–210, 15–250, 0.08–1.00, 10–70, 76–240 and 14–51; and 13–240, 17–210, 15–150, 0.08–0.60, 7–140, 47–150 and 13–36 mg/kg, respectively. In consequence, the potential ecological risk caused by Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, and Zn is reflected by the percentages of samples with an ecological risk index (ERI) greater than one which were 100%, 91%, 100%, 100%, 92%, and 100%, respectively. However, the overall mean decreasing order of ecological risk of PTMs in the district Chitral was Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Cr > Zn > Cd. Moreover, the PCA yielded 78% variability which indicated that mineral prospects play an important role in the contamination of sediment. Furthermore, the mineral phases of Pb and Zn suggested supersaturation, while that for Cd revealed unsaturation. The results of Igeo, ERI, and CA indicated contamination of PTMs in the study area. The ERI value of Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, and Zn was higher than 1 suggesting an ecological risk in the study area. Moreover, the current study showed the dominance of geogenic contamination with major contributions from ultramafic rock and known mineral prospects. Therefore, contaminated sediment of the Shyok suture zone is extremely detrimental to the aquatic ecosystem of the study area.     

北羌塘盆地那底岗日剖面中上侏罗统碳酸盐岩稀土元素地球化学特征与沉积环境分析

北羌塘盆地那底岗日剖面中上侏罗统碳酸盐岩发育,其中以布曲组和索瓦组最为发育,对研究该区中上侏罗统沉积环境具重要意义。通过对稀土元素分布规律、分布特征及地球化学特征值分析,表明该套碳酸盐岩中稀土元素平均总含量(ΣREE)较低,为35.305μg/g;ΣLREE/ΣHREE比值为7.769～9.046,轻重稀土分馏明显,且稀土总含量(ΣREE)与SiO2和Al2O3含量呈正相关,与CaO含量呈负相关,说明沉积期有大量陆源碎屑注入。δCe平均值为0.966,基本无异常,但不同地层中有一定变化,布曲组到索瓦组一段、二段沉积水体氧化性显示为强-弱-强演化过程。LaN/YbN比值为1.124～1.493,其中索瓦组二段数值最小,沉积时期水体酸性最弱。表明研究区沉积水体具弱还原性,沉积时期有大量陆源碎屑注入,为近岸碳酸盐岩沉积。     

Application of a normalization procedure in determining regional geochemical baselines

 The regional variability of some geochemical parameters in the Gulf of Trieste is considered in terms of their relationship with Al, used as a normalization factor. Baselines calculated from these relationships are used to determine a simple enrichment factor for each element, defined as the ratio between the actual and predicted baseline value. The normalization procedure permits a new non dimensional reference baseline to be obtained that could help to assess the size of possible anomalies and to provide information on the diffusion and dispersion patterns of pollutants inside the monitored area. Received: 24 August 1995 · Accepted: 15 October 1995     

含油流体包裹体：地球化学分析与地质应用

利用含油流体包裹体可以获得与原油和源区常规分析同等质量的可靠地球化学数据。细致而又小心谨慎地对待各测试步骤(如样品清洗、背景空白等)是成功进行包裹体油气成分分析的基础。从技术上来说，每一分析步骤都具有挑战性，但如果我们能按步骤循序渐进，就不仅能够分析那些含有大量石油包裹体的样品(如当今或古油藏样品)，而且可以测试含极少量石油包裹体的样品(如迁移路径或极古老岩石样品)。包裹体中可被测试的碳氢化合物多种多样，包括低分子量的碳氢化合物、n-链烷、类异戊二烯、生物标志物、芳香族碳氢化合物等。流体包裹体内石油成分分析在地质上有广泛应用，比如可以更好地重建储集区石油重注史、确定盆地中以前未知的活性源岩。在储集区内由生物降解造成的石油再造和(或)水洗作用经常被抹去，流体包襄体分析则可以解释储集区复杂成油阶段，当然更可以去除钻孔泥浆添加剂或其他污染物的影响。此外，也可以获知地球早期生物圈碳氢化合物的组成及多样性，以及在勘探区或盆地进行二次迁移路径填图。     

西藏则不吓铅锌矿床地质、物化探特征及找矿前景

则不吓铅锌矿床为冈底斯成矿带中部西段新发现的热液脉型铅锌矿床。依据成矿地质条件、地球化学异常、高磁异常和激电异常、矿体特征等综合分析,区内成矿元素以Pb、Zn、Ag等元素为主,是寻找中低温热液型铅锌银多金属矿的有利地区,并指示其深部可能存在隐伏岩体,地表出露的断裂构造很可能是岩浆侵入在顶部引爆形成的裂隙,而各类岩脉为深部岩体向上延伸的分支。综合认为,该矿床找矿前景很好,后续通过进一步勘查可望取得更大的找矿突破,同时应注意在热液脉型铅锌矿体深部对斑岩型钨钼铜矿或隐爆角砾岩型铅锌银矿的识别和寻找,以拓展区内找矿空间和矿种类型。     

山东省沂源县金星头勘查区地质地球化学特征及找矿前景分析

山东省沂源县金星头地处沂源-沂南金及多金属成矿带北部,该成矿带位于中国东部矽卡岩金多金属矿带中北部,属于环太平洋带组成部分。通过对该区的地质、地球化学特征等分析,运用1∶1万土壤地球化学测量方法,发现了一批以Au为主的化探异常,对部分异常运用岩石地球化学测量和探槽进行查证,发现具有工业品位的金铜矿（化）体5处,提出下一步找矿的工作重点地段,即在中生代燕山晚期中偏碱性或中酸性侵入杂岩体与寒武纪朱砂洞组、馒头组白云岩、灰岩等接触部位及两侧寻找接触交代型（矽卡岩）金铜矿床。