原子荧光光度法测定地化样品砷不确定度评定

测定过程中的不确定度分量分析,并计算各分量标准不确定度及合成不确定度。通过合成标准不确定度,得出测量结果的扩展不确定度及最终结果表示:(14.8±0.50)μg/g。     

兰坪金顶跑马坪矿段水文地质特征

对跑马坪矿段地质、水文地质条件的调查,划分水文地质单元,对比矿段开采前后水文地质条件的变化、矿段涌水量与大气降水的关系等,分析矿段地下水水文地质特征。     

地壳全元素探测技术与实验示范

重点发展地壳全元素精确分析技术、地壳深部物质成分识别技术、盆地穿透性地球化学探测技术和化学地球构建技术.参照全球地球化学基准网,以1∶20万图幅为基准网格单元,建立一个覆盖全国的地球化学基准网,系统采集不同时代沉积岩、变质岩和火成岩样品以及疏松沉积物样品,获得中国大陆地壳76种元素基准值,研究化学元素在中国大陆的演化历...     

北京地区新5孔晚新生代沉积物中的地球化学特征及古环境意义

通过对新5钻孔晚新生代地层中的主要氧化物、微量元素和主要元素比值的变化特点进行研究分析。表明该地区自新近纪以来该地区气候总体趋势是由温暖湿润向温和干旱气候方向发展。其中经历了3个较大的氧化阶段。本文综合分析磁化率、古地磁和孢粉等资料。分析了主要氧化物、微量元素在不同地层中的分布特征。从地球化学角度把新5钻孔的沉积环境分为6个变化波动区间。揭示该地区晚新生代以来的气候经历了温暖湿润-温和湿润—温和偏干—温暖湿润—温凉湿润—温和偏干的气候波动。     

北京南部地区地面沉降发育特征及成因分析

本文总结了北京市南部地区地面沉降的发育特征,主要对区内地面沉降的历史,现状和垂向发育特征,进行了总体描述,分析了地面沉降成因,对区内今后的工程建设提出了合理化建议。     

Reconstructing flow paths of the Middle Pleistocene British Ice Sheet in central-eastern England: the application of regional soil geochemical data

High-density regional geochemical data for surface soils in central England and East Anglia reveal that much of their geochemical character is inherited from the tills that they are developed upon. Multivariate statistical analysis highlighted three significant element associations of Al–Fe–Ga–K–La–Mg–Rb, Ca–Sr and K–Fe accounting for almost 93% of the geochemical variability of soils derived from tills. Provenancing the geochemical signatures of the latter elements enabled the construction of ice flow paths associated with two different Middle Pleistocene ‘chalky’ till sheets. A lower till sheet relating to ‘Pennine’ ice flowing from west to east across the region, and an upper till sheet deposited by North Sea ice moving into northern East Anglia, and to the west of the Fen Basin, before fanning-out across central England. Overall, geochemical signatures of different till units are largely derived from local bedrock sources, with dilution and a new geochemical signature acquired as the ice flows over and incorporates new bedrock lithologies. The results show that high resolution soil geochemical data provides a further proxy with which the flow paths of former ice sheets can be delineated.     

Selective chemical extraction of heavy metals in tailings and soils contaminated by mining activity: Environmental implications

Total concentrations of chemical elements in soils may not be enough to understand the mobility and bioavailability of the elements. It is important to characterise the degree of association of chemical elements in different physical and chemical phases of soil. Another geochemical characterisation methodology is to apply sequential selective chemical extraction techniques. A seven-step sequential extraction procedure was used to investigate the mobility and retention behaviour of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, Mo, Cd, Bi, Sn, W, Ag, As and U in specific physical–chemical and mineral phases in mine tailings and soils in the surroundings of the abandoned Ervedosa mine. The soil geochemical data show anomalies associated with mineralised veins or influenced by mining. Beyond the tailings, the highest recorded concentrations for most elements are in soils situated in mineralised areas or under the influence of tailings. The application of principal components analysis allowed recognition of (a) element associations according to their geochemical behaviour and (b) distinction between samples representing local geochemical background and samples representing contamination. Some metal cations (Mn, Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni) showed important enrichment in the most mobilisable and bioavailable (i.e., water-soluble and exchangeable) fractions due likely to the acidic conditions in the area. In contrast, oxy-anions such as Mo and As showed lower mobility because of adsorption to Fe oxy-hydroxides. The residual fraction comprised largest proportions of Sn and Al and to a lesser extent Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, Bi, W, and Ag, which are also present at low concentrations in the bioavailable fractions. The elements in secondary mineral phases (mainly Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, W, Bi, Mo, Cr, Ni, Co, As and U) as well as in organic matter and sulphides are temporarily withheld, suggesting that they may be released to the environment by changes in physico-chemical conditions.     

库鲁克塔格地区太古—古元古代“非史密斯”地层岩石化学特征及地质意义

新疆库鲁克塔格地区位于塔里木盆地北东缘活动陆缘区,是我国前寒武系出露较典型地区该区出露“ 非史密斯”地层有中新太古界达格拉格布拉克群TTG质片麻岩套(片麻岩SIMS锆石U-Pb年龄为(2 565±18) Ma)和古元古界兴地塔 格群石英岩-云母片岩-大理岩建造(混合岩锆石 U-Pb年龄值为(1 912±1 2.1)Ma...     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000193

Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS (Forum of European Geological Surveys) geochemical baselines mapping project were sent to China’s IGGE (Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration) laboratory and composited to 190 samples according to the 160 km 160 km GNT (Global Terrestrial Network) cells. In addition to the FOREGS elemental analysis package, Au, Pt, Pd, B, Ge, Br, Cl, Se, N, Li and F were also analyzed by using the IGGE’s 76 element analytical scheme. Geochemical data statistics, scatter plotting, and geochemical map compilation techniques have been employed to investigate differences between FOREGS and IGGE analytical results. The results of two datasets, the IGGE’s analysis data for composited samples, and the FOREGS average data of samples in each GNT cell, agree extremely well for about 23 elements, viz: SiO2, Sr, Al2O3, Zr, Ba, Fe2O3, Ti, Rb, Mn, Gd, CaO, Ga, MgO, P, Pb, Na2O, Y, Th, As, U Sc, Cr, and Co. There are slight differences between-laboratory biases shown as proportional errors between the datasets for Ni, K2O, Tb, Tl, Cu, S, Sm, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ta, Nb, Hf, and Dy. For Cd, Cs, Be, Sb, In, Mo, I, Sn, and Te, the correlation of the two datasets and the similarity of the geochemical maps are fairly good, but obvious biases exist between the two datasets at values near detection limits. Sensitivities of FOREGS analytical methods for W, Bi, Sn, Te, Be, and I are insufficient to produce reportable values in at least 80% of the samples. Although the detection limits of Ag for both FOREGS and IGGE are sufficient to provide reportable values, a large bias was found between the two datasets. This study demonstrates that consistent analytical data for certain elements of global geochemical mapping samples can be achieved by different qualified laboratories, such as China’s IGGE laboratory and some European laboratories. For some elements, such as Ag, further research on the selection of the proper analytical methods and on the development of quality control methods should be undertakendwith final recommendations adhered to by all participants of the global geochemical mapping program.     

Hydrocarbon prospects across Narmada-Tapti rift in Deccan trap, central India: Inferences from integrated interpretation of magnetotelluric and geochemical prospecting studies

As the Mesozoic sediments contribute most of the oil and gas reserves of the world, we present an integrated interpretation approach using magnetotellurics (MT) and surface geochemical prospecting studies to demarcate hydrocarbon prospective Gondwana (Mesozoic) formations underneath the Deccan flood basalts of Late Cretaceous age across Narmada-Tapti rift (between Bhusawal and Barwah) in Central India. The MT interpretation shows deep (∼5 km) basement structure between southern and central part of the MT profile however, it gradually becomes shallower to either ends of the profile with a predominant basement depth reduction in the northern end compared to the southern end. The geophysical results suggest thick (2-3.5 km) Mesozoic sediments in the area characterized by deep basement structure. The geochemical analysis of the near surface soil samples indicate higher concentrations of light gaseous hydrocarbons constituents over the area marked with thick sub-basalt Mesozoic formations. Analyses of the geochemical data imply that these hydrocarbons are genetically related, generated from a thermogenic source and these samples fall in the oil-producing zone. The temperature-depth estimations in the region supports favorable temperature conditions (80-120 °C) for oil generation at basement depths.