Young adult households and domestic sustainabilities

Young adults in the Global North occupy a contradictory environmental identity: they are purportedly more environmentally concerned than older generations, but are also labelled hedonistic consumers. Most studies have focused on young adults still residing in parental homes, neglecting that Generation Y (born between 1975 and 1991) has ‘grown up’. The consumption patterns and environmental implications of their newly established households demand scholarly attention. Through a large-scale household sustainability survey, conducted in Australia, we have uncovered important inter-generational differences in environmental attitudes and everyday domestic practices. We found that generational cohorts hold distinct environmental attitudes. Younger households were most concerned with climate change, and least optimistic about future mitigation. However, generational differences influenced everyday domestic practices in more complex ways. All households engaged extensively with those ‘pro-environmental’ practices that reflected established cultural norms, government regulations and residential urban form. For other pro-environmental practices there were clear differences, with Generation Y households being the least engaged. A widening ‘value-action gap’ was apparent across our sample population, from oldest to youngest. However, rather than reflecting Generation Y’s supposed hedonism, we argue that this gap reflects generational geographies: how lifecourse intersects with housing and labour markets and norms of cleanliness to shape everyday domestic practices. Our research illuminates the shortcomings of a one-size-fits-all approach to household sustainability. The young adult stage is a time of transition during which homes and independent lifestyles are established, and practices are altered or become entrenched, for better or worse.     

2000年Jerk存在吗

从分布在欧亚美太平洋几个质量较好的台站的dY/dt变化曲线看,2000年或2001年似乎没出现新的Jerk(Y)。     

皱瘤海鞘胃肠道中3种内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学定位

应用免疫组织化学技术,用5-羟色胺、神经肽Y和胃泌素3种抗血清对皱瘤海 鞘(Styela plicata)胃肠道内分泌细胞进行鉴别和定位．结果表明,皱瘤海鞘的胃、前 肠、中肠和后肠均不同程度地存在5-羟色胺、神经肽Y和胃泌素3种免疫活性内分 泌细胞,且细胞在胃部的分布密度最高,后沿肠道逐渐递减,至后肠密度最低．胃肠道 免疫活性内分泌细胞可分为开放型和封闭型两种类型．开放型细胞多为长柱形或圆 锥形,具有长短不一的胞质突起;封闭型细胞则多为圆形或椭圆形．本文结合内分泌 细胞的分布密度和形态特点对其在皱瘤海鞘胃肠道中的功能进行讨论．     

Study on the Seismic Source Mechanisms of the Tibetan Plateau

STUDY ON THE SEISMIC SOURCE MECHANISMS OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU     

A GCV based method for nonlinear ill-posed problems

This paper discusses the inversion of nonlinear ill-posed problems. Such problems are solved through regularization and iteration and a major computational problem arises because the regularization parameter is not known a priori. In this paper we show that the regularization should be made up of two parts. A global regularization parameter is required to deal with the measurement noise, and a local regularization is needed to deal with the nonlinearity. We suggest the generalized cross validation (GCV) as a method to estimate the global regularization parameter and the damped Gauss-Newton to impose local regularization. Our algorithm is tested on the magnetotelluric problem. In the second part of this paper we develop a methodology to implement our algorithm on large-scale problems. We show that hybrid regularization methods can successfully estimate the global regularization parameter. Our algorithm is tested on a large gravimetric problem. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

二阶Y环频率选择表面的设计研究

利用分形结构的自相似性将分形理论应用于频率选择表面(FSS)领域即可使在单屏FSS上具有多频段带通滤波的特性,结合Floquet周期边界条件,采用矩量法研究了二阶Y环分形FSS在不同入射角度下迭代比例因子F及单元排布方式对频率响应特性的影响规律,给出谐振频率的经验估算值.计算及实验结果表明,FSS的谐振频率主要由迭代比例因子及起始单元尺寸决定,而透过率及-3 dB带宽则对排布方式的改变较敏感.实验结果与理论分析一致.     

Natural Gas Resource in Jurassic, Y Faulted Subbasin of Songliao Basin

Y faulted depression is located in the southeast of Songliao basin, which is another important area explored for natural gas in deep Formation after Xujiaweizi. But it is lowly explored and is not likely to make a major breakthrough in nature gas exploration for shallow and medium layers. The data on the geochemistry and geology indicate that the deep source rocks, especially the Jurassic mudstone bas great potentials of natural gas generation. Based on this, the paper examines the conditions of natural gas generation and further points out the favorable prospective gas - bearing area. The results show that the amount of natural gas generated from the Jurassic mudstone in the Y faulted depression is 8.42 × 1012m3 and the favorable gas - generating area is the body of the faulted depression.     

台风涡旋的结构及其与台风运动的关系

用ＦＳＵ区域模式讨论台风涡旋结构及其与运动的关系，台风涡旋的运动在无基本环流和β平面条件下取决于轴不对称环流。而不对称环流的发展源自于从对称环流动能的转换。其率取决对称环流，不对称环流和地球涡度经向梯度三者的相互作用。由于不对称环流动能产生率随高度不变，故台风作为一个统一体以相同的移速移动。不对称环流的径向结构取决于对称环流的径向结构。     

变质核杂岩中高Sr低Y型花岗岩的发现及其地质意义

在星子变质核杂岩和武功山变质核杂岩中发现了高Sr低Y型花岗岩。这是变质核杂岩构造中高Sr低Y型花岗岩的首次报道。地球化学研究结果表明,它们具有与adakite相似的地球化学特性。在时空分布上,属于中国东部adakite。它们是由玄武岩岩浆底侵到加厚的陆壳底部导致下地壳麻粒岩部分熔融形成的。结合花岗岩的地球化学特片及现有的资料探讨高Sr低Y型花岗岩的形成与变质核杂岩构造之间的成因关系。     

江南造山带东部旌德高Sr/Y花岗闪长岩的形成机制及其构造意义

旌德岩体是江南造山带东部一个典型的高Sr/Y岩体。锆石的原位U-Pb定年表明,该岩体侵位于141±1Ma。岩体由花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。岩体中黑云母为镁质黑云母。斜长石为奥长石、中长石。全岩地球化学表明,高的SiO2（66.01% ~ 70.87%）,Al2O3（14.91% ~16.24%）,全碱（K2O+Na2O = 6.64% ~ 8.01%）,K2O/Na2O变化范围在0.78～1.04,Sr（189×10-6 ~ 452×10-6）,和LREE;低的HREE和HFSE含量,Eu有轻微的负异常到弱的正异常（δEu＝0.81~1.18）。岩体具有高的Sr/Y（23 ~ 66）值和(La/Yb)N（13 ~ 58）值,且MgO、Cr、Ni含量较低。相对较高的εNd(t)＝‒12.92~‒6.28,二阶段模式年龄 tDM2 = 1.4~1.9Ga,岩体中发育有岩浆混合成因的暗色包体,指示有幔源岩浆参与。交代的岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,岩浆底侵到壳幔过渡带附近,导致下地壳发生部分熔融形成了旌德岩体,且发生了岩浆混合作用。