喜马拉雅地体的泛非-早古生代造山事件年龄记录

喜马拉雅地体是55±10Ma以来印度陆块与欧亚大陆碰撞而形成的增生地体,位于其中的高喜马拉雅与特提斯-喜马拉雅构造单元的变质基底主要由角闪岩相的富铝变质沉积岩和花岗质片麻岩组成。对两类岩石中锆石的SHRIMPU-Pb测年结果表明,除了记录了20Ma以来的构造事件年龄外,主要保存了529-457Ma的变形和变质事件记录,另外还保存了更早期(>835Ma)的年龄信息。根据20Ma以来崛起的喜马拉雅挤出岩片中包含早期强烈褶皱和向南的斜向逆冲构造以及伴随的角闪岩相变质作用记录,结合岩石测年所获得的大量泛非-早古生代年龄和奥陶纪底砾岩的发现,说明曾位于南半球印度陆块北部的变质基底岩石经历过泛非-早古生代造山事件,同位素年代学数据表明:(1)原始喜马拉雅山是泛非-早古生代造山事件的产物;(2)印度陆块早-中元古代变质基底的再活化在原始喜马拉雅山形成中起重要的作用;(3)现在的喜马拉雅山是在泛非-早古生代造山事件基础上再造山的结果。     

多尺度综合地球物理方法在扎西康铅锌锑金多金属矿找矿预测中的应用

青藏高原后碰撞阶段发生了大规模地壳尺度的伸展作用,并在特提斯喜马拉雅带内发育了淡色花岗岩、南北及东西向断裂等构造-热事件,形成了一系列的铅锌锑金多金属矿床.扎西康铅锌锑金多金属矿是带内已发现唯一的超大型多金属矿床.应用多尺度的综合地球物理方法开展扎西康矿区的找矿预测,为特提斯喜马拉雅铅锌锑金成矿带内的矿床勘查提供借鉴.首先,通过穿越错那洞穹窿、藏南拆离系(STDS)及扎西康典型矿床的南北向MT剖面(长72 km,基准点距1 km),初步建立了扎西康矿床深部构造-热事件的空间关系,结合区域构造-热事件的时间关系,提出了构造-热耦合成矿作用模型,为扎西康的地球物理勘探提供基础.其次,通过1∶5万区域重力(线距500 m,点距400 m)和MT剖面(点距500 m)浅部信息的联合解译,对扎西康整装勘查区尺度的导矿构造开展研究.最终,通过激电中梯扫面测量(线距100 m,点距40 m)、AMT剖面(点距50 m)及重力剖面(点距20 m)的联合解译,对扎西康的含矿断裂开展研究,定位深部隐伏矿体.     

喜马拉雅山中部过去约300年季风降水变化

重建了1700年以来喜马拉雅山中部达索普冰芯积累量,该积累量直接反映了喜马拉雅山中部季风降水。研究了该积累量的变化规律,并分析了其与尼泊尔和印度东北部夏季风降水之间的关系,最后讨论了陆海热力差异与该积累量之间的关系。     

Møller energy momentum distribution for higher dimensional Morris Thorne wormhole

In this study, Møller energy momentum distribution is investigated for the higher dimensional Morris Thorne wormhole (MTW) in general relativity theory (GR) and results are given for the MTW in (4+1) and (5+1) dimensions. In addition, using the MTW, Møller energy and momentum distributions were investigated for 4-dimensional Morris Thorne wormhole, Hyperbolic Morris Thorne wormhole, Zero Tidal wormhole, Zero Density wormhole, Visser–Kar–Dadhich wormhole and (2+1) dimensional Morris Thorne wormhole. Except for the Zero Tidal wormhole model, we obtained the Møller energy distribution as well defined and non-zero in all other wormhole models. Besides, our results are in agreement with Aygün and Yılmaz and support Lesnner’s idea for Møller energy momentum definition.     

Genetic implications of Zn‐ and Mn‐rich Cr‐spinels in serpentinites of the Tidding Suture Zone,eastern Himalaya,NE India

Metamorphosed serpentinites of the Tidding Suture Zone (TSZ), eastern Himalaya, contain variably altered Cr‐spinels that are concentrically zoned from high‐Cr, low‐Fe³⁺ spinel at the core to Cr‐magnetite at the rim. Two types of Cr‐spinel have been recognized, based on back‐scattered electron imaging in conjunction with microprobe analytical profiles. Cr‐spinel type‐I is present in the least metamorphosed serpentinite (Cr# = 0.78–0.85, Mg# = 0.38–0.45) and Cr‐spinel type‐II is present in the most highly metamorphosed serpentinite (Cr# = 0.86–0.94, Mg# = 0.10–0.34). Primary igneous compositions are preserved in the type‐I chromites whereas these compositions have been partly or completely obscured by metamorphism and alteration in type‐II grains. The enrichment of Mn and Zn increases from the type‐I (MnO = 1.86–2.42 wt.%, ZnO = 0.77–1.67 wt.%) to type‐II (MnO = 2.72–4.04 wt.%, ZnO = 1.33–3.22 wt.%) and the strong similarity in their distribution patterns implies that these elements were introduced during low‐grade metamorphism and serpentinization. The abundance of Mg‐rich chlorite and serpentine minerals suggest that olivine was the predominant silicate phase before serpentinization. Zn and Mn enrichment in the core zone of the Cr‐spinel is due to the substitution of Mg²⁺ and in part of Fe²⁺, by Zn and Mn. These elements were probably supplied from olivine upon serpentinization during and after obduction of the ophiolitic mélange along the Tidding Suture Zone in the eastern Himalaya, NE India. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.