基于TIN全球选站方法的GPS卫星钟差实时解算

解算所有GPS卫星钟差时要求选用地面跟踪站能够观测到每颗卫星,而组成该网的跟踪站数量对卫星钟差的解算效率有较大影响。跟踪站数量越多,卫星钟差的解算效率就越低,不利于实时应用。本文利用不规则三角网对全球跟踪站进行建模,提出一种新的全球均匀选站方法,并应用于卫星钟差实时解算。试验结果表明:当跟踪站个数达到25个时,卫星钟差解算精度优于0.3 ns,且随着跟踪站的增加,精度无明显提升。此跟踪站分布可作为卫星钟差实时解算的一种选站分布参考。     

Unbundling Stockholm: The networks, planning and social welfare nexus beyond the unitary city

This paper focuses on the extent to which recent infrastructure-oriented urban developments in Stockholm concord with various aspects of the ‘splintering urbanism’ thesis of Graham and Marvin. This contextualisation allows us to extend their work empirically and conceptually. In the first instance, we study a particular case of the decline of a unitary networked city (in an urban context largely absent from their book). In the second instance, we develop their notion of ‘unbundling’ to capture not just core changes in the organisation of infrastructure provision, but an overarching disjunction of the established nexus between networks, planning and social welfare in the city. This disjunction operates through interlinked transformations concerning, for example, privatisation and outsourcing in network services, separation of infrastructure planning from broader urban planning, contradictions between the environmental and social mandates of infrastructure, and a (prospective) curtailment of the redistributive, social role of essential network service provision. We conclude nonetheless that this ‘destructive’ moment of unbundling has not so far been pursued by more explicitly ‘creative’ urban fragmentation strategies, due largely to the vestiges of a socio-political consensus based around redistribution and equality. In this respect, the Stockholm case pleads for a conception of ‘splintering’ as a dynamic and multi-stage process which is not only always ongoing, unstable and incomplete, but also non-linear and open to resistance/regulation.     

区域高程异常内插方法研究

介绍了部分高程异常内插的方法,结合一个具体的实例,在2km×2km的小范围内采用多项式拟合内插的方法进行高程异常的逼近,运用GPS水准获得的数据进行检查,通过分析,应该采用5参数内插的方法,取得了2.8cm的精度;并据此进行高程异常内插分析,运用MATLAB编写程序对几种插值方法进行讨论。     

ADTD闪电定位网在北京地区定位效率的自评估

利用中国气象局ADTD闪电定位网2012—2016年京津冀地区13个闪电定位仪探测到的134余万次地闪资料,对北京站闪电定位仪的探测效率和全网在北京地区的闪电定位效率进行统计分析。结果表明:北京站闪电定位仪探测效率随着探测距离和方位角的变化而变化,有效探测范围为260km;北京站闪电定位仪在20km内探测效率仅为19.5%,随着距离的增加,探测效率逐渐增高,在60~80km范围内探测效率达到最大值86.9%,在80km以外探测效率逐渐减小,在100km范围内,北京站闪电定位仪在东北偏北的方向上定位效率较低,仅为24.3%,可能与正交磁天线本身缺陷因素影响有关。整个探测网络在北京地区自评估的探测效率为85%~95%,全网对弱电流回击的定位能力有待于提高。     

AFV refueling stations and the complexity of freeway intersections: the scale dependency of network representation

As interest for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) in urban areas continues to build, there has been a corresponding focus on the development of methods that can locate initial refueling stations on regional transportation networks in an optimal manner. Recent studies suggest that the behavior of early adopters of AFVs is consistent with the objectives of flow-capturing station location models. One outstanding issue with the further use of these models to locate AFV stations is the relationship between the relatively coarse geographic representation of regional transportation networks used in flow-capturing models and the complexity of the sites they recommend, which are often nodes that represent freeway intersections. Since AFV refueling stations cannot be built directly at freeway intersections, a network GIS method entitled the freeway traffic capture metric (FTCM) is developed to identify locations on proximate local street networks that can effectively capture all traffic passing through a freeway intersection. The FTCM considers deviation from a shortest travel path specifically through a freeway intersection as its metric of convenience for all possible travel routes that pass through it, computing a score for each candidate site on the nearby local street network. The FTCM is tested on nearly 45,000 candidate sites within one mile of 72 freeway intersections in greater Los Angeles, California. Locations that can capture all traffic passing through the nearby freeway intersection are shown to generally be near the intersection’s center, but not necessarily next to freeway entrances or exits. In total, 6.7% of possible station locations near these 72 freeway intersections are convenient for all traffic passing through them, and 22 out of the 72 freeway intersections lack such a site altogether. This indicates that there is high likelihood of inconsistency between regional modeling results and station location effectiveness if this scale dependency between coarse representations of transportation networks and the complexity of local street networks near freeway intersections is not considered when building initial AFV stations near these locations.     

福建数字地震台网与模拟台网记录的震相差异初析

本文通过对数字台网记录的地震震相和波形的分析,初步比较了模拟台网与数字台网记录波形,认为数字台网地震波震相具有高频成份表现突出,及初动清晰的特点,并对此作了进一步的探讨。     

Simulation of Wave Forces on A Semi-Circular Breakwater Using Multilayer Feed Forward Network

1 .IntroductionTheartificialneuralnetwork(ANN)hasbeenwidelyusedinmanyscientificfieldsinrecentyears .Itisakindofinformationmanagementsystemthatresemblesthehumanbraininworkpattern .Comparedwiththetraditionalmethodsofnumericalsimulation ,ANNhastheadvantagesofrelativein dependenceofphysicalmodel,uniformandsimplewayofrealization ,quicknessofcomputing ,andsoon .Sincethemodelofartificialneuronswasfirstlyintroducedin 1 943,ithasbeendevelopedthroughseveralstages.TheapplicationofANNhadnotbeenpopular…     

A large marine ecosystem governance framework

A large marine ecosystem (LME) governance framework, developed from a need to effectively address the sustainable management of the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean, is proposed. The framework is based on four propositions and focuses on a linked examination of two well-known components of LME-level governance: the policy cycle process by which decisions are made and the multi-level nature of LMEs. It accommodates the diversity of policy cycles at multiple levels and the linkages among them required for effective governance of LMEs. The framework takes into account of factors such as context, purpose, jurisdictional scale, capacity and complexity and provides a means to identify critical areas for intervention.     

应用人工神经网络计算孤立波爬高

运用附加动量法和自适应学习速率对具有一层隐含层的BP网络进行改进，并由此建立神经网络模型来计算孤立被的爬高。将试验值分别与Synolakis公式以及本文结果进行比较，证实神经网络模型计算方法对于计算孤立波的爬高是合适的。     

海洋重磁测网调差的若干理论研究

为从海洋重磁测网的观测资料中确定并扣除各测线含有的系统误差，本研究对调差方法进行理论研究。