GML分布式广义空间数据引擎的研究

在解析GML规范与空间数据引擎前沿研究成果的基础上,提出了一种语义对象模式表达的分布式广义空间数据引擎(SDE)模型。在通用大型数据库平台与通信机制支持下,用语义对象模式的GIS语言构建了一个全新的分布式广义SDE模型。对模型开发成果的应用与今后努力的方向作了简要的介绍。     

The Potential of Maps APIs for Internet GIS Applications

Since the launching of Maps Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) in 2005, many web developers, including geographers and non‐geographers, applauded the freely adaptable tools and used them to spawn numerous Internet applications. The success of the Maps APIs is largely attributable to its no‐cost policy, the availability of global data coverage, dynamic navigation, query capability, and ease of implementation. Despite its versatility in dynamic exploration of geographic data online, the existing Maps APIs lack Geographic Information System (GIS) functionalities compared to other Internet Mapping Services. The goal of this research was to review the potential of the Maps APIs for Internet GIS applications. This research employed the Google Maps API and developed a web prototype that disseminates spatial information of urban sprawl in Mundy Township, Michigan. The results revealed that both vector and raster data could be effectively represented by using the Maps API. Moreover, the Geographic Markup Language (GML) approach illustrated great potential for developing Internet GIS solutions around open specifications. This research suggested several potential solutions to expand the spectrum of GIS operations of the Maps APIs by incorporating the XML‐related technology and extending the JavaScript library.     

基于GML的分布式地理信息的动态集成研究

地理信息的分布式管理是地理信息系统发展的一个重要趋势,但某些情况下又需要将分布的地理信息进行集中分析,这就产生了分布式地理信息的集成问题。文中对GML(Geography Markup Language)用于分布式地理信息集成的可行性进行了分析,构建了利用GML及相关的模块对分布式地理信息集成模式进行数据综合分析的体系结构.     

多源异构空间数据集成工具系统的设计与研究

随着GIS的社会化发展,空间数据共享成为一种必然要求,然而由于空间数据格式及模型的多样性,要真正实现空间数据共享,多源异构空间数据集成是一个亟待解决的问题.针对国内相关行业对数据整合应用的需求,设计一种多源异构空间数据集成工具,分析系统的主要技术以及系统总体框架.并以MapGIS数据集成为例,具体分析数据集成的关键技术.该系统满足了国内行业对数据处理的需求,提高了数据的应用效率.     

基于Web Service的空间数据共享平台

分析传统GIS软件存在的数据共享、集成困难和应用间互操作复杂的问题,提出了基于Web Service的数据共享平台的简单原型和实现技术。阐述如何基于开放的规范和协议构建开放的数据存储一体化模型,并在此基础上,提出了分布式环境下基于Web Service数据节点集群、互操作方案,以及上层充一的应用开发模式,包括提供以面向对象的思想定义的、构建上层应用的组件支持。重点研究了在空间数据文本化之后数据的索引、查询问题,提出了结合元数据和GML的两阶段数据查询方案。并对该平台下空间数据的语义共享方式做初步探讨。     

基于GML3.2的对象化空间数据组织与关系表达研究

数据组织是GIS系统建设的基础和前提,随着对地理世界认知的不断深入,逐渐形成了基于特征的空间数据模型。以基于特征的空间数据组织基本理论为基础,文章主要讨论基于GML3.2的空间数据组织与关系表达的关键问题。首先,简要介绍GML的基本概念,并详细阐述GML3.2的主要模式。在此基础上,讨论在GML应用模式设计中需要注意的相关原则。最后,总结探讨了实现基于GML3.2的对象化空间数据组织与关系表达的途径。     

基于GML的多源异构空间数据集成框架研究

基于GML的多源异构空间数据集成将GML技术与空间数据集成技术相结合,能解决网络环境下地理信息资源相互不兼容的瓶颈问题,有效的实现数据的互操作。本文在分析GML数据格式特征的基础上,基于J2EE网络环境提出一个基于GML的多源异构空间数据应用集成框架。重点介绍了E00格式的空间数据规格定义以及向GML格式转换处理过程,并以福建省主要公路数据集为样本数据验证了集成结果。结果表明,采用GML作为多源异构数据集成的描述格式,可在数据层上有效地实现空间数据的集成和互操作。     

GQL: Extending Xquery to query GML documents

GML is becoming the de facto standard for electronic data exchange among the applications of Web and distributed geographic information systems. However, the conventional query languages (e.g. SQL and its extended versions) are not suitable for direct querying and updating of GML documents. Even the effective approaches working well with XML could not guarantee good results when applied to GML documents. Although XQuery is a powerful standard query language for XML, it is not proposed for queryings spatial features, which constitute the most important components in GML documents. We proposes GQL, a query language specification to support spatial queries over GML documents by extending XQuery. The data model, algebra, and formal semantics as well as various spatial functions and operations of GQL are presented in detail.     

Developing a Geographic Visualization Tool to Support Earth Science Learning

This paper reports on the development and assessment of the EarthSystemsVisualizer (ESV), a geovisualization tool designed to facilitate learning about global weather. Our goals in designing ESV were to evaluate two exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) techniques, temporal brushing and temporal focusing,and to determine whether interactive geovisualization tools influence problem solving strategies, approaches to learning, and students' ability to generate hypotheses about earth-science processes. Focus group sessions were conducted with both expert and novice users to assess an initial design for the ESV interface prior to conducting a task-based assessment of ESV use. Changes were implemented in response to the focus group results, including the redesign of a temporal legend and improved speed and direction controls. Our task-based assessment considered student reactions to components of ESV, especially whether they could use it to answer questions about global-scale weather processes, and whether the system (particularly its focusing and brushing tools) had an impact on the hypotheses generated about relationships among weather variables. The assessment revealed that focusing and brushing had little impact on students' ability to answer questions about weather processes, and that performance suffered for students who were confused by the focusing and brushing tools. In fact, students who understood the tools performed the best, but students without the tools performed better than those who had the tools but were unsure how to use them. We also concluded that the level of the visualization system must be well matched to the knowledge users have about the application domain: students who already possessed an advanced understanding of meteorology or climatology benefited less and were more critical of the system than students with an intermediate or a novice level of understanding.     

警用GIS综合服务平台的设计与实现

针对现有公安部门GIS系统缺乏统一的、标准的空间信息和业务应用体系的状况,提出并设计了警用GIS综合服务系统,着重突出了地理信息与公安部门业务数据的集成共享和互操作,根据各个公安部门的业务需求,提供标准的接口,使系统具有可持续维护性,最后进行了功能层面的设计和实现。