Glacier inventory of the Gran Campo Nevado Ice Cap in the Southern Andes and glacier changes observed during recent decades

The Gran Campo Nevado (GCN) forms an isolated ice cap on the Península Muñoz Gamero (PMG) located 200 km to the south of the Southern Patagonia Icefield (SPI). We present a glacier inventory of the GCN made up by 27 drainage basins (in total 199.5 km²) and other small cirque and valley glaciers of the southern part of PMG (in total 53 km²). The glacier inventory is based on a digital elevation model (DEM) and ortho-photos. Contour lines from maps, relief information derived from Landsat TM satellite imagery from 1986 and 2002 and stereoscopic data from aerial photos were combined in a knowledge-based scheme to obtain a DEM of the area. A digital ortho-photo map based on aerial photos from 1998 and several ortho-photos based on aerial photos from 1942 and 1984 could be produced from the initial DEM. A geographical information system (GIS) served to outline the extent of the present glaciation. All major glaciers of the GCN show a significant glacier retreat during the last 60 yr. Some of the outlet glaciers lost more than 20% of their total area during this period. Overall glacier retreat amounts to 2.8% of glacier length per decade and the glacier area loss is 2.4% per decade in the period from 1942 to 2002. We hypothesise that GCN glaciers may have reacted faster and more synchronously with the observed warming trend during recent decades when compared with the SPI.     

综合物探方法在地质灾害评价中的应用

随着经济的发展及矿产资源的日益紧缺,矿石价格也在不断的上扬,人们对资源的开发热度也大为提高。经济发展和环境保护的不协调性导致了一系列的环境地质问题。本文主要探讨了在矿产资源开发中应用物探方法对已存在的或潜在的地质环境灾害进行探测和预报,为地质灾害防治提供地学依据。     

GIS互操作的实现途径评述

文中主要探讨了开放式GIS的规程和关键技术,促进数据、系统和机构的互操作,总结了世界上著名公司最近GIS产品实现互操作的技术途径,给出了国际上有关GIS互操作、开放式GIS研究的最新进展以及近期发展方向。     

地理信息系统空间分析方法及其若干应用

地理信息系统中的核心是空间属性数据库，而管理，分析和应用数据库中数据的空间分析功能和应用模型则是发挥数据库作用的关键部分。衡量一个地理信息系统的好坏，不仅决定于其数据库的数据质量，数据量和更新速度，关键要看其空间功能是否强大，实用具有灵活性。一般来讲，地理信息系统的空间分析有很强的综合性和专业性，也具有很大的灵活性。     

红壤丘陵小区域水平上不同时段土壤质量变化的评价和分析

引相相对土壤质量指数的概念，应用地理信息系统技术，为小区域水平上土壤质量时空变化的评价提供了一种方法，并用于千烟洲试验站开垦利用１１ａ后土壤质量变化的评价。统计分析服农田，桔园，牧草地，人工林，天然林等多种土地利用方式下土壤质量变化的特征。     

土壤保水剂的吸水保水性能研究动态

土壤保水剂是一种新型化学农业抗旱材料, 在干旱地区农林业生产中具有广泛的应用前景。从保水剂的吸水和保水性能方面介绍了国内外学者的研究成果。     

近50年来云南气候带的变化特征

利用云南115个气象观测站1961-2006年逐日平均气温求算稳定≥10℃积温.并对积温资料按年代建立与海拔、经度和纬度相关联的小网格推算模型.再应用地理信息系统(GIS)订正到0.01×0.01°网格点,得出云南5个不同年代细网格积温分布.在此基础上划分7个气候带地理分布图,并分别计算其面积.据此分析,近50年来云南气候带总体上呈现热带亚热带范围扩大、温带范围减少的变化趋势,其中以北热带增加最明显,增幅达到90.2%;而南温带减少最明显,减幅为12.5%.在年代际变化上,1960-1970年表现出热带亚热带范围减小,温带范围增加;从1970年后则呈现热带亚热带范围快速增加,温带范围减小的趋势.而1990年代以来是气候带变化最大的时期.     

空间数据仓库的认知过程与代数描述

论述空间数据仓库定义包含的内容和空间数据仓库的概念框架,着重描述空间数据仓库的结构以及各组成模块的工作流程;设计了空间数据仓库认知过程的概念框图,并对其认知的基本概念进行描述,着重表述空间数据仓库认知过程的14个世界模型和13个转换算子,并用代数系统给出严格定义.     

Evaluating the fitness for use of spatial data sets to promote quality in ecological assessment and monitoring

This article proposes and illustrates a practical methodological framework to evaluate the fitness for use of spatial data sets for environmental and ecological applications, focusing on user requirements for specified application contexts. The methodology is based on the use of metadata to analyze similarity between the data characteristics and the user’s needs or expectations for several quality indicators. Additionally, the concept of ‘critical factors’ is introduced in this framework, allowing users to define which quality indicators have greater importance given their own requirements or expectations and the specified application contexts. The proposed methodology further allows integrating and interconnecting the spatial data quality (SDQ) evaluation methodology with metadata geoportals in WebGIS platforms, facilitating its operation by users from non-spatial disciplines and with often limited expertise on this subject. Examples of the evaluation of fitness for use for specific application contexts within the project BIO_SOS (‘Biodiversity Multi-SOurce Monitoring System: From Space To Species’ FP7 project) are presented. By providing a prompt and straightforward evaluation tool, the proposed methodology can encourage the implementation of SDQ evaluation routines in ecological assessment and monitoring programs, promoting a more adequate use of geospatial data and ultimately contributing to well-supported policy and management decisions.