城市交通干线对盐城城市发展影响的空间分析

本文以江苏省盐城市为例,通过1990、2000、2010年3期盐城市域遥感影像解译,获取盐城市土地利用变化数据,并采用GIS空间分析技术,评估城市交通干线对城市发展的影响。同时,结合Model Builder建模技术,综合运用缓冲区分析、叠加分析、统计分析等方法进行快速、一站式土地利用变化分析。研究结果表明:(1)以道路沿线5km缓冲区及道路出口10km缓冲区研究范围为最佳;(2)盐城市城市交通干线沿线5km范围内随着相应交通基础设施的建设变化非常剧烈,2000年后,高等级公路、高速公路和铁路改建及新建导致沿线土地利用变化发展迅速,特别是204国道沿线和沈海高速沿线变化最为迅速;(3)盐城市城市交通干线沿线重要交通出口10km范围内的变化也极大,新长铁路盐城站出口周边变化最为迅速。     

The position and role of Wuhan City in the regional economic macro-strategies of China

Taking the development of export-oriented economy (the strength and temporal sequence) as a main line, this paper discusses and analyses the position and role of Wuhan, which is the biggest metropolis in the central China and the middle section of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River basin, in the regional economic macro-strategy of China from a new visual sight. On the basis of the background of a large economic triangle constructed by Hongkong, Wuhan and Shanghai, the paper discusses the relations between Wuhan and Hongkong, Wuhan and Shanghai. The aim of the paper is to provide some new evidences for the development of great regional economy of China under the copropelling of the three great economic pivots. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

平顶山市中生代花岗岩特征及花岗石资源评价

平顶山市南部的中生代花岗岩是伴随华北地块南缘陆内碰撞作用就位的,主要岩石类型为二长花岗岩类,成因类型为Ｈｓ、Ｓ型,各序列起始岩浆的酸度从早到晚有增高趋势,铁族元素丰度偏高,显示该区地壳偏基性的特点,按照花岗石资源评价的标准提出四棵树序列晚期单元是本区花岗石资源最有远景的成矿单元。     

论城市规划和可持续发展的地学环境

城市地学环境主要涉及城市及其周边地区的地壳和地表运动,水环境、地质和地理环境、气象条件等方面及其相应的灾害潜在性的研究、防护,其中也包括了人类活动对地学环境的影响,其范围和深度主要取决于在人类活动中直接和间接移动地球物质的量。强调了在特大城市的可持续发展中,要注意防止和减少其对地学灾害的脆弱性,并指出对其地学环境保护和管理的重要意义。     

龙岩龙崆洞岩溶地质特征及景点成因浅析

闽西龙岩龙崆洞风景区地下岩溶发育，6层水平溶洞与竖洞、斜洞纵横相接，总面积5．4×104m2。景区有大小景点百余处，其成因以碳酸盐岩岩溶为主，兼有花岗岩山岳地貌及动植物景观。     

福安市地质灾害影响因素分析

根据福安市地质灾害复核调查的资料,统计分析了该市十多年来地质灾害发生的现状,研究地质灾害发生与地形（地貌）、岩土体、降雨、人类工程活动等因素的密切关系,总结出大多数地质灾害点分布于自然坡度为25°～45°的陡坡地段,滑坡崩塌发生多为5～8月份的雨季或台风暴雨季节,人类工程活动致灾因素主要是削坡建房等,并提出相关的防治建...     

银川城市湿地的保护与合理开发利用探讨

在城市规划建设中,保护和开发利用好城市湿地对创造城市优良人居环境、实现可持续发展非常重要.以西北干旱半干旱地区银川市为例,阐述了城市湿地开发保护要以维护湿地系统生态平衡、保护湿地功能和生物多样性、实现资源的可持续利用为基本出发点,合理进行多方面开发利用,充分发挥城市湿地在城市建设中的生态、经济和社会效益等指导思想和原则,介绍了针对银川城市湿地特点所设计的挖掘"生态"和"游憩"两大主题的保护利用方法.     

徐州城市形态演变的分形分析

基于城市扩展图和多时相Landsat遥感影像资料，应用分形理论，对1949年以来徐州城市形态的演变进行定量分析，揭示了徐州城市形态在不同时期的扩展特征。结果表明：徐州城市形态具有分形性质，城市形态的演变是多种因素综合作用的结果，尤其与经济发展的周期性变化密切相关。城市形态的演变经历了迅速扩展期、缓慢扩展期、恢复扩张期、快速推进期和稳步扩张期。在空间上，徐州城市形态一直处于外部扩展一轴间填充一外部扩展的循环过程中。在扩展方向上，1987年以前，城市的扩展重心向东北方向转移；1987年以后，扩展重心转向东南方向。     

Research on quantitative assessment of climate change risk at an urban scale: Review of recent progress and outlook of future direction

Cities are not only major contributors to global climate change but also stand at the forefront of climate change impact. Quantifying and assessing the risk potentially induced by climate change has great significance for cities to undertake positive climate adaptation and risk prevention. However, most of the previous studies focus on global, national or regional dimensions, only a few have attempted to examine climate change risk at an urban scale and even less in the case of a recent literature review. As a result, a quantitative assessment of climate change risk for cities remains highly challenging. To fill this gap, the article makes a critical review of the recent literature on urban-scale climate change risk assessment, and classifies them into four major categories of studies which jointly constitute a stepwise modelling chain from global climate change towards urban-scale risk assessment. On this basis, the study summarizes the updated research progresses and discusses the major challenges to be overcome for the seamless coupling of climate simulation between different scales, the reproduction of compound climate events, the incorporation of non-market and long-lasting impacts and the representation of risk transmission insides or beyond a city. Furthermore, future directions to advance quantitative assessment of urban-scale climate change risk are highlighted, with fresh insights into improving study methodology, enriching knowledge of climate change impact on city, enhancing abundance and accessibility to data, and exploring the best practice to provide city-specific climate risk service.     

利用区域边界层模式对杭州市热岛的模拟研究

利用一个三维非静力区域边界层数值模式,对杭州地区城市热岛现象进行了数值模拟。数值模拟结果表明,杭州地区存在明显的城市热岛现象。夏季城市热岛现象较强,春秋季次之,冬季较弱。利用资源卫星遥感资料反演所得的地表温度,以及与地面气象站观测资料和数值模拟结果相比较,数值模拟结果和实测结果吻合得较好。在此基础上,模拟并探讨了人为热源、风速、地面粗糙度等因素对城市热岛强度的影响。