BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的研究框架与展望

中国特色社会主义进入新时代,城乡发展不平衡、乡村发展不充分等问题日益突出,实施乡村振兴战略是解决人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间矛盾的必然要求。发展乡村旅游能够有力地契合和服务新时代国家发展战略,促进农业提质增效、农民增收致富、农村繁荣稳定,加快统筹城乡融合发展步伐,是实现乡村振兴的重要途径。系统梳理国内外乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的相关研究成果,针对内容深度相对薄弱、功能拓展比较泛化、时代特征不够显著等问题,把握新时代乡村旅游发展的新特点、新使命、新要求,充分考虑中国是一个发展中的经济大国、人口大国、农业大国的基本国情,构建了融合地理学、旅游学、经济学、社会学、管理学等相关学科理论的新时代中国乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的研究框架,归纳了乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的五个重点研究内容,即乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的学理和逻辑机理研究、乡村旅游引导乡村经济振兴的路径研究、乡村旅游引导乡村生态宜居的路径研究、乡村旅游引导乡村治理体系重构的路径研究、乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的政策体系研究。五个重点研究内容包括理论层面、实践层面和保障层面,在相互联系、相互影响、相互作用中共同促进城乡融合发展,实现乡村振兴的科学、持续、健康发展。掌握和运用科学的方法论,汲取科学方法论的智慧和营养,构建多方法综合集成的方法体系,确保数据采集的真实性和数据处理的科学性,是新时代乡村旅游引导乡村振兴研究的关键。     

以解决全球问题为导向的地学类专业“遥感原理与应用”课程教学改革研究

本文从全球背景与国家战略层面、学生就业需求与深造层面、国内外主要高校教学现状等方面探讨了“遥感原理与应用”课程教学改革的必要性,分析了教学改革关键问题、目标与内容,提出了教学改革应以陆海统筹为原则,以解决全球性问题为导向,并在实际课程教学过程开展了教学方法的改革,主要体现在教学内容的持续更新、灵活的课程教学形式、加强学科交叉应用等方面。     

基于MGE的勘测信息系统升级方法的研究

随着社会各界对大比例尺空间数据的获取、共享、建库和应用等方面要求的提高,基于MGE平台开发的广州市勘测信息系统,其图形与属性数据分离管理的数据管理模式在数据安全性、数据共享以及数据动态更新等方面已经不能满足当前数据服务的要求,面临升级与改造。文章针对广州市城市勘测信息系统的现状特点,提出了广州市城市勘测信息系统升级的解决方案。     

废弃露采矿山旅游资源的开发利用——以盱眙象山国家矿山公园建设为例

随着我国经济实力的增强和人民对生态环境的要求日趋增高,废弃露采矿山恶劣的生态环境已成为城市发展和生态省建设的瓶颈.本文在废弃露采矿山旅游资源开发利用的必要性和可能性论证的基础上,通过盱眙象山国家矿山公园的建设实例,来探讨废弃露采矿山旅游资源开发利用的前景,为废弃露采矿山环境整治提供新思路、新方法,最终实现废弃露采矿山旅游资源开发与生态省建设双丰收的目的.     

Effect of structural design on fundamental frequency of reinforced-soil retaining walls

The results of a numerical study on the influence of a number of structural design parameters on the fundamental frequency of reinforced-soil retaining wall models are presented and discussed. The design parameters in the study include the wall height, backfill width, reinforcement stiffness, reinforcement length, backfill friction angle and toe restraint condition. The intensity of ground motion, characterized by peak ground acceleration, is also included in the study as an additional parameter. The study shows that the fundamental frequency of reinforced-soil wall models with sufficiently wide backfill subjected to moderately strong vibrations can be estimated with reasonable accuracy from a few available formulae based on linear elastic wave theory using the shear wave speed in the backfill and the wall height. Numerical analyses showed no significant influence of the reinforcement stiffness, reinforcement length or toe restraint condition on the fundamental frequency of wall models. The strength of the granular backfill, characterized by its friction angle, also did not show any observable effect on the fundamental frequency of the reinforced-soil retaining wall. However, the resonance frequencies of wall models were dependent on the ground motion intensity and to a lesser extent, on the width to height ratio of the backfill.     

鲁北坳陷区地热资源开发利用关键性问题研究

鲁北坳陷区地热资源丰富,但由于缺乏有效补给来源,长期过量开采将会引起水位持续下降、地热沉降等地质环境问题。本文在总结区内地热资源开发利用现状的基础上,系统研究了最大允许水位降深、合理布井井距、尾水回灌等影响地热资源合理开发利用的关键性问题。可以看出,在以消耗静储量为主的沉积盆地型地热田,通过科学规划,可以实现地热资源的可持续开发利用,为生态文明建设和发展绿色低碳经济提供动力。     

我国城市设置与区域水资源承载力协调研究刍议

本文分析了我国城市缺水的基本原因，提出我国城市设置应与区域水资源承载力相协调的原则。指出对此应当探索的几个问题是：①我国城市宏观布局与区域水资源条件协调的关系；②在水资源承载力限制下我国城市体系的宏观布局；③不同地区、不同类型城市设置水资源的标准；④城市水资源评价的理论与方法、城市用水的指标体系与预测方法、我国可设置的城市与规模等。     

城市灾害社会脆弱性研究热点问题评述与展望

对城市灾害社会脆弱性研究的热点问题及趋向进行了深入的梳理和总结。研究发现,现阶段社会脆弱性研究已经成为城市灾害脆弱性的重要研究范式,但学者们在城市灾害社会脆弱性综合维度的界定、脆弱性评估方法构建、社会脆弱性与灾害种类相关性判读以及研究尺度选取等方面存在明显的争议。对这些争议进行了深入探讨,并对未来城市灾害社会脆弱性研究进行了展望,以期为中国城市防灾减灾工作提供科学参考。     

土壤盐渍化研究现状及未来研究热点

随着全球气候暖化问题的日益加剧, 土壤盐渍化问题已经成为各国关心的全球性问题, 全球约有7%的土地受到盐渍化的威胁, 而且这个数字还在上升。我国是土壤盐渍化比较严重的国家, 盐渍化土壤面积大, 分布广, 对区域农业发展构成了严重的威胁。本文对70 年来我国土壤盐渍化研究的内容框架进行了梳理和概括, 并结合国内外的相关研究成果对已有研究中存在的不足进行了评述;借助文献数据库和相关数据共享网络对近30 年来国内外盐渍土研究的趋势和总体概况进行了总结, 提出了新形势下土壤盐渍化研究的5 个重点领域和方向, 旨在为今后开展盐渍土研究提供新的思路。