土壤湿度对不规则起伏地表雷电垂直电场传播影响的研究

本文采用二维fractional Brown motion(f Bm)随机分形界面模拟不规则起伏地表,基于Longmire-Scott提出的土壤电参数等效模型(L-S模型),分析研究不规则起伏地表的土壤湿度对地闪回击垂直电场传播的影响。结果表明:(1)地表的不规则起伏程度主要会引起垂直电场峰值的衰减和上升沿时间的滞后。随着地表不规则起伏程度的增大,垂直电场峰值衰减越明显,且波形上升沿时间增长。(2)无论地表不规则程度如何,随着土壤湿度的增大,垂直电场的衰减反而减小。(3)总的来说,地表的不规则程度越大,土壤湿度越小,垂直电场的峰值衰减越大,波头上升沿时间越长。     

庞西垌银金矿床分形性研究

庞西垌银金矿床是以银为主,伴有金、铅锌等有益组份的银金多金属矿床。矿体中银元素的品位—频度分维值,反映了银的空间分布特征。通过分维值的大小,可以判断矿体内银品位的分布变化程度。利用储量分形预测法对矿区内银矿的储量进行预测,得到了满意的效果。     

图象编码的分形基方法

文章介绍了一种用于图象编码压缩的皮亚诺扫描分形基方法。该方法算法简明，实现容易，压缩比达到1/10以上，重构图象保持原图象特征，并具有好的视觉效果。该方法不仅适用于各类航片、遥感图象处理，对地学、生物、医学、军事公安业务以及通讯工程也均适用。     

分形理论在地震学中的应用研究

分形理论是现代非线性科学中一个非常重要的研究领域,它的思想和方法已经渗透到自然科学的各个领域.在过去的二三十年间,分形科学已经有了很大的发展.它在数学、物理学、材料学、地质勘探、股票预测以及计算机和信息科学等各个自然科学领域,都得到了广泛的应用,同时也给地震学的发展注入了巨大的活力.本文首先简要回顾了分形理论的发展历程,然后就其在地震学各领域的应用进行了概括阐述,最后给出了分形理论在地震学中应用前景的展望.     

岩石结构面几何特征的分形与分维

本文引用B.B.Mandelbrot创立的分形几何学这一新理论及其思维方法,对岩石结构面的几何特征,包括规模、隙宽、密度和粗糙度进行分形分析。结果表明,在10~7级范围内,结构面几何特征呈现出很强的自相似性,其分数维分别为0.8272、0.8173和2.1385;粗糙度JRC则由分数维方便地定量地表征。这一客观规律的揭示,对各种尺度结构面几何特征、渗透路线的形态和流速趋势的确定具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。     

分形理论在汶南煤矿红层微孔隙结构特征定量评价中的应用探讨

运用分形理论对汶南煤矿红层的微孔隙发育规律进行了研究,结果表明,该岩层的孔隙分布具有自相似性,分维值是真实地反映孔隙特征的一个综合指标,分形统计方法是岩石孔隙定量描述的有效途径。有关方法、结论等可供进一步探讨。     

地震前兆观测资料的分形处理方法

本文从自仿射分形的角度探讨地震兆汾观测资料的分形处理方法。在对自仿射分形的分维量测方法进行对比分析的基础上，给出了处理地震前兆观测资料较为适用的分形方法和满足计算需要的样本点数，从对部分水氡和地电阻率资料进行了处理分析中，得到了有益的启示：地震前兆时序观测资料可用分形方法处理分析，分维值可反映观测资料的结构变化特征，其作为一个无量纲量为综合对比分析各类前兆现象，探讨地震前兆场的复杂性特征提供了有效     

Fractal models for the fragmentation of rocks and soils: a review

Fragmentation, the process of breaking apart into fragments, is caused by the propagation of multiple fractures at different length scales. Such fractures can be induced by dynamic crack growth during compressive/tensile loading or by stress waves during impact loading. Fragmentation of rocks occurs in resoonse to tectonic activity, percussive drilling, grinding and blasting. Soil fragmentation is the result of tillage and planting operations. Fractal theory, which deals with the scaling of hierarchical and irregur systems, offers new opportunities for modeling the fragmentation process. This paper reviews the literature on fractal models for the fragmentation of heterogeneous brittle earth materials. Fractal models are available for the fragmentation of: (1) classical aggregate; (2) aggregates with fractal pore space; and (3) aggregates with fractal surfaces. In each case, the aggregates are composed of building blocks of finite size. Structural failure is hierarchical in nature and takes place by multiple fracturing of the aggregated building blocks. The resulting number-size distribution of fragments depends on the probability of failure, P(1/bⁱ) at each level in the hierarchy. Models for both scale-invariant and scale-dependent are reviewed. In the case of scale-invariant P(1/bⁱ)< 1, theory predict: D_f = 3 + log [P(1/bⁱ)]/log[b] for classical aggregates; D_f=D_m+log[P(1/bⁱ)]/log[b] for aggregates with fractal pore space; and D_f=D_s for aggregates with fractal surfaces. where b is a scaling factor and D_f, D_m and D_s are the fragmentation, mass and surface fractal dimensions, respectively. The physical significance of these parameters is discussed, methods of estimating them are reviewed, and topics needing further research are identified.