预测细粒酒精模型冰物理和力学参数的实验关系

依据模型冰物理性质控制其力学性质的原则 ,利用能量平衡观点建立了冰内未冻结液体含量同制冰过程中的冰池温度、降温及升温时间、模型冰厚度 (喷雾时间×流量 )的理论关系 ,以其量纲表达式作为预测模型冰物理和力学参数的综合控制指标 ;通过系统测量酒精溶液冰点温度、冰池大厅气温、模型冰温度、冰内未冻液含量、冰密度、冰压缩强度、冰弯曲强度和冰变形模量 ,获得了不同冰点温度模型冰的物理和力学参数同该综合控制指标的实验关系 ;实现了用人为可控制因子定量控制模型冰物理和力学参数的目的     

自动定时编码控制器的研制

本文叙述了笔者研制的“自动定时编码控制器”的工作原理,给出了它的方框图和电路原理图,采用这一技术将旧的非自动化仪表改装成自动定时测量系统,具有成本低,稳定可靠等优点。     

"碧利斯"台风对湘南造成的暴雨洪灾分析

"碧利斯"台风对湖南南部造成了"7·15"特大洪灾。本文简述了湘南暴雨洪灾的破坏情况,分析了本次洪灾的类型、基本特点以及灾区的地质特征;根据东江水库库区13个雨量站的雨量数据,对其暴雨中心的降雨量进行了计算分析;通过资兴市重灾区坪石的Google Earth卫星照片,分析了山洪型洪灾的地形因素。描述了降雨的利弊,最后提出了洪灾预警、水土保持、防洪工程等减灾对策。     

Bottom Sediment Transport in the Flood and Ebb Channels of the Changjiang Estuary

Nanxiaohong and Nangang main south channel are chosen as the typical flood and ebb channels. Hydrodynamics analysis based on field hydrological and sediment data is conducted with Gao-Collins model to analyse sediment transport trends. Also, the grain size distribution analysis of the bottom sediment sampled in Sep. 2001 is used as the base of the analysis. The result shows that the sediment in Nanxiaohong is from the rive mouth area. The sediment transports upwards with the flood flow which is stronger than the ebb flow, i.e., in the direction of SE-WN. The sediment in main south channel comes from upward. They transport downwards with the ebb flow. which is stronger than the flood flow, i.e., in the direction of WN-SE. The directions, sources and mechanism of sediment transport are identified according to comprehensive analyses of the observed data on hydrodynamics and sediment.     

Flood hazards at ford stream crossings on ephemeral channels (south‐east coast of Spain)

Most road‐stream crossings over ephemeral channels are vulnerable to extreme hydrologic events. Ford stream crossings (FSCs) are usually dangerous for the road traffic during periods of high flow, in particular under flash flood conditions. The present paper analyzes the flood hazards on the Mediterranean coast in the Region of Murcia (south‐east Spain), affecting this type of road‐stream crossing over dry channels, according to hydraulic variables and bedload transport rates estimated for discharges at bankfull and flood‐prone stages. Under such conditions, the safety of people and vehicles was obtained using numerical models, developed by previous researchers; in particular, water levels and flow velocities across ford reaches were compared with different trend curves between water depths and corresponding critical velocities for children and adults, and for various prototype vehicles. Specifically, two approaches to assess this type of hazards were proposed: a specific Hydraulic Hazard Index and an algorithm for estimating the flood hazard from criteria of bed stability and bedload transport capacity (Flood Hazard at Fords, FHF). In addition, different exposure levels were established, using a Flood Vulnerability Index, based on the FHF, the road category, and the annual average daily traffic. The FHF model gave the best results with regard to the magnitude of the damage observed in recent flash floods for flow stages similar to those simulated. According to the danger thresholds established for this index, half‐bankfull flows represent here a high risk: 27.3% of FSCs for mini‐cars and 18.2% for large cars. At bankfull, the FHF exhibits very high values for mini‐cars (77.3% of FSCs) and for large passenger vehicles (50% of FSCs), while at the floodprone stage, extreme FHF values are reached for all kinds of vehicles at most of the ford crossings.     

洪水再生稻高产栽培技术研究

2007年7月8—9目,四川省泸县发生了特大洪涝灾害,嘉明和福集2镇洪水淹没面积多达8000hm^2,淹没时间为60-92h,处于不同生育期的水稻受到了不同程度的生长抑制。通过野外追踪调查和示范区比较试验,提出在洪灾后结合水稻生育期、淹没时间、淹水深度、植株长势等指标判断水稻受害程度,并以各指标为依据果断采取相应的抗灾、减灾对策。初步分析认为,蓄留洪水再生稻是行之有效的灾后生产自救措施,同时揭示了早割低留桩、晚割高留桩、早割多施肥、晚割少施肥、保持浅水层和防治病虫害是蓄留洪水再生稻的关键技术。     

云县邦东—景谷民乐地区火山岩型铜矿找矿前景

本区位于滇西特提斯沟—弧—盆构造体系的主火山弧地体中,处于澜沧江褶断束东凸弧形转折处,上三叠统小定西组钙碱性火山碎屑岩、次火山岩含矿,火山机构控制矿体的产出形态,后期构造、侵入体使矿体叠加、富积,矿化类型为火山—次火山岩热液改造矿床;地、物、化、遥等成矿地质条件有利,具有很好的找矿前景。     

云南弥渡苴力地区多金属矿找矿远景

研究区有:与火山岩有关的铜矿、与断裂活动有关的热液脉状铜矿、与基性-超基性侵入岩有关的铂钯(铜、镍)矿等矿产。成矿条件分析表明,弥渡苴力地区具有较好的多金属矿找矿远景。     

浅议建设工程造价全过程控制与管理

论述了建设工程造价全过程控制与管理,它是一个动态过程,分析了建设过程中的投资决策、设计、招投标,施工以及竣工决算等阶段对工程造价进行有效控制和管理的方法与措施,以控制建设工程造价核定的限额,确保投资控制目标实现。     

Shallow water SPH for flooding with dynamic particle coalescing and splitting

In this paper an adaptive algorithm for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) for the Shallow Water Equations (SWEs) is presented. The area of a particle is inversely proportional to depth giving poor resolution in small depths without particle refinement. This is a particular limitation for flooding problems of interest here. Higher resolution is created by splitting the particles, while particle coalescing (or merging) improves efficiency by reducing the number of the particles when acceptable. The new particle coalescing procedure merges two particles together if their area becomes less than a predefined threshold value. Both particle splitting and coalescing procedures conserve mass and momentum and the smoothing length of new particles is calculated by minimizing the density error of the SPH summation. The new dynamic particle refinement procedure is assessed by testing the numerical scheme against analytical, experimental and benchmark test cases. The analytical cases show that with particle splitting and coalescing typical convergence rates remain faster than linear. For the practical test case, in comparison to using particle splitting alone, the particle coalescing procedure leads to a significant reduction of computational time, by a factor of 15. This makes the computational time of the same order as mesh-based methods with the advantage of not having to specify a mesh over a flood domain of unknown extent a priori.