Seismic and field evidence for selective inversion of Cretaceous normal faults, Salta rift, northwest Argentina

Northwestern Argentina was the site of the continental Salta rift in Cretaceous to Paleogene time. The Salta rift had a complex geometry with several subbasins of different trends and subsidence patterns surrounding a central high. Fault trends in the rift were extremely variable. There is evidence of normal and/or transfer faults trending N, NE, E and SE. It is not clear if all these faults were active at the same time, indicating a poorly defined extension direction, or if they formed in different, non-coaxial extension phases. In either case, their trends were very likely influenced by preexisting fault systems. Beginning in early Eocene time, the rift basins were superseded by Andean foreland basins and later became caught in the Andean thrust deformation propagating eastward, resulting in the inversion of rift faults. Due to their different orientations, not all faults were equally prone to reactivation as thrusts. N to NNE trending faults were apparently most strongly inverted, probably often to a degree where the traces of their normal fault origin have become obliterated. We present seismic evidence of moderately inverted N trending faults in the Tres Cruces basin and field examples of preserved E trending normal faults. However, reactivation sometimes also affects faults trending approximately parallel to the main Neogene shortening direction, indicating short-term deviations from the general pattern of Neogene thrust deformation. These pulses of orogen-parallel contraction may be linked to the intermittent activity of oblique transfer zones.     

粉末压片制样-X射线荧光光谱法分析地球化学调查样品测量条件的优化

在X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析中,粉末压片制样是被广泛应用的一种制样方法,但由于存在样品粒度、矿物和基体效应对其测量条件进行优化。本文应用XRF法测量地球化学调查样品中24种主次量元素,综合优化了制样压力、仪器工作电压和工作电流、待测元素分析谱线、探测器的调节和探测效率等实验条件。在最优测量条件下,用土壤和水系沉积物国家标准物质GBW07402、GBW07404、GBW07424、GBW07426、GBW07429验证方法的准确度,结果表明个别元素如GBW07402中的Na2O、GBW07404中的Pb相对误差大于10%,其余元素的相对误差小于10%,但均达到了地球化学调查样品的质量监控要求。经优化的仪器测量条件为我国地球化学调查样品提供了可靠的基础数据。     

Heating of the intergalactic medium by primordial miniquasars

A simple analytical model is used to calculate the X-ray heating of the intergalactic medium (IGM) for a range of black hole masses. This process is efficient enough to decouple the spin temperature of the IGM from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and produce a differential brightness temperature of the order of ∼ 5–20 mK out to distances as large as a few comoving Mpc, depending on the redshift, black hole mass and lifetime. We explore the influence of two types of black holes, those with and without ionizing ultraviolet radiation. The results of the simple analytical model are compared to those of a full spherically symmetric radiative transfer code. Two simple scenarios are proposed for the formation and evolution of black hole mass density in the Universe. The first considers an intermediate mass black hole that form as an end-product of pop III stars, whereas the second considers supermassive black holes that form directly through the collapse of massive haloes with low spin parameter. These scenarios are shown not to violate any of the observational constraints, yet produce enough X-ray photons to decouple the spin temperature from that of the CMB. This is an important issue for future high-redshift 21-cm observations.     

U-Net深度卷积神经网络在沙脊线提取中的应用

沙丘形态演变过程记录着近地表风况与环境演化的历史,然而对其特征研究一直受限于大范围沙脊线提取效率低和成本高等问题.本文基于深度卷积神经网络搭建U-Net模型,实现批量、高精度沙脊线的提取.将数据增强技术、随机失活神经元、批标准化以及迁移学习技术应用于模型训练和参数更新,使得模型的精度更高.结果 表明:U-Net模型以及...     

第二次全国土地调查成果的多比例尺缩编方法研究

第二次全国土地调查于2009年底基本完成,本文针对其成果比例尺单一、不能满足各类不同使用目的的用图要求的问题,提出二调成果的多比例尺缩编方法,并采用语义融合、多义线一体化综合、改进的2维Douglas-Peucker算法等相结合策略,高效准确地完成了缩编任务,对全国其他地方刚刚开展的同类型工作提供了一种较好的思路和借鉴。     

管线网行业GIS应用系统快速开发研究

针对管线网行业GIS应用系统的开发作了研究,分析了快速开发的依据,重点阐述基于可复用构件的软件开发方法和管线网行业领域模型的支持。论述了GIS应用系统在工程领域快速开发的体系结构、数据和操作的集成。实践表明,这种开发模式在GIS工程和应用领域提高了系统的开发效率和质量。     

基于Beamlet变换的直线特征提取

提出了一种基于Beamlet变换的算法,克服了图像中的各种干扰及噪声,试验结果表明其具有较好的实用价值。