较小尺度涡旋与台风的相互作用及其对台风路径的影响

用一个准地转正压模式实施５组积分时间为５天的试验，研究台风环流与较小尺度涡旋之间的相互作用。结果指出，涡旋相互作用可以改变台风环流的非对称结构，进而引起台风移动偏离正常路径。     

裂变径迹定年法中国际标样的年龄测定

第６届国际裂变径迹测定地质年代学术讨论会上推荐标准化刻度裂变径迹定年法，并推荐了几种定年标样。本文通过标准铀玻璃刻度系数定出值，利用外探测器法测定了国际标样中的３种桔石和两种磷灰石的年龄（ＦＣＴ２７．７±０．８Ｍａ，ＢＭ１６．１±０．５Ｍａ，ＴＲ６０．０±３．ＯＭａ，Ｄｕｒａｎｇｏ３０．８±１．９Ｍａ），在误差范围内与参考年龄一致。     

关于大型超大型矿床的概念问题

关于大型超大型矿床的概念，当前还存在着不同的理解和认识，为例于国际对比和协同攻关，作者对有关问题提出：简化分级，统一名称和推行国际国内双轨制，根据成矿的普遍性和特殊性与具体地质条件相结合的原则，建议因地制宜处理好个体与群体，“有兄弟”与“独生子”、单一类型与复杂类型，贫矿与富矿，以有点，线，面的分布形式等问题。     

Fission track ages of Hymalayan muscovites (Kathmandu Valley,Nepal)

Summary Himalayan muscovites from pegmatites of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal yield an age of 2–23 m. y. by fission track (f.t.) method. The uranium concentration is estimated to be 10^–10 atom/atom.     

On statistical models for fission track counts

The statistical basis for the usual analysis of fission track counts obtained by the external detector method is discussed and illustrated with examples. A consequence is that if any observed correlation between counts of spontaneous and induced tracks is due to heterogeneity in the density of uranium, then the model proposed by McGee and Johnson (1979)for assessing the experimental error is inappropriate and results based on it could be misleading. The same remark applies to the method proposed by Johnson, McGee, and Naeser (1979).     

9012号热带气旋登陆后维持不消的动力机制

分析了影响南海的几类台风路径所对的２００ｈＰａ辐散风场和速度热场的特征,发现２００ｈＰａ辐散风场对台风路径有一定的制约作用。主要体现在：（１）２００ｈＰａ辐散风场表征的季风环流结构的差异决定着台风路径扣期趋势;（２）西太平洋副高所对应的辐散风次级辐台线的走向和西伸程度指示着信风特征,影响台风未来的路径;（３）台风一般向辐散中心以外的次级辐散线西侧２个经距的位置移动,用辐散风环流的物理意义和台风受环     

利用锆石裂变径迹研究漠河盆地隆升过程

通过对漠河盆地内32件样品的锆石裂变径迹进行详细分析,锆石单颗粒径迹年龄最大值为143.9±18.7Ma,最小年龄为58±12.1Ma,峰值年龄为92~98Ma和132~138Ma。结合盆地断裂展布及大地构造背景,认为漠河盆地在95Ma和135Ma发生了2次强隆升过程。结合盆地断裂系统、构造特征及区域地质背景,认为自晚侏罗世以来盆地形成受到蒙古-鄂霍次克海碰撞关闭和古太平洋板块俯冲碰撞双重作用的影响,盆地中晚侏罗世(135Ma左右)处于南北向挤压背景,形成东西向展布的前陆盆地;白垩纪中期,盆地处于伸展构造背景,属东北(同)大陆裂谷系的一部分。白垩纪中晚期(95Ma左右),漠河盆地由拉张环境再一次变为挤压环境,盆地形成了又一次的强隆升过程。     

基于HYPACK的矢量航迹线生成方法研究

为了将HYPACK导航软件记录的导航数据用于地理制图,探讨了基于HYPACK原始导航数据的矢量航迹线几种生成方法,并给出了每种方法的具体思路。对这几种方法进行比较发现:按照Global Mapper中矢量文件的文本格式生成矢量航迹线文件最为简单,效率较高;直接编码生成法比较直观、容易理解,但实现效率较低,实现过程较为复杂。在.Net环境下编制了统一框架下生成几种格式的文本文件的小工具,经过验证取得了较好的效果。     

Climatology of Tropical Cyclone Extreme Rainfall over China from 1960 to 2019

Tropical cyclone extreme rainfall(TCER)causes devastating floods and severe damage in China and it is therefore important to determine its long-term climatological distribution for both disaster prevention and operational forecasting.Based on the tropical cyclone(TC)best-track dataset and TC precipitation data from 1960 to 2019,the spatiotemporal distribution of TCER affecting China is analyzed.Results show that there were large regional differences in the threshold for TCER in China,decreasing from the southeastern coast to the northwest inland.TCER occurred infrequently in northern China but had a high intensity and was highly localized.The frequency and intensity of TCER showed slightly increasing trends over time and was most likely to occur in August(41.0%).Most of the TC precipitation processes with extreme rainfall lasted for four to six days,with TCER mainly occurring on the third to fourth days.TCER with wide areas showed a northwestward prevailing track and a westward prevailing track.Strong TCs are not always accompanied by extreme precipitation while some weak TCs can lead to very extreme rainfall.A total of 64.7%(35.3%)of the TCER samples occurred when the TC was centered over the land(sea).TCER≥250 mm was located within 3°of the center of the TC.When the center of the TC was located over the sea(land),the extreme rainfall over land was most likely to appear on its northwestern(northeastern)side with a dispersed(concentrated)distribution.TCER has unique climatic characteristics relative to the TC precipitation.     

2020年西双版纳持续重霾天气成因和来源分析

利用常规气象观测资料、环境监测站点的空气污染物浓度监测资料、欧洲中心(ECMWF)提供的ERA-5逐时0.25°×0.25°再分析资料和NOAA研发的Hysplit后向轨迹模式,分析了 2020年3月29日-4月5日低纬高原的西双版纳地区持续性重度霾空气污染事件的特征、气象成因和污染物颗粒主要来源。结果表明：（1）重度霾污染期间,AQI值及PM2.5浓度值有显著日变化特征,表现为白天低、夜间高。（2）冷空气势力偏弱,脊前暖平流使中低层大气增温,有利于西双版纳地区大气层结的稳定,无明显水汽输送带,整个过程空气湿度较低,连续8天重度霾污染并未出现传统上高湿的气象霾特征。稳定的大气层结和逆温层的存在削弱了大气在垂直方向上的对流交换。（3）受均压场控制,地面和低空风速小,较低的混合层厚度和较小的通风系数等共同作用,使得污染物颗粒在水平和垂直方向上扩散受到抑制,导致污染物颗粒聚集。（4）各污染物浓度值与MODIS/Terra卫星反演东南亚境外火源点数有显著相关性,其中火源点个数与AQI正相关高达0.5。（5）由Hysplit后向轨迹模式表明此次重霾污染过程中颗粒物可能来源主要是缅甸马圭、曼德勒和东枝境外的输入型累积传输。西双版纳位于低纬高原地区,受地形影响,污染物积聚在景洪城区及周边澜沧江河谷地带之后,很难通过水平输送离开,这是也是造成此次连续重度霾污染事件的重要原因。