高强度粗颗粒金刚石的合成技术研究

在高温高压下,六方晶格的石墨转变为立方晶格的金刚石。选用灰分含量少、气孔分布均匀的T621A石墨为碳源,选择化学成分范围偏值小、杂质含量少的镍锰钴合金为触媒以及优质粉压叶腊石为传压介质,在高温、适压、长时间及其它条件下,合成高强度粗颗粒的优质金刚石取得了良好的效果。     

关于数字相位式测距仪的频率改正

本文在分析自动脉冲数字测相基本原理的基础之上，推出了不仅与测距频率有关，而且还与填充脉冲频率及低频测相频率有关的新的频率改正公式，并给出新的频率改正公式与传统频率改正公式之间等同的条件，即有锁相环路（或频率跟踪电路）的正常工作来保证。     

滇黔桂卡林型金矿区水系沉积物和岩石金含量与时空分布

为研究滇黔桂卡林型金矿区水系沉积物和岩石中金的地球化学时空分布及其与金矿规模的对应关系,系统收集了该区1:20万区域化探全国扫面计划水系沉积物和全国地球化学基准计划岩石金的地球化学数据,绘制了水系沉积物和岩石金的地球化学分布图。滇黔桂卡林型金矿区以水系沉积物金地球化学异常面积大于1000 km^2为准,共圈定5处金的地球化学省,这些金的地球化学省同时也是矿床大规模产出的部位。区内右江盆地水系沉积物金背景值(1.94×10^–9)高于扬子克拉通(1.68×10^9),其内以泥岩、页岩、砂岩、灰岩为代表的容矿岩石金背景值(0.51×10^–9)也高于扬子克拉通(0.39×10^–9)。研究区不同构造单元及沉积相中水系沉积物金背景值受岩石金背景值的制约。金的地球化学省是地壳演化过程中不均匀分布的高金背景岩石、金矿化作用及金矿床次生风化作用相互叠加的结果。该研究有助于有效判断异常成因、识别成矿作用存在,对研究金的区域成矿规律和聚焦找矿靶区具有重要意义。     

Direct Observations of Atmospheric Transport and Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange from High-Precision Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide Profile Measurements

The balloon-borne Aircore campaign was conducted in Inner Mongolia,China,on June 13 and 14 2018,which detected carbon dioxide(CO_2) and carbon monoxide(CO) profiles from surface to 24 km,showing strong positive and negative correlations between 8 km and 10 km on 13 and 14 June,respectively.Backward trajectories,meteorological analyses,and CO_2 horizontal distributions were combined to interpret this phenomenon.The results indicated that the source region experienced a stratospheric intrusion and exhibited a large horizontal CO_2 gradient;namely,lower CO concentrations corresponded to higher CO_2 concentrations and vice versa.The laminar structure with multiple origins resulted in the highly negative correlation between CO_2 and CO in the upper troposphere on 14 June.The contribution of stratospheric air mass to the upper troposphere and that of tropospheric air mass to the lower stratosphere were 26.7% and24.3%,respectively,based on a mass balance approach.Another interesting phenomenon is that CO_2 and CO concentrations increased substantially at approximately 8 km on 13 June.An analysis based on the backward trajectory implied that the air mass possibly came from anthropogenic sources.The slope of CO_2/CO representing the anthropogenic sources was 87.3 ppm ppm~(-1).In addition,the CO_2 profile showed that there was a large CO_2 gradient of 4 ppm km-1 within the boundary layer on 13 June,and this gradient disappeared on 14 June.     

Detection, excision and statistics of interference at the Mauritius radio telescope

A technique to detect man-made interference in the visibility data of the Mauritius Radio Telescope (MRT) has been developed. This technique is based on the understanding that the interference is generally ‘spiky’ in nature and has Fourier components beyond the maximum frequency which can arise from the radio sky and can therefore be identified. We take the sum of magnitudes of visibilities on all the baselines measured at a given time to improve detectability. This is then high-pass filtered to get a time series from which the contribution of the sky is removed. Interference is detected in the high-pass data using an iterative scheme. In each iteration, interference with amplitudes beyond a certain threshold is detected. These points are then removed from the original time series and the resulting data are high-pass filtered and the process repeated. We have also studied the statistics of the strength, numbers, time of occurrence and duration of the interference at the MRT. The statistics indicate that most often the interference excision can be carried out while post-integrating the visibilities by giving a zero weight to the interference points.     

Une dépression piézométrique naturelle en hausse au Sahel (Sud-Ouest du Niger)A rising piezometric depression in the Sahel (southwestern Niger)

In southwest Niger, the Continental Terminal water table displays a natural hollow shape about 10 m in depth over an area of 4000 km². A 10-year survey of this hollow aquifer has shown that current recharge is above $\text{20 }\text{mm}\text{yr}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}$. The water table has risen continuously since the 1950–1960s as a result of land clearance. This shows a disequilibrium in the aquifer balance. The long-term recharge rate is estimated by radioisotopes to be around $\text{1 }\text{mm}\text{yr}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}$. This figure fits with the only possible origin of the piezometric depression, i.e. evapotranspiration losses in its centre. To cite this article: G. Favreau et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 395–401.     

Conceptual problems with remote element synthesis

The notion of remote element synthesis has recently been modified to explain the presence of nucleogenetic isotopic anomalies and decay products of short-lived nuclides by injection of a small amount ofexotic nucleogenetic material. Even with this modification, remote element synthesis seems inconsistent with the following observations:

1-（4-硝基苯基）-3-（3，5-二溴吡啶）三氮烯的合成及其与镍的显色反应

合成了1-(4-硝基苯基)-3-(3,5-二溴吡啶)三氮烯(NPDBPDT),并研究了NPD-BPDT与镍的显色反应。在pH 10.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液介质中,表面活性剂Triton X-100存在下,镍与试剂生成摩尔比为1∶4的络合物在470 nm处有最大正吸收峰,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.02×105L.mol-1.cm-1;在540 nm处有最大负吸收峰,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.15×105L.mol-1.cm-1;以540 nm为参比波长、470 nm为测量波长进行双波长测定,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.17×105L.mol-1.cm-1。镍含量在0~480μg/L内符合比尔定律。方法用于合金样品中镍的测定,结果与原子吸收法相符,加标回收率为98.0%~102.0%;精密度小于5%(RSD,n=6)。     

GIS公路地质环境评价研究

地质环境评价是公路环境评价中一项重要的内容,但公路地质环境定量化的影响评价至今报道甚少。该文根据高速公路通过区地质环境特点,提出了一套用于地质环境评价的指标体系,叙述了公路地质环境评价的基本技术流程,以地质环境评价空间图形信息和属性信息为基础建立系统数据库,利用GIS系统的空间分析能力,评价道路地质环境影响的研究思路。