孙虎地区埋藏史分析及与油气关系研究

埋藏史研究是含油气系统研究的核心内容 ,是研究油气的生、运、聚及成藏过程的关键。在区域背景分析的基础上 ,定量计算了孙虎地区各地层单元的剥蚀厚度 ;通过压实、剥蚀恢复动态地分析了源岩层的埋藏史 ;结合源岩生烃门限分析 ,分析了单井和平面上源岩的生、排烃期。认为孙虎地区存在 3种类型的埋藏史 ;由于二次沉降的幅度小 ,未能超过第一次沉降的幅度 ,所以本区不存在二次生烃问题     

元素有机相态的提取技术及应用

通过成矿元素的溶解、再迁移及在地表形成各种活动相态的过程,探讨利用元素有机相态勘查隐伏金属矿床的机理,并介绍元素有机相态的提取技术及矿例。     

The beginnings of decameter radio astronomy: pioneering works of Semen Ya. Braude and his followers in Ukraine

S.Ya. Braude (1911–2003) was the well‐known radio astronomer, one of the founders of low‐frequency astronomical research in the world, in particular in the former Soviet Union. He began to work in this field of science in 1957, in Kharkiv city (Ukraine), from the design and manufacturing small decameter interferometer ID‐1 and ID‐2. Since that time Braude and his team have developed more sophisticated radio decameter telescopes as UTR‐1 and UTR‐2 (the largest in the world till now) as well as the first decameter VLBI network URAN. They have obtained some important pioneering results about low‐frequency radio emission of objects in our Solar system, Galaxy and Metagalaxy by means of these telescopes. In this paper the key events of early history of decameter radio astronomy research in the former USSR are mentioned with emphasizing the role of S. Braude. For the period of 1957–1962, the quotations of Braude's Personal Diary (2003) are first laying open to the public. The most important results obtained by S.Ya. Braude and his followers as well as perspectives of decameter radio astronomy in Ukraine and in the world are highlighted briefly. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Summary lecture

This summary lecture makes no attempt to summarize what was actually said at the meeting, since this is well covered by the other contributors. Instead I have structured my presentation in three parts: First I try to demonstrate why the Sun is unique by comparing it with laboratory plasmas. This is followed by some personal reminiscences that go back a significant fraction of the century. I conclude in the form of a poem about this memorable conference in honor of the centennial anniversary of the Kodaikanal Observatory.     

“GEOGRAPHY IS TWINNED WITH DIVINITY”: THE LAUDIAN GEOGRAPHY OF PETER HEYLYN

ABSTRACT. This critical history of geography looks to the political concepts that historical actors held and analyzes the incorporation of these concepts into geography. Peter Heylyn, who politicized his geographical books Microcosmus (1621) and, still more, Cosmographie (1657), followed William Laud's characteristic brand of High Church Anglicanism, avowedly hostile both to Roman Catholicism and to Calvinist forms of Protestantism, while upholding an ideal of the Church of England as both independent and apostolic. Further, Laudians were stalwart defendants of monarchy as a divine institution. This Laudian vision of church and state informed Heylyn's geographical works, which goes against a received wisdom that they are divorced from his polemical historical, political, and theological tracts. We thus recover the politics of early modern geography as contemporaries might have understood them.     

华北东部地区盆地叠合特征与古生界生烃史

华北东部地区下古生界沉积了海相碳酸盐岩潜在的烃源岩,上古生界发育良好的煤系气源岩。由于经历了多期次、不同规模盆地的多种样式的叠合,其间又经历多期次的抬升、剥蚀与改造,因此,不同地区的古生界烃源岩生烃史具有显著的差异。地层对比和上古生界RO特征指示研究区北部的济阳坳陷具有较厚的三叠系原始沉积,三叠纪盆地的叠合对古生界烃源岩生烃史具有重要影响。依据盆地叠合方式、上古生界热演化程度,将上古生界生烃史划分为三叠纪、侏罗纪-白垩纪、早第三纪以来等3个阶段,分别对应生烃史的早期、中期和晚期,早期浅埋、中期抬升、晚期深埋型地区的“二次生烃”潜力大,如济阳坳陷和东濮凹陷。上古生界盆地的均衡面式叠合使下古生界的热演化程度比上古生界至少高0.3%以上,因此,在三叠纪末下古生界基本达到生烃高峰,在一定程度上损耗了其原始有机质并降低其“二次生烃”潜力。     

中国地理学史上的一次大断裂——兼评《汉书·地理志》

先秦地理学有着考察自然、研究自然的传统,而且在这方面取得了辉煌的成就。汉代及其以后的中国古代地理学基本上丢失了这个传统,始作俑者为东汉班固。西汉董仲舒的“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”,不但排斥或扼杀了其他诸子百家,也摧残了先秦儒家注重自然的传统。班固著《汉书·地理志》,屈从当时的潮流,忽视先秦时期“山川,地理也”的传统,赋予“地理”另一种含义,即以记述疆域、政区的建制置和沿革为主,而把山川等自然知识作为附庸,使以后的中国古代地理学走上侧重地理沿革考证、记述社会历史和社会状况之路,形成内容上以史学地理、经学地理、沿革地理为主体的中国传统地理学。先秦地理学与秦汉地理学之间存在一个大断裂。这个大断裂影响了中国古代地理学取得的成就,并使中国古代地理学无法发展衍生出近代地理学。     

再论广西桂西、桂西北高峰丛热带岩溶发育历史

本文借助桂西、桂西北岩溶高峰丛洼地区内一些不同时代堆积物,对该区热带岩溶发育历史作了一些研究,其结论基本与笔者以前的推论相一致。即桂西、桂西北高峰丛洼地热带岩溶可能由侏罗纪就开始,早白垩纪基本奠定了本区岩溶地貌雏形,以后的岩溶发育是在此地貌雏形基础上的继承发育,一直至今。从中、上新世以来由于两个地壳活动期,使该区更为强烈上升,岩溶垂向发育得到了加强,形成了现在广西最年轻的高峰丛洼地地区。