柴达木盆地北缘滩间山群新厘定

滩间山群是柴达木盆地北缘早古生代重要的火山-沉积建造,总体为一套绿片岩相和强烈变形岩石。基于野外地质特征、古生物组合、同位素年龄、构造-热事件和火山-沉积演化等的综合分析,笔者认为滩间山群形成于早—晚奥陶世,同位素年龄在496~440Ma。重新厘定的滩间山群从老到新岩石地层单位有:早—中奥陶世火山-碎屑岩组;晚奥陶世沉积岩组;晚奥陶世熔岩-次火山岩组。原滩间山群c岩组(紫色砂砾岩组)变质微弱,仅达千枚岩相,与晚奥陶世熔岩-次火山岩组间呈角度不整合接触。其中的泥质岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄为313±1.0Ma(代表其千枚岩相的变质年龄),将其从滩间山群中剥离,归属早志留世。新的层序总体反映柴北缘早古生代经历了大陆裂谷开合的演化过程。     

羌塘北部拗陷东段晚三叠世地层沉积特征对比

研究区内晚三叠世土门格拉群（组）、结扎群、巴塘群分布于长江源各拉丹冬地区南北两侧,夹于金沙江缝合带南侧和前缘隆起带之间,呈NW向带状分布.笔者在1：25万区域地质调查基础上,通过实测剖面的详细研究和区域对比,从生物群面貌、岩石类型及其组合、基本层序和沉积相角度进行了分析.沉积古地理格局显示出总体南浅北深的特点,南部靠近羌塘盆地中央隆起带,陆源物质供应丰富;向北至雀莫错一带因远离中央隆起,陆源物质供应相对较少,泥、灰岩增多,灰岩中化石丰富,双壳类、菊石类等生物群得以快速发展;沿北东,靠近金沙江缝合带,受其活动影响而表现出火山活动频繁.这3个群（组）可很好对比,基本特征相同,因此认为是同一地质时期同一构造单元不同构造部位之沉积产物.     

青海南部治多-杂多-带下石炭统杂多群

在青海南部治多-杂多-带1／25万地质填图中，对杂多群进行了重新划分，自下而上分为下碳酸盐岩组、碎屑岩组和上碳酸盐岩组。下碳酸盐岩组为深灰色中层状生物屑灰岩、鲡粒灰岩夹泥岩、细粒石英砂岩，属于台地边缘浅滩相；碎屑岩组为灰色中层状细粒石英砂岩、泥岩夹灰岩、玄武岩，属于三角洲相、陆棚相和台地边缘浅滩相；上碳酸盐岩组为灰色中厚层状生物屑灰岩，见燧石结核和条带，为陆棚相和台地相沉积。丰富的筵类、非筵有孔虫、珊瑚化石，表明杂多群地质时代为早石炭世大塘期-德坞期。根据岩性组合、生物群面貌杂多群与青海南部杂多-囊谦地区杂多群、西藏东部昌都地区马查拉群可很好地对比。     

The Relationships between Effective Porosity,Uniaxial Compressive Strength and Sonic Velocity of Intact Borrowdale Volcanic Group Core Samples from Sellafield

The effective porosity, saturated sonic velocity and saturated uniaxial compressive strength were determined on a large number of Borrowdale Volcanic Group volcaniclastic core samples from three boreholes at Sellafield, Cumbria. The work formed part of the UK Nirex Limited site investigation into whether the Sellafield area could be suitable as a repository for intermediate and low level radioactive waste. Most of the intact samples were of low to very low effective porosity, had a high sonic velocity and were very strong to extremely strong. However, a proportion of values deviated significantly from this. Bivariate analysis showed a negative relationship exists between sonic velocity and effective porosity. The cross plots of these two parameters with uniaxial compressive strength showed a wide range of strength values for samples of low effective porosity and high sonic velocity. Six failure types were identified during the uniaxial compressive strength tests. The strongest samples tended to fail through the matrix and the weakest rock samples tended to fail through haematized material or along haematized veins. Effective porosity and sonic velocity measurements could not distinguish between those samples that failed through the matrix and those that failed along discrete narrow veins. The presence of narrow haematized veins has a major effect on the intact rock strength.     

武当地块耀岭河群中两类不同性质的酸性火山岩研究

耀岭河群火山岩中可划分出两类不同性质的酸性火山岩:酸性岩A主要属碱流岩-白碱流岩类,酸性岩B主要属流纹英安岩/英安岩类。总体上看二者主量元素组成差异不大:SiO2含量为65.00%～79.85%,(Na2O+K2O)为5.26%～9.68%。强烈富集Th、Nb、Ta、La、Ce、Nd、Zr、Sm和Hf等微量元素,强烈亏损Ba、K、Sr、P、Ti等元素,稀土元素特征表现为∑REE很高(339.94～1152.85μg/g),具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.18～0.32),与典型的大陆裂谷流纹岩的稀土曲线一致。酸性火山岩B显示K、Rb、Ba、Th和LREE的正异常和Sr、P、Ti和Nb的负异常,Eu具弱负异常(δEu=0.64～0.88),表现出与酸性火山岩A迥然不同的微量元素及稀土元素特征,而与耀岭河群基性火山岩相似,显示其成因可能与之有相同源区。     

滇西南涧地区无量山岩群变质英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

滇西南涧—云县一带广泛出露的无量山岩群是一套与三江特提斯造山带密切相关的中低变质沉积岩夹火山岩系,其形成时代、沉积充填序列及大地构造属性一直存在争议。出露于南涧县公郎乡一带的无量山岩群发育有厚数厘米的变质英安岩夹层。对变质英安岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,分别获得428.7±8.7Ma的岩浆结晶年龄和338～387Ma、250.5±8.1Ma、146.0±6.0Ma的变质年龄。认为无量山岩群原始沉积岩形成于志留纪,在古特提斯洋俯冲过程中,经历古生代造弧而发生区域变质作用,在白垩纪受热事件影响而发生热变质作用;同时还获得2034±22Ma、1140±16Ma、731±15Ma及469～522Ma的单颗粒锆石年龄,这些年代峰值与整个扬子陆块西缘获得的前寒武纪、古生代构造热事件年龄及分布特征基本可以对比;记录了Columbia、Rodinia和Gondwana超大陆的形成与裂解过程。     

西藏埃永错东地区区调成果与展望

根据1∶5万区域地质调查有关规范和技术要求,在西藏埃永错东地区开展了1∶5万区域地质调查.通过对岩石地层、年代地层、生物地层、层序地层和事件地层等多重地层的划分与对比,重新厘定了古生代、中生代地层形成的时代和地层序列,并将特殊岩性层以非正式填图单位进行了表达;系统查明了区域地层、岩石、构造特征和成矿地质条件;首次在晚三叠世日干配错群中新识别出晚侏罗世一早白垩世雪山组;建立了测区二叠系多重地层划分方案;重新厘定了日干配错群基本层序和物质组成,将日干配错群进一步划分为2个组;新解体出31个侵入体、8个潜火山岩地质体和多条中酸性脉体;查明了区内断裂、褶皱等构造性质、时代、序次及空间配置关系,建立了测区构造格架和构造样式;新发现金属矿(化)点18处,找矿靶区2处.     

Paleomagnetism of the earliest Cretaceous to early late Cretaceous sandstones, Khorat Group, Northeast Thailand: Implications for tectonic plate movement of the Indochina block

A total of 400 samples (33 sites) were collected from the earliest Cretaceous to early Late Cretaceous sandstones of the Khorat Group in the Indochina block for paleomagnetic study to unravel the tectonic evolution of the region. The sites were adopted from 3 traverses located in the northern edge of the Khorat Plateau, northeastern Thailand. Results indicate that almost all the sandstones exhibit similar magnetic values with an average declination (D) = 31.7°, inclination (I) = 30.3°, λ = 59.7°,  = 190.9°, K = 54.4, and A₉₅ = 3.7 at reference point 17°30′N and 103°30′E. The calculated paleolatitude points are inferred to deviate from the present latitude point by 1.2 ± 2.3°. Only the lowermost part of the Cretaceous sandstones can pass a positive fold test at 95% confidence level. The relationship between the virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) of Cretaceous rocks of the Indochina plate in Thailand and those of the South China plate advocate that there is a major displacement of Indochina along the northwest-trending Red River and associated faults by about 950 ± 150 km with a 16.0–17.0° clockwise rotation relative to the South China plate during earliest Cretaceous times. Paleomagnetic results of the early Late Cretaceous Indochina plate point to a 20–25° clockwise rotation relative to the present occurring since very Late Cretaceous (65 Myrs)–Early Neogene times which may be due to the collision between India and Asia.     

中国西藏南部喜马拉雅相的乐平统

西藏南部二叠系色龙群,曲布日嘎组等“喜马拉雅相”地层产有冈瓦纳区系的以Siriferella rajah,Taeniothaerus densipustulatus,Neospirifer(Neospirifer)kubeiensis和Retimarginifera xizangensis为典型代表的腕足动物群。其组成和演进层序与属于冈瓦纳大陆北缘的巴基斯坦盐岭的Wargal组上部和Chhidru组,克什米尔的Zewan组,印度斯匹提Kuling页岩上部的Gngrei组,尼泊尔西北部的Senja组和澳大利亚西部Hardman组的很接近;时代曾被归入瓜达鲁普世或乐平世早期等,分歧较大。近年来在盐岭等地发现这一冈瓦纳区系动物群明显高于乐平世一部牙形类Clarkina dukouensis带,并与菊石Cyclolbus和有孔虫Claniella动物群共生。由此推定整个色龙群或曲布组和曲布日嘎组都应属于乐平统,它与上覆三叠系以牙形类化石Hindeodus parvus和菊石Otoceras出现为界,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘乐平世沉积的一个三级地层层序。层序以海进初期沉积的低水位体系域的曲布组石英砂岩为标志,其顶界则为比二叠系－三叠系界线略低的一个快速海进面。