论热动平衡判据有关的几个问题

对平衡态和线性准平衡态的稳定性及其与力学中相关概念的相似问题作了论述，并就蒸气中液滴的不稳定性进行了讨论。     

东营市浅层卤水资源开发现状及开采潜力分析

采取环境地质调查、水位测量、水样分析、土样分析、抽水试验等多种工作手段,对东营市卤水开采现状进行了详细调查,分析总结了卤水资源开采对地质环境的影响,并结合开采现状,进行了浅层卤水资源开采潜力分析,为当地合理布局开发提供了依据。     

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天山北坡三工河流域中山带森林发育与气候土壤的关系

开展干旱区山地森林发育状况及其土壤因素影响的分析,对干旱区乃至全球山地森林带的成因研究具有重要的理论意义。以天山北坡三工河流域为研究区,主要利用森林调查与遥感影像数据,确定该流域森林带的分布状况,并结合流域气象与土壤采样数据,重点分析气候土壤因素对森林发育的影响。结果表明:1.该流域森林带位于海拔1 510～2 720 m,胸径与树高随海拔增加呈双峰曲线;其中胸径两个峰值分别位于约海拔2 000 m与2 550m,而树高峰值分别为海拔2 100 m与2 600 m,均稍高于胸径的峰值海拔高度;2.在森林带内,年均温随海拔高度增加呈线性下降趋势,最冷月均温(1月)则表现先增加后减小趋势;与其他地区相比,该流域高山林线年均温较高,最冷月均温相差较大,而最热月均温差异不明显;年降水量呈先增加后减小的趋势,且在海拔2 000 m左右达到最大值。土壤属性随海拔递增呈规律性的变化趋势:森林带内海拔约2 000～2 700 m树木发育较好,其有机质、全磷及全氮含量较高;CaCO3,pH值及电导率最小值与海拔2 000 m的最大降水带恰好吻合;土壤A层(0～10 cm)有机质、全磷及全氮含量与B(10～30 cm)、C(>3...     

Late Holocene slip rate and average recurrence interval of great earthquakes on the Shangzhi segment of the Yilan‐Yitong Fault Zone,northeastern China: Constraints from paleo‐earthquakes and historical written records

The Yilan‐Yitong Fault Zone (YYFZ) is considered to be the key branch of the Tancheng‐Lujiang Fault Zone (TLFZ) in northeastern China. Although the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic deformation of the YYFZ has been studied intensively over the past century, few estimates of slip rate and recurrence interval of large earthquakes in the late Quaternary, which are the two most important parameters for understanding the potential seismic hazard of this crucial structure, were obtained. Based on integrated interpretations of high resolution satellite images and detailed geologic and geomorphic mapping, linear landforms were identified, including fault scarps and troughs, along the Shangzhi segment of the YYFZ, which exceeds 25 km in length. Synthesized results of trench excavations and differential GPS measurements of terrace surfaces indicate that two events (E1, E2) occurred along the Shangzhi segment during the late Holocene, which resulted in 3.2 ±0.1 m of total vertical co‐seismic displacement with clear features of thrust motion. ¹⁴C dating of samples suggests that event E1 occurred between 440 ±30 years BP and 180 ±30 years BP and that event E2 occurred between 4 090 ±30 years BP and 3 880 ±30 years BP, which indicates that the minimum vertical slip rate of the Shangzhi segment of the YYFZ has been approximately 0.8 ±0.03 mm/year during the late Holocene. Constraints from paleo events and the slip rate suggest that the average recurrence interval of major earthquakes on the YYFZ is 3 800 ±200 years. Historical documents in Korea show that event E1 possibly corresponds to the earthquake that occurred in AD 1810 (the Qing Dynasty in Chinese history) in the Ningguta area, which had surface‐wave magnitude (Ms) of 6.8–7.5. Studies of kinematics show that the right‐lateral strike‐slip with a reverse component has been dominant along the YYFZ during the late Holocene.     

南堡凹陷东营组同沉积构造活动性与沉积格局的配置关系研究

应用构造-层序地层分析的思维,通过构造格架与地层格架的关联分析,对南堡凹陷东营组沉积充填样式与过程、控制要素进行了综合研究。通过沉降史分析,并结合区域构造演化特征,古近纪可划分为4个次级构造幕。凹陷内断裂发育,同沉积断裂及其时空配置关系对凹陷内结构和沉积体系类型及其展布起着重要的控制作用。控凹断裂直接控制了局部构造带的可容纳空间变化和古地貌形态,从而形成不同的沉积展布特征。高柳断层是南堡凹陷内最为重要的二级断裂,其活动始于Es1沉积时期,在东营组沉积时期活动最为强烈。在东营组沉积时期,高柳断层将凹陷分为南、北两个独立的沉积系统,尤其在Ed3沉积期其强烈的翘倾作用使高柳地区成为一个孤立的湖盆,直接影响到了高柳地区的沉积充填。根据东营组沉积时期同沉积断裂组合样式划分出4种断裂坡折带:断崖型、断坡型、同向断阶型和反向断阶型,为研究南堡凹陷东营组同沉积断裂对沉积格局的控制作用提供了有利的指导,具有重要的石油地质意义。     

宁夏中北部地区沙尘暴天气发生过程中的不稳定条件分析

从沙尘暴的形成条件入手，对宁夏中北部地区近30a来沙尘暴天气发生过程中的不稳定条件进行了较为详尽的分析。结果表明：沙尘暴发生三前，大气的不稳定性明显增强；沙尘暴天气发生时不稳定性主要发生在700hPa以下，最为突出的是850hPa以下；沙尘暴发生过程中不稳定性达到最强。     

夏津县黄河故河道区土地沙化及防治

土地沙化问题的存在,不仅破坏了自然生态环境,而且对人民群众的生产和生活造成严重的影响。本文就夏津县黄河故道风蚀沙化地的发育现状、危害程度及形成原因进行分析,并提出了防治对策。