下辽河盆地和辽西及内蒙地区部分浅部断层判别特征的研究

将理论分析与野外资料解释相结合,对断层判别依据作进一步讨论。通过对下辽河盆地和辽西、内蒙地区部分浅部断层数字化记录资料的正、反演计算,作了运动学特征和动力学特征分析,得出有益结论。     

一种有效的结构动态参数识别方法

本文以优化算法中单纯形法为基础,提出了一种只有利用实测的结构模态部分信息识别其结构参数的方法。数值计算表明,该算法具有良好的精度和适用性。     

论桩基动力检验法

本文扼要地论述桩基动力检验方法中桩质量诊断及单桩承载力确定的理论,依据及其适用范围,有助于正确运用这一检验方法为工程建设服务。     

翡翠鉴赏概述

较系统和全面地介绍了翡翠的基本特征,翡翠原石的4种玉质构成一皮、翡、地、翠。指出翡翠玉质评价应考虑的7个因素－颜色、质地、透明度、瑕疵、绺裂、大小及做工。还介绍了翡翠常见的几种人工处理品及常见的仿冒品、代用品及它们的初步鉴别方法。     

Solar EUV line identifications from delayed beam-foil spectra

A number of electric dipole transitions from low-lying long-lived levels in Si-, P- and S-like ions of Fe and neighbouring elements have been identified by their longevity in delayed EUV spectra after foil excitation of fast ion beams. Some of these new identifications pertain to previously unidentified lines in solar flare spectra.     

准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子凸起原油类型与油源

准噶尔盆地西北缘南部红车断裂带- 车排子凸起油气藏众多,原油物理化学性质和地球化学特征十分复杂,原油类型及其来源长期存在很大争议。本文在准噶尔盆地不同时代烃源岩生成原油典型地球化学特征与主要油源判识指标归纳总结的基础上,对红车断裂带- 车排子凸起原油地球化学特征和来源进行系统分析研究,将该区域原油分为五类,其中三类原油分别来源于二叠系湖相烃源岩、中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩,另外两类为混合原油,分别为来源于二叠系湖相烃源岩的生物降解稠油与中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩生成的正常原油和古近系湖相烃源岩生成的正常原油的混合原油。红车断裂带石炭系—白垩系油藏原油主要来源于沙湾凹陷二叠系湖相烃源岩,车排子凸起东北部春风油田稠油来源于沙湾凹陷二叠系湖相烃源岩;车排子凸起东侧- 红车断裂带西侧新近系沙湾组油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷古近系湖相烃源岩;车排子凸起中部春光油田白垩系—古近系油藏稠油为二叠系来源稠油和侏罗系正常原油的混合原油,新近系沙湾组油藏稠油为二叠系来源稠油与新近系正常原油的混合原油;车排子凸起西部石炭系—古近系油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩,而新近系沙湾组油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷古近系湖相烃源岩。本文对准噶尔盆地西北缘南部地区油气藏成藏研究及区域油气勘探决策具有重要参考作用。     

结构损伤初步定位的简便方法

提出将基于动态特性的检测方法与局部物理检测手段相结合的探伤思路。利用动力学方法进行实时监测及损伤区域的粗略定位,再由物理探测方法实现损伤程度和位置的精确判断,从而降低对动态检测方法的精度要求。此外,文中尝试直接由结构的动力响应信号构建能量指标识别结构损伤的方法,不需要进行模态参数识别,算法简单,有望应用于海洋平台、高层建筑等可简化为串联多自由度体系的结构的实时监测和损伤初步定位。     

Uncertainty assessment of ephemeral gully identification,characteristics and topographic threshold when using aerial photographs in agricultural settings

Manual digitizing on aerial photographs is still commonly used for characterizing gully erosion over large areas. Even when automated detection procedures are implemented, manual digitizing is frequently being resorted to in order to constitute reference datasets used for training and validation. In both cases, manual digitizing entails some subjective decisions on behalf of the operator, which introduces uncertainty into the resulting datasets. To assess the magnitude of this uncertainty, 11 experienced operators were asked to digitize and classify ephemeral gullies (EGs) on cropland following a standardized methodology. The resulting 11 datasets were compared in terms of number, type and location of EGs. Furthermore, for EGs located on a well‐defined runoff flow concentration axis, the slope versus contributing area topographic thresholds required for initiating gully channels were assessed using four thresholding methods, and compared across the 11 datasets. The operators identified 259 different EGs. However, the number (52–139) and sum total length (8.9–23.7 km) of EGs varied widely across operators. Only 34% of the EGs were digitized by more than half of the operators, and 7% were identified by all. Identification of EGs located on a well‐defined flow concentration axis proved least subjective. The longer the EG and the more fields the EG crossed, the larger the number of operators that were able to identify it. EGs were also most easily identified when located in sugar beet fields as compared to other crops. EG classification and topographic threshold lines were also found to be strongly operator‐dependent. Quantile regression appeared to be one of the most robust thresholding methods. Operator subjectivity when digitizing EGs on orthophotographs introduces uncertainty that should be taken into account in future remote sensing‐based studies of EG erosion whenever they rely, in part or in full, on manual photograph interpretation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于ASTER数据的岩溶地下水天然出露点信息提取与识别

在已有研究区水文地质资料的基础上,进行基于ASTER数据的岩溶地下水天然出露点信息的提取与识别.根据研究目标,以ASTER数据为信息源和调查工具,制定相应的图像处理和分析流程,增强与岩溶地下水天然出露点信息相关的影像特征;应用热红外遥感理论和技术,以ASTER数据热红外波段为信息源,借助岩溶地下水天然出露点与其他地物的温度差异,探索它们之间的可分性;结合ASTER数据可见光/近红外、短波红外波段的解译成果,进行岩溶地下水天然出露点信息识别.     

震后经济损失及人员伤亡快速预估方法

为快速了解破坏性地震发生后建筑物破坏所造成的人员伤亡和经济损失,合理投入救灾所需人、财、物,便于领导决策和指挥,提出震后经济损失和人员伤亡快速预估方法。依据地震发生的基本参数、地震地质条件等预估灾害范围、建筑物破坏程度、经济损失、人员伤亡等情况,给出地震发生早期影响尺度的快速预测结果。