贵州三穗龙湾铀矿床地质地球化学特征及成因

三穗龙湾矿床位于黔中-湘西北铀成矿带内,是近年勘查发现的贵州第一个大型碳硅泥岩型铀矿床。本文对龙湾铀矿床开展了矿物学、地质地球化学及矿床成因等方面研究。结果表明,该矿床矿石中的原生铀矿物主要为沥青铀矿,表生条件下形成的次生铀矿物较发育,主要有硅钙铀矿、硒铅矿、钛铀矿及铀酰磷酸盐矿物等,它们以纳米-微米级粒状(粒径多10μm)、细脉状或隐晶质形式赋存于有机质、粘土矿物等聚铀矿物中;成矿物质主要来源于赋矿层位,可能有少量来自基底岩浆岩,成矿流体为深部流体与大气降水的混合;铀及共伴生元素的富集与炭质泥岩中富含有机质、磷矿物、铁矿物、粘土矿物密切相关;铀矿形成受层位(老堡组)、岩性(炭质泥岩)、构造(三穗向斜及斜切向斜的断层、层间断层)、围岩沉积环境(陆缘裂谷、裂陷的海相还原沉积环境)等因素控制,经历了雪峰期海底喷流作用下形成含矿岩系过程中铀的初始富集→燕山-喜马拉雅期板内伸展构造背景下淋滤、热液叠加改造再富集的成矿过程,后生成矿特征明显,矿床属沉积-热液叠加改造型。本文研究成果对推进黔东地区铀矿成矿预测和找矿勘查,丰富碳硅泥岩型铀矿成矿理论具有重要意义。     

Titanite: A potential solidus barometer for granitic magma systems

Constraining crystallization pressure and thus intrusion depth of granites in various geodynamic settings remains challenging, yet important to further our understanding of magma system and crustal evolution. We propose that titanite, which is a common accessory in metaluminous and weakly peraluminous granites, can be used as a barometer if it crystallized in magmatic, near-solidus conditions and in equilibrium with amphibole, plagioclase, K-feldspar, quartz, biotite, and magnetite ± ilmenite. Titanite Al₂O₃ increases with pressure (P) according to: P (in MPa) = 101.66 × Al₂O₃ in titanite (in wt%) + 59.013 (R² = 0.83) with estimated uncertainties of ~±60 to ~±100 MPa for crystallization between ~150 and 400 MPa. We highlight that the current calibration dataset is limited, and that systematic experimental studies are needed to rigorously quantify the relation. The most important use of this empirical barometer will be for rocks in which amphibole is present but significantly altered, or in combination with amphibole barometry, as titanite can be easily dated by LA-ICP-MS.     

湘东北仁里- 传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩岩相学、地球化学特征及成矿时代

湘东北幕阜山地区由东北向西南,稀有金属矿化种类由单一至复杂,成矿规模逐渐增大,显示出明显的空间规律性。本文选取幕阜山地区西南部岩浆分异演化程度最高、矿化种类最复杂的仁里-传梓源稀有金属矿床,开展典型伟晶岩脉矿物学、地球化学及云母Ar-Ar年代学研究,旨于揭示Be-Nb-Ta-Li-Cs伟晶岩地球化学特征,探讨其与花岗岩围岩成因关系,并限定矿床稀有金属成矿时代。仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩脉表现出相对富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.11%～14.02%,平均9.4%)、过铝质(A/CNK=1.04～2.26,平均为1.4)的特征,微量、稀土元素含量极低,总体上富集Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr等高场强元素(HFSE),相对亏损Ba、Sr等离子亲石元素(LILE),不相容元素Rb、Cs、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等的强烈富集表明岩浆分异演化程度极高。矿物学及地球化学特征显示,仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩脉由边部至核部分异演化程度逐渐升高,但其化学指数与花岗岩围岩相比表现出较明显的突变关系。结合野外接触关系、年代学等证据,推断围岩二云母花岗岩并非稀有金属伟晶岩母岩。仁里-传梓源矿床显示出稀有金属岩浆-热液两阶段成矿的特征,伟晶岩中锂云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为125.0±1.4 Ma,代表了岩浆分异演化晚阶段,近热液体系中稀有金属聚集成矿的时代。     

东沟坝多金属矿床喷流沉积成矿特征的稀土元素地球化学示踪

为了进一步研究东沟坝矿床的喷流沉积成矿特征,对东沟坝矿床矿石及围岩的稀土元素进行了ICP-MS测定。东沟坝矿床矿石普遍显示明显的Eu正异常和弱的Ce负异常,说明成矿热液为温度较高(250℃及其以上)、相对还原的流体。Eu正异常和弱Ce负异常同时在矿石中发育,说明矿石沉淀时较高温度的热流体与少量的海水发生了对流混合。根据矿石与围岩的稀土配分模式的相似性及矿石铅、硫同位素组成特征,推断成矿金属元素主要来自赋矿围岩。根据矿石中大量发育重晶石和矿石普遍具有的LREE富集、明显的Eu正异常和弱Ce负异常的事实,推断同生成矿流体中大量SO4^2-的出现与岩浆脱气作用有关。     

八家子多金属矿床岩石和矿石稀土元素特征及成矿物质来源

八家子矿区岩石及矿石的稀土元素特征表明,圣宗庙岩体、八家子岩体为同源岩浆侵入体,草沟英交流纹斑岩与上述两岩体在物质来源上具有相关性;炉沟、瓦房沟、碱厂及宽帮岩体亦来自同一岩浆系统。成矿作用主要与炉沟及瓦房沟岩体有关,但成矿物质除岩浆源外,还部分地来源于混合花岗岩及地层。     

Structural-tectonic features of accommodation deposits of mineral waters of Azerbaijan and their complex development

The geological structure of the territory of Azerbaijan is characterized by numerous mineral waters of various chemical, gas, microcomponental structure, temperature and medical properties which are distributed over the territories of the Republic and their physical and chemical features are closely connected to the geostructural conditions of the individual districts in which they are found.     

昆明东川区播卡金矿地质

播卡金矿紧邻小江深大断面西侧，系省内目前发现、赋存于中元古界昆阳群地层中的最大金矿之一。根据获得的资料，以已知金矿段为重点，系统介绍播卡金矿的地质特征、成矿规律及找矿标志。     

全球镍资源分布及云南镍矿床

根据近年全球镍矿勘查和开发资料，简述镍资源的全球分布，并对当前主要开发的硫化镍矿床的成因类型进行分类。以我省金平白马寨镍矿、墨江镍矿为例，介绍岩浆熔离、风化壳型镍矿两种成因类型矿床，指出后者的开发利用应加强选矿技术的研发。     

Climate induced changes in the circulation and dispersal patterns of the fluvial sources during late Quaternary in the middle Bengal Fan

From a transact along 15‡N latitude in the middle Bengal Fan, temporal and spatial variations in the granulometric parameters and clay minerals in¹⁴C dated box cores from the eastern, the central and the western regions were studied to determine climate induced changes in the hydrography. Clay assemblages have spatial and temporal changes and are markedly different in the eastern and the western bay. From a high abundance of the clay smectite, which has its major source in the Deccan Basalt in peninsular India, it is inferred that the western bay is predominantly a depocenter of ‘peninsular sources”. The eastern and the central regions of the bay, however, mostly receive sediments of the ‘Himalayan source’. Related to unstable climate, the reported dominant illite-chlorite (I + C) assemblage in the eastern region of the bay (I + C > 60% smectite <15%), between 18 and 12.6 ka BP, points to a predominant supply from the Himalayan sources through equatorwards dispersal by the winter hydrography. Higher smectite, and reduced clays of the Himalayan sources (smectite > 25%; I + C > 45%) are reported also after 12.5 ka BP from the eastern bay. These are interpreted as evidences of an intensified SW monsoon and associated change in the dispersal pattern by stronger summer monsoon hydrography which supports across bay dispersal by anticyclonic gyre. The influence of climate on hydrographic changes is consistent during the short events of arid climate (weak NE monsoon) in Holocene in core 31/1 (western bay), in which the enhanced contents of the clays of the Himalayan sources are observed (smectite < 40% I + C > 50%). These findings have implications for climate regulated influence of fluvial processes over the areas, hitherto, considered unaffected by the Indian peninsular fluvial sources     

云南绿春牛波金矿构造-岩浆控矿作用

构造-岩浆活动与牛渡金矿有明显的成矿时空配置关系，是控制该区金矿形成和分布的重要地质因素。