海洋电磁法勘探油气的三维正演模拟

针对海底可控源电磁法( MCSEM) 在油气资源勘探中的实用性,应用矢量有限元进行了多种频率的水平电偶源发射电磁场识别油气层的实例研究,并利用矢量有限元对海底的3D 模型进行了正演数值模拟。利用MCSEM 能较好地识别油气层; 归一化后的电场曲线特征表明,浅海下不易测得油气层,在实验频率内,电场源频率越高对油气层识别能力越强。同时证实了MCSEM 识别油气层是建立在波导理论基础上的。     

地铁车站洞桩法开挖中板下土体的侧向作用研究

为得到在开挖过程中围护桩受到的弯矩和侧向位移随开挖深度变化的规律,对比分析不同断面在开挖中板下土体过程中加撑与不加撑对围护桩内力和位移的影响,采用了GTS软件对中街车站PBA法开挖中板下土体进行二维分析,确定了钢支撑的间距和位置,得出了加撑后围护桩所受的最大弯矩及侧向位移都有较大幅度的减小的结论,其中最大弯矩能减少27．8％,侧向偏移最多能减少31．7％。     

考虑边界波浪方向的缓坡方程自适应求解模型

缓坡方程是描述近岸波浪运动较好的数学模型之一。在发展的自适应有限元求解缓坡方程的基础上,采用迭代求解的方法,确定波浪相对于边界的入射方向,从而对边界条件进行改进,建立了求解缓坡方程的数值计算模型。典型算例表明,考虑波浪相对于边界的入射角度后,模型可以更好地模拟吸收波浪边界,同时对多向波对双突堤的绕射进行了模拟研究,与试验结果比较表明,所建立的数值计算模型能够适用于多向不规则波传播过程的模拟研究。     

A variationally consistent hyperstatic reaction method for tunnel lining design

In this technical note, a consistent finite element formulation of the Hyperstatic Reaction Method (HRM) for tunnel linings design is proposed by introducing a variational consistently linearized formulation. It permits to consider a nonlinear interaction between a lining structure and the surrounding ground. Recent advances of the HRM in regard to the consideration of the nonlinear response of the segmented tunnel lining exposed to design loads use an iterative algorithm for solving the nonlinear system of equations. In the proposed Variationally consistent Hyperstatic Reaction Method (VHRM), a distributed nonlinear spring model representing the interaction between the lining and the ground soils is considered in a variationally consistent format. Computing the tangential spring stiffness via consistent linearization, and using Newton-Raphson iteration, requires significantly smaller number of iterations as compared to the original HRM model based on nodal springs. Furthermore, the method is applicable for simulations using solid finite elements (2D and 3D), as well as beam or finite shell elements, respectively.     

The Continuum Voronoi Block Model for simulation of fracture process in hard rocks

In this paper, a numerical model is presented to represent the fracture process in hard rocks based on a pseudo-discontinuum method called the Continuum Voronoi Block Model (CVBM). To validate this tool, numerical models for one Brazilian test, one unconfined compression test, and multiple triaxial compression tests with different confining stress were calibrated to match laboratory test results for Creighton granite. The model proved robust and matched the following macro-properties: crack initiation (CI) stress, (CD) stress, peak strength, tensile strength, Young's Modulus, and Poisson's ratio. The calibrated model served as a basis for a sensitivity study to analyze how micro-properties influence the rock's macroscopic responses. From the sensitivity study, a calibration methodology was proposed, which shall facilitate the use of the CVBM in future works.