滇西大理—剑川地区钾玄质岩浆作用：后碰撞走滑拉伸环境岛弧型岩浆作用的地球化学研究

岩石学、元素地球化学研究表明，在滇西大理－剑川地区分布的富碱斑岩群属钾玄质系列岩石，具有产出于与红河－哀牢山走滑剪切带伴生的早第三纪拉张盆地中，这套钾玄质系列岩石富集大离子亲石元素LILE（Rb,Ba,K,Sr），轻稀土元素（LREE）和一组相容元素（Cr,Ni,V,Sc），具有明显的Nb,Ta,Ti,P负异常，反映了后碰撞岛弧型钾玄岩系特征。钾玄质母岩浆主要源于含金云母的尖晶石相地幔橄榄岩低度部分熔融，并在演化过程中经历了充分的分离结晶作用。     

大地电磁测深资料在思茅坳陷基底构造特征研究中的应用

通过对思茅盆地21条剖面，计1007个测点的大地电磁测深资料的分析认识，采用有效视电阻率数据对剖面进行反演处理，继而从电性特征方面对坳陷的双重基底构造进行了研究。研究成果表明：坳陷内中生界侏罗系、元古宇浅中变质岩是剖面构造层追踪和划分的标志层；基底平面特性上除中央凸起外，呈现自东西两侧向中央逐步下降的三级构造格局；古生界沉积变质基底的起伏与结晶基底间有一定的继承关系，但局部起伏范围、位置因多期的构造运动而表现较大区别。     

从生物地层学到大地构造学——以华南奥陶系和志留系为例

生物地层学是地层学中最基本的也是应用最广泛的一个分支学科。通过多年来对华南扬子区、江南过渡带到珠江区奥陶纪和志留纪生物地层学的研究 ,不但完善了地层的精确对比 ,而且结合岩相、生物相的研究 ,还对广西运动的始末提供了准确的时限 ,从而延伸到大地构造学的研究领域中 ,把区域性的构造问题和全球构造联系起来     

论湘中晚二叠世含煤建造南北相区的差异及其成因

通过对湘中牛马司、保和堂、洪山殿、笠山和桥头河等矿区晚二叠世龙潭组含煤建造的研究,建立了南部三角洲沉积相区和北部湖-潮坪沉积相区,详尽的论述了两相区的差异。指明了同沉积构造是控制两个相区的重要因素,同沉积构造与聚煤作用的关系。沉积相区的建立有重要的理论意义和现实意义。在湘中涟邵煤田龙潭组含煤建造中同沉积构造普遍存在,而且具有控煤作用。     

花岗岩与地壳厚度关系探讨

文中首先从板块构造与大陆构造的对比出发,指出板块构造主要研究洋壳,洋壳主要研究玄武岩,玄武岩主要研究构造环境.大陆构造主要研究陆壳,陆壳玄武岩少花岗岩多,因此,花岗岩在大陆构造研究中具有特殊的地位.由于花岗岩比玄武岩复杂得多,其中尤以源岩和深度对花岗岩的影响最大,是大陆花岗岩研究最重要的课题.文中接着讨论了Sr和Yb的...     

Structure and geochronology of the southern Xainza-Dinggye rift and its relationship to the south Tibetan detachment system

The Xainza-Dinggye rift is one of several north-south trending rifts in central and southern Tibet created by Cenozoic east-west extension during Indo-Asian convergence. The southern part of the rift cuts through the Tethyan and High Himalayas. In the Tethyan Himalaya, this rift consists of an early domal structure and a late normal fault developed during the progressive deformation. The dome is cored by leucogranitic plutons that intruded during extension. Muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of the mylonitic leucogranite indicate that extension in the Tethyan Himalaya began at 8 Ma or before. In the High Himalaya, the rift is controlled by a normal fault dipping to the southeast. This fault has a structural constitution similar to a detachment fault. Its lower block is made up of mylonitic High Himalayan gneiss, intruded by early mylonitic leucogranite sills and late less-deformed biotite-bearing leucogranite dikes. Mica ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of these leucogranites and the retrograded metamorphosed gneiss of the lower block range from 13 to 10 Ma. In the study area, the south Tibetan detachment system (STDS) is a ductile shear zone composed of mylonitic leucogranite that is intruded by less-deformed leucogranite and overlain by low grade metamorphic rocks. Mica ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of leucogranites in the shear zone and schist from the detachment hanging wall indicate a protracted deformation history of the STDS from 19 to 13 Ma. The Xainza-Dinggye rift is younger than the STDS because it offsets the STDS; this north-south trending rift belongs to a different tectonic system from the east-west striking STDS, and may be caused by geological process related to India–Asia convergence. This temporal and spatial relationship of the STDS to the rift may indicate an important change in tectonic regime at 13 Ma in the building of the plateau.     

前寒武纪地球演化的主要地质特征及可能模式

前寒武纪地壳以其独特的岩石组合以及构造类型在地球演化的进程中扮演着举足轻重的作用,本文简要描述了前寒武纪地球演化中的特殊地质现象,并讨论其蕴涵的地球演化的可能的因果联系和时空关系。针对前寒武纪地球演化研究中的焦点问题,本文对可能模型的优缺点进行了一一论述。前寒武纪一级构造模式可能经历了由垂直方向运动为主的地幔柱模式向由水平方向运动为主的板块构造模式的转变。对于前寒武纪板块运动存在的检验,硬玉和红宝石则是很好的板块构造指示矿物。根据太古宙克拉通与元古宙克拉通之间的几何关系与时空演变的联系,笔者等认为2.4~2.2Ga很有可能是前寒武纪构造模式发生转折的关键期。其间发生的全球冰期事件和超级大陆的形成并无很强的相关性,但与海平面的高低直接相关,这很有可能是大洋块体俯冲下沉至地幔引起海水"倒灌"所致。此后,地球表壳岩的刚性特征即发生了变化。     

吉黑东部中生代两种机制的碰撞构造

吉林、黑龙江东部地区中生代存在两种机制的碰撞构造，即由南北陆块碰撞（华北古板块与张广才—佳木斯地块）所形成的近东西走向的构造（古洞河—富尔河碰撞带）和东部地体向陆缘增生挤压所产生的南北走向的褶皱—推覆构造。前者由早期构造杂岩带及叠加于其上的印支期韧性剪切带和推覆构造所代表，后者是在印支期的褶皱和糜棱岩化带之上发育的推覆构造。两种碰撞构造的主要发育时期为晚中生代（Ｊ＿３—Ｋ）。     

The Grenvillian Songshugou ophiolite in the Qinling Mountains, Central China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogenic belt

The Qinling Mountains in Central China mark a gigantic composite orogenic belt with a complex tectonic evolution involving multiple phases of rifting and convergence. This belt separates the North China and South China Blocks and consists of the South and North Qinling terranes separated by the Shangdan suture. The suture is marked by the Grenvillian Songshugou ophiolite along the southern margin of the North Qinling terrane, which is key to understanding the Proterozoic tectonic evolution of the belt. The ophiolite consists of highly metamorphosed ultramafic and mafic rocks. Three groups of meta-basalts are present: group 1 rocks are LREE depleted and have a MORB compositional affinity. Their low Ta/Yb ratios (<0.1) are consistent with high degrees of partial melting of a depleted asthenospheric mantle. Rocks of group 2 have higher TiO₂ (1.63–2.08 wt%) and Ta/Yb ratios (>0.12), and display slight enrichment of LREE, suggesting that the original magmas were derived from a depleted mantle source mixed with some enriched material. Samples from group 3 are enriched in LREE and other incompatible elements (Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb), suggesting derivation from an enriched mantle source, possibly a plume. All the basalts have high εNd(t) (+4.2 to +6.9), variable εSr(t) and high ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios for given ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios. These characteristics are compatible with formation at a mid-ocean ridge system above an anomalous Dupal mantle region. The mafic rocks have a Sm–Nd whole-rock isochron age of 1030 ± 46 Ma.The Songshugou ophiolite was emplaced onto the southern margin of the North Qinling terrane, an active continental margin from the Meso-Proterozoic to Neo-Proterozoic.     

太行山造山带岩浆活动特征及其造山过程反演

太行山造山带被大多数学者称为构造岩浆带，被认为是中生代环太平洋岩浆弧的组成部分．立足于太行山地区燕山期侵入岩类的研究和对比，以岩浆起源、岩浆演化的最新理论作为基础和主线，采用从宏观→微观→宏观的分析对比手法，对不同时期、不同区段侵入岩类的岩石化学、地球化学特征及其反映的成因信息作了详细对比，从而提出了“太行山型”造山带的概念及其形成模式．认为太行山造山带属于一种新的造山带类型，受控于板缘俯冲作用的远距离效应．造山作用以强烈的岩浆活动为标志，以陆壳的双向增厚为特征