华南新元古代裂谷系沉积超覆作用及其开启年龄新证据

黔东南1∶5万高武幅、宰便幅区域地质调查结果表明,新元古界下江群是一套沉积超覆于中元古界四堡群之上的裂谷系楔状地层,其底部甲路组沉积底砾岩高角度(不整合)沉积超覆于四堡群复理石浊积岩之上,或沉积超覆于侵入四堡群之中的摩天岭花岗岩之上。取自该地区沉积超覆面之下摩天岭花岗岩样品的TIMS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为825.0±2.4Ma,表明该地区新元古代裂谷系开始接受沉积的时间应该晚于825±2.4Ma;而取自沉积超覆面之上甲路组底部同沉积基性火山岩样品的TIMS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为814±13Ma,这一年龄大致代表了该地区新元古代沉积超覆的开启时间,且与目前已获得的华南其它地区新元古代裂谷系沉积超覆的开启时间(820Ma)十分接近。本项研究成果支持华南裂谷系沉积超覆的开启时间为820Ma左右的观点。     

秦岭造山带商南-西峡地区富水杂岩的变辉长岩中斜锆石与锆石U-Pb同位素年龄的差异

秦岭造山带富水杂岩体的一些变辉长岩含有粒度较大且U、Pb含量较高的斜锆石和锆石,是U-Pb同位素测年的极好矿物.对该杂岩体的中粗粒角闪黑云辉长岩中的斜锆石和锆石分别进行了SHRIMP法和TIMS法U-Pb同位素年龄测定,获得斜锆石和锆石的U-Pb同位素年龄分别为501.4 Ma±1.2 Ma和480.0 Ma±3.4Ma,两者相差约20 Ma.对该岩石中部分斜锆石向锆石转化的现象及锆石的成因进行了初步研究,认为斜锆石的U-Pb同位素年龄应解释为秦岭富水杂岩中基性岩石的形成时代,而锆石的成因及其U-Pb同位素系统在变质作用过程中的变化比较复杂,对其U-Pb同位素年龄地质意义的合理解释需做进一步的研究.     

南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩地球化学特征及其年龄

南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩的形成环境和时代一直存有争议。本文通过对蛇绿岩基性熔岩的主量、微量和同位素地球化学研究,结果表明库勒湖蛇绿岩具N-MORB特征,推测其形成于小洋盆环境。基性辉长岩中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学的研究表明425±8Ma古亚洲洋南缘南天山一带存在一小洋盆。     

金顶矿床古元古锆石SHRIMP年龄的发现及其地质意义

利用兰坪盆地内金顶矿床容矿围岩中的锆石,在SHRIMPⅡ上获得了一组1800～2000Ma的古元古代U-Pb年龄信息,认为它很可能来自扬子基底;由锆石的形态特征判断,它们未经强烈改造和长距离迁移,暗示该盆地形成和演化过程中有老物源物质的参与,为探讨三江造山带、兰坪盆地的大地构造演化及扬子原地台基底边界的划定、金顶超大型矿床成因的探讨提供了新的证据.     

藏南邛多江地区二长花岗岩^40Ar-^39Ar同位素年龄及其地质意义

本文以藏南邛多江变质核杂岩中花岗岩类侵入岩体为研究对象,分别对仲格耐和倾日二长花岗岩环(株)中的新鲜黑云母样品进行了~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar 同位素年龄测定。仲格耐二长花岗岩环黑云母样品的坪年龄和等时年龄分别为(13.30±0.32)Ma 和(12.90±2.90)Ma,而倾日二长花岗岩株黑云母样品的坪年龄和等时年龄则为(12.35±0.14)Ma 和(12.37±0.26)Ma。与倾日岩株相比,仲格耐岩环黑云母样品的坪年龄值相对较高些,暗示了其相对较早的形成时间。考虑到倾日二长花岗岩株形成之后基本未遭受到明显构造-岩浆活动影响,因此,12Ma 也许代表了黑云母的结晶时间,属中喜马拉雅时期构造-岩浆活动的产物。确切地讲,邛多江变质核杂岩及有关花岗岩类侵入岩的形成时间不是老第三纪的渐新世,而是新第三纪的中新世。本区花岗岩类侵入岩形成时代的确定,对于探讨本区中酸性岩浆岩的形成过程和揭示藏南拆离构造体系的动力学机制均具有重要意义。     

阿尔金山东段山前砾石钙膜累积速率及其在估算断层活动年代方面的应用

干旱－半干旱地区冲洪积物顶面土壤中发育的砾石钙膜含有明显的年龄信息,其工及由统计计算得到的累积速率可用来估算所在冲洪积物或土壤的形成年代。     

Bomb C time history recorded in two modern stalagmites — importance for soil organic matter dynamics and bomb C distribution over continents

Carbon 14 activity measurements made by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry on two modern stalagmites from the Han-sur-Lesse cave (Belgium) and from the Postojna Cave (Slovenia) permit the construction of ¹⁴C activity (a¹⁴C) time series over the last 50 years. A high precision chronology is given by annual laminae in the first stalagmite and by a specific mark (explosion in the Postojna Cave in 1944) in the second one. In both stalagmites, ¹⁴C activity increase due to nuclear tests in the atmosphere is remarkable. However, instead of a sharp peak like the one observed in the atmosphere around 1963–1964, the ¹⁴C activities of the stalagmite CaCO₃ show an abrupt increase, with an offset of 1–10 years, followed by a high activity plateau for the Han-sur-Lesse sample and a slight decrease for the Postojna sample. For both stalagmites, the variation of the a¹⁴C amplitude between pre- and post-bomb period is much lower than the atmospheric record, which demonstrates the damping effect of the soil carbon reservoir. We have modeled the CaCO₃ activities using fractionation processes between atmosphere CO₂, soil CO₂ and organic matter (OM), dissolved inorganic carbon and stalagmite CaCO₃. In both cases studied, the model and former soil studies suggest that CO₂ from soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, which has a slow turnover (i.e. >1 y), is of major importance in winter, when the development of speleothem is the most important. Combined with the fact that 80–90% of the stalagmite carbon comes from soil CO₂, this produces a damping effect on the speleothem a¹⁴C. Consequently, the ‘geochemical time resolution', at least for speleothem carbon, is much lower than the structural resolution given by annual laminae alternations and is mainly controlled by soil carbon dynamics: a¹⁴C and δ¹³C are smoothed over several years. Differences between the ¹⁴C time series of the Han-sur-Lesse and Postojna stalagmites are likely to be due to the double amount of precipitation in Postojna, which produces a faster soil OM turnover and thus a ‘system' which is more sensitive to atmospheric changes.     

华南地区中生代花岗岩同位素地质数据分析及岩浆—构造活动时段

本文对华南地区２３０Ｍａ以来的花岗岩同位素地质数据进行了统计,结果表明：总体上存在自西北向东南渐新趋势,并由一次趋势面分析得到佐证。     

小秦岭(陕西境内)高山河群与小河岩体接触关系及时代探讨

本文对小秦岭（陕西境内）高山河群与小河岩体的接触关系性质,从点到面,从微观到宏观进行了扼要的论述,并明确指出二者非侵入接触,而应是沉积不整合接触,在此基础上探讨了小河岩体的时代。     

热电离质谱铀系法测定碳酸盐标样

用高精度热电离质谱（ＴＩＭＳ）铀系法测定碳酸盐标样的年龄,测定结果与α谱仪铀系法进行比较,铀含量和年龄值均吻合。方法对Ｕ的回收率可达９５％,Ｔｈ为９２％。ＴＩＭＳ铀系法具有样品用量少、测试时间短、精度高的优点。