地理国情普查地表覆盖数据分类方法研究

对三种常见的地理国情普查地表覆盖数据分类方法进行了试验比较,得出在遥感影像质量、基础地理信息数据、遥感样本和技术人员水平等不同的条件下,三种方法的适宜使用条件,对普查生产实际具有现实指导意义。     

江西省国土资源厅数据灾备系统建设实践

随着江西省国土资源信息化建设的不断深入,国土资源数据积累不断丰富,对数据存储系统有更高的需求,建设一套高性能、高安全性、高可靠性、可扩展性的集中存储系统,实现数据的本地灾备和异地容灾成为信息化建设的当务之急。鉴于此,江西省国土资源厅采用数据镜像、数据备份和连续数据保护（CDP）等技术,开展厅数据中心的灾备系统建设,并进行了系统演练,效果良好。     

基于ArcGIS Engine的IPoint Collection接边检查法的研究

在对DLG成果进行接边质量检查过程中,可选用的接边质量检查软件不多,而仅用到的几个接边质量检查软件都存在一些问题。本文提出了基于ArcGIS Engine的IPointCollection接边检查法,该方法简单、智能、严谨,输出结果指向明确,判断准确,减少了疑似问题个数,可提高质量检查效率。     

关于Stokes公式的球面卷积和平面卷积的注记

讨论了Stokes公式球面卷积和平面卷积形式的近似性和严密性问题,分析了Stokes函数球面卷积形式和平面卷积形式的关系,推导了其间的差值表达式,估算了最大差值及其对计算大地水准面差距的误差影响。同时指出,将顾及Stokes函数全项的平面卷积公式称为严密公式的提法,仅仅是相对仅顾及Stokes函数首项的简单平面卷积公式而言,认为更合理的提法应该是"高精度Stokes平面近似卷积公式"。理论分析表明,球面卷积不可能严格转化为等效的平面卷积。     

基于重力场模型的平均扰动场元的严密计算方法

卫星重力技术的进步为建立高精度的全球重力场模型提供了可能，该技术包括卫星测高、卫星重力梯度和卫星跟踪卫星等。而在建立扰动场模型的过程中一般要采用移去—恢复技术，该技术的核心是从已知的重力数据中减去根据参考重力场模型计算的扰动场元，并在最后的成果中加入移去部分对应的扰动场元。但在移去、恢复的过程中往往利用扰动场元在格网中心点的值乘以菜平滑因子代替扰动场元在该格网上的平均值，不可避免地引入了系统误差。从勒让德微分方程和勒让德函数的定义出发，详细研究了利用重力场模型计算扰动场元在格网上的平均值的方法，该方法在利用卫星测高资料反演海域重力异常中的应用表明，重力异常的精度得到了进一步提高。     

Precise geoid determination over Sweden using the Stokes–Helmert method and improved topographic corrections

 Four different implementations of Stokes' formula are employed for the estimation of geoid heights over Sweden: the Vincent and Marsh (1974) model with the high-degree reference gravity field but no kernel modifications; modified Wong and Gore (1969) and Molodenskii et al. (1962) models, which use a high-degree reference gravity field and modification of Stokes' kernel; and a least-squares (LS) spectral weighting proposed by Sj?berg (1991). Classical topographic correction formulae are improved to consider long-wavelength contributions. The effect of a Bouguer shell is also included in the formulae, which is neglected in classical formulae due to planar approximation. The gravimetric geoid is compared with global positioning system (GPS)-levelling-derived geoid heights at 23 Swedish Permanent GPS Network SWEPOS stations distributed over Sweden. The LS method is in best agreement, with a 10.1-cm mean and ±5.5-cm standard deviation in the differences between gravimetric and GPS geoid heights. The gravimetric geoid was also fitted to the GPS-levelling-derived geoid using a four-parameter transformation model. The results after fitting also show the best consistency for the LS method, with the standard deviation of differences reduced to ±1.1 cm. For comparison, the NKG96 geoid yields a 17-cm mean and ±8-cm standard deviation of agreement with the same SWEPOS stations. After four-parameter fitting to the GPS stations, the standard deviation reduces to ±6.1 cm for the NKG96 geoid. It is concluded that the new corrections in this study improve the accuracy of the geoid. The final geoid heights range from 17.22 to 43.62 m with a mean value of 29.01 m. The standard errors of the computed geoid heights, through a simple error propagation of standard errors of mean anomalies, are also computed. They range from ±7.02 to ±13.05 cm. The global root-mean-square error of the LS model is the other estimation of the accuracy of the final geoid, and is computed to be ±28.6 cm. Received: 15 September 1999 / Accepted: 6 November 2000     

对流层传播延迟改正

介绍了流层大气折射对GPS信息的影响及修正方法，着重讨论了各种天顶延迟计算方法和投影函数模型；通过试算，并分析比较这些模型的差异，得出了一些有益的结果。     

道路曲线的中、边桩坐标统一计算模型及应用

提出了缓和曲线的圆曲圆心坐标统一公式，用曲线圆心坐标和对称性，完整地推导出道路曲线无间断计算，中，边村同时测设的数学模型，在数学工作中得到高交利用。     

Transformation from Cartesian to Geodetic Coordinates Accelerated by Halley’s Method

By using Halley’s third-order formula to find the root of a non-linear equation, we develop a new iterative procedure to solve an irrational form of the “latitude equation”, the equation to determine the geodetic latitude for given Cartesian coordinates. With a limit to one iteration, starting from zero height, and minimizing the number of divisions by means of the rational form representation of Halley’s formula, we obtain a new non-iterative method to transform Cartesian coordinates to geodetic ones. The new method is sufficiently precise in the sense that the maximum error of the latitude and the relative height is less than 6 micro-arcseconds for the range of height, −10 km ≤ h ≤ 30,000 km. The new method is around 50% faster than our previous method, roughly twice as fast as the well-known Bowring’s method, and much faster than the recently developed methods of Borkowski, Laskowski, Lin and Wang, Jones, Pollard, and Vermeille.     

大地主题解算方法综述

大地主题解算是大地测量中的重要问题,由于椭球的复杂性,随之产生的解算方法也是多种多样。本文分析了大地主题解算的一般方法及其公式的适用范围,指出了它们的特点和不足,讨论了现今常用解算方法存在的问题和进一步的研究方向。