西准噶尔包古图Ⅴ号岩体围岩蚀变的特征及ETM+蚀变信息的提取

以新疆西准噶尔包古图Ⅴ号岩体为例,系统论述了包古图Ⅴ号含矿岩体的围岩蚀变分带和蚀变期次。结合ETM+数据的特征,选择多种遥感图像预处理方法组合,建立了基于典型蚀变矿物的特征光谱拟合技术的多光谱遥感蚀变信息提取模型,即遥感数据的归一化处理(Calibration )+掩膜(Mask)+混合像元分解(Endmember Unmixing)+波谱拟合(Spectral Feature Fitting)+ SAM+分类(分割)的CES模型。据此模型对岩体进行信息提取,并与化探资料叠加验证了该方法的可行性,取得了较满意的效果。     

山东招远栾家河断裂北段表土矿物蚀变特征

经过对栾家河断裂北段表土矿物成分鉴定和化学分析,该研究区的表土来自经受过低温(<150℃)中至弱碱性热液作用的岩石,主要由斜长石、钾长石、白云母、石英、风化成因的高岭石和热液叠加而成的蒙脱石等矿物混合而成.根据表土矿物蚀变特征与已知矿化带顶部表土特征的对比,工作区内高岭石矿物主要为风化成因,而蒙脱石系热液作用而成.从蚀变粘土矿物特征推断,其深部存在热液金矿化.     

Deriving Optimal Exploration Target Zones on Mineral Prospectivity Maps

This paper describes a quantitative methodology for deriving optimal exploration target zones based on a probabilistic mineral prospectivity map. The methodology is demonstrated in the Rodalquilar mineral district in Spain. A subset of known occurrences of mineral deposits of the type sought was considered discovered and then used as training data, and a map of distances to faults/fractures and three band ratio images of hyperspectral data were used as layers of spatial evidence in weights-of-evidence (WofE) modeling of mineral prospectivity in the study area. A derived posterior probability map of mineral deposit occurrence showing non-violation of the conditional independence assumption and having the highest prediction rate was then put into an objective function in simulated annealing in order to derive a set of optimal exploration focal points. Each optimal exploration focal point represents a pixel or location within a circular neighborhood of pixels with high posterior probability of mineral deposit occurrence. Buffering of each optimal exploration focal point, based on proximity analysis, resulted in optimal exploration target zones. Many of these target zones coincided spatially with at least one occurrence of mineral deposit of the type sought in the subset of cross-validation (i.e., presumed undiscovered) mineral deposits of the type sought. The results of the study showed the usefulness of the proposed methodology for objective delineation of optimal exploration target zones based on a probabilistic mineral prospectivity map.     

云南景东文玉火山热液型铜矿

铜矿赋存在三叠系上统小定西组火山岩系中,岩浆期后热液对矿质的运移、改造、叠加起重要作用。矿床具中低温火山热液蚀变特征。     

甘肃省文县阳山金矿带围岩蚀变地质特征

阳山金矿带位于扬子板块、松潘一甘孜地槽褶皱系和秦岭地槽褶皱系交接的碧口地体北缘的文县弧形构造带内,矿体赋存于泥盆系中统三河口组浅变质碎屑岩建造中。矿体与围岩界线模糊,研究矿区围岩蚀变特征对下步找矿工作有一定的指导意义。     

Genesis of Tertiary Magnetite–Apatite Deposits,Southeast of Zanjan,Iran

Magnetite–apatite deposits in the Alborz volcano–plutonic belt, southeast Zanjan, in Iran, have blade, lenzoid, and vein forms, which extend in an E‐W direction. There are many magnetite–apatite veins and veinlets in this region, and some of them are economically important, such as Zaker, Morvarid, Sorkheh–Dizaj, and Aliabad. The sizes of the vein orebodies vary between 2 and 16 m in width, 10–100 m in length, and 5–40 m in depth. Microscopic examination of thin sections and polishes indicate that they are composed of magnetite and apatite, with minor amounts of goethite, hematite, actinolite, quartz, muscovite–illite, talc, dolomite, and calcite. The geochemistry and mineralogy of the granitic host rock reveals that it is calc‐alkaline and I‐type. Field observations, mineral paragenesis, the composition of the orebodies, and the composition of the fluid inclusions in the apatite minerals with low salinity (less than 20 wt.% NaCl equivalent) indicate that these magnetite veins were hydrothermally generated at about 200–430°C and are not related to silica–iron oxide immiscibility, as are the major Precambrian magnetite deposits in central Iran.     

浙江泰顺龟湖叶腊石矿床热液蚀变短波红外光谱分析

蚀变岩帽与斑岩体关系密切,具有形成斑岩-浅成低温热液型矿床的潜力.位于浙闽交界的龟湖地区发育规模巨大的蚀变岩帽(>30 km2),形成了龟湖超大型叶腊石矿床,矿体属于岩帽的一个分带.矿床及其围岩蚀变主要由粒度微小或隐晶质的层状硅酸盐蚀变矿物组成,矿物之间差别极为细微,仅凭肉眼难以区分.短波红外光谱技术可以有效识别这些蚀...     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗伊和布拉格多金属矿地球物理、地球化学特征及找矿预测

内蒙古自治区扎鲁特旗伊和布拉格多金属矿位于额济纳旗-大兴安岭成矿区之突泉-林西华力西燕山期铁（锡）铜、铅、锌、银、铌（钽）成矿带。区内共发现7条矿化蚀变带,土壤地球化学测量圈定了元素组合异常4个。矿化蚀变带受NE-SW向断裂构造控制,其中Ⅲ号矿化蚀变带、Ⅴ号矿化蚀变带位于该区近东西向和近南北向断裂带的交汇处。矿化蚀变主要产于下二叠统或上侏罗统,成矿作用与燕山中晚期岩浆侵入活动相关。矿化蚀变带与地球化学异常及低电阻率,高极化激电异常均相关性,其中Ⅲ号蚀变带深部已见多层银铅锌矿体。从地质、物化探资料分析并与有关同类型的矿床类比,区内多条矿化蚀变带均具有寻找中-大型银铅锌多金属矿潜力。     

朱诺斑岩型铜矿床外围遥感找矿预测

基于ETM+遥感数据源,利用ENVI遥感图像处理软件对云、雪被、第四系、水体、阴影等进行了掩膜;采用特征主成分分析技术对西藏自治区朱诺斑岩型铜矿床及其外围地区开展遥感羟基和铁染矿化蚀变信息提取,并进行了地质解译。据此圈定找矿远景区,为朱诺铜矿床外围地区开展找矿工作提供了先决条件。     

Characterizing hydrothermal alteration zones in Hamama area in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt by remotely sensed data

Abstract

Remote sensing techniques provide meaningful information to mineral exploration by identifying the hydrothermally altered minerals and the fracture/fault systems. In this article, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data were processed to detect the hydrothermal alteration zones in Hamama area in the central part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Band ratios and principal component analyses successfully revealed the extent and the geometry of the hydrothermal alteration zones that trend in an NE–SW direction. Matching pixel spectrum derived from Minimum Noise Fraction, Pixel Purity Index, and n-dimensional visualization with reference spectra allowed characterizing key hydrothermal alteration minerals, including chlorite, kaolinite-smectite, muscovite, and haematite, in a successive alteration pattern. Field investigations and X-Ray Diffraction analysis validated the results revealed by ASTER data. In addition, the present prospects of significant gold and massive sulphide mineralizations are consistent with the detected hydrothermal alteration zone.