北京怀柔板栗种植区地质背景研究

通过对北京怀柔板栗种植区的地质特征和土壤地球化学特征进行研究,发现其广泛发育的花岗岩和片麻岩地质背景、适宜的海拔高度、降水量、温度以及呈弱酸性的疏松土质等条件十分适合板栗生长。研究评价结果显示,种植区土壤中富含P、Mn、Fe等矿质营养元素,以及有效铜、有效锌和有效铁等,并且环境质量总体优良,土壤和灌溉水重金属元素含量基本符合无公害板栗种植的产地要求,为怀柔板栗产品附加值的提升及品牌宣传提供了依据。     

复杂地层跟管钻进套管强度的有限元分析

针对复杂地层的跟管钻进技术进行研究,分析了跟管钻具的受力情况,并对易损部件进行有限元分析,对实践过程中出现的问题进行改进以及对套管螺纹结构的优化设计,提出了改进方案。     

辽宁四道沟金矿地球化学基本特征研究

四道沟金矿床的矿脉群规模较大且复杂，单个矿体较零碎，连续性不好。各矿体及矿化体的成晕相互干扰较大。通过对典型矿脉群中的矿体、蚀变带、围岩及构造带、预测点系统取样分析，据热液成矿成晕原理对矿区基本地球化学参数进行了多元统计分析的若干方法处理得出并分析了元素组合规律；确定了成矿指示元素并解释了指示元素的地质地球化学意义；总结了矿脉群中矿体原生晕中元素的轴向组合分带序列。     

一种网元管理系统的设计

根据电信管理网络 (TMN)思想 ,提出一种网元管理系统的设计 ,该系统包含系统监测、性能分析、操作支持、故障管理、访问接口 5个功能。通过合理设计系统结构 ,利用网元管理器与网元Agent间的通信 ,旨在建立一个检测、控制和管理网元及为管理员提供一个友好的界面的系统 ,以提高网络管理水平。     

Geochemical records of the sediments and their significance in Dongping Lake Area,the lower reach of Yellow River,North China

Dongping Lake area, located in the lower reaches of Yellow River, is an ideal place to study the changes of modern river and lake sedimentary environment. The sediment samples of Dawen River, Yellow River, and Dongping Lake were collected, and the major elements, trace elements and organic matter geochemical composition of the samples were analyzed. Cluster analysis, characteristic element ratio method and graphic method were used to explore the geochemical characteristics of sediments and their environmental implication. The results show that the contents of SiO_2, Na_2O, TiO_2 and Zr in sediments of Dawen River and Yellow River are relatively high, and the contents of iron and manganese oxides, organic matter, CaO, P_2O_5 and Sr in lake sediments are relatively high. That reveals the differences of sedimentary environments between the rivers and the lake. The contents of Sr and Zr in Dawen River are affected by the rapid migration of clastic materials in the upstream carbonate source area during the flood season; the δCe,ΣREE and REE's ratios in the sediments of the Yellow River reflect the influence of the Loess source; and the distribution of elements changes along the flow direction during the flood season. The characteristics of p H, element composition and LREE HREE fractionation of the lake sediments indicate that the sediment source is complex, and the lake environment is affected by the flood season. The study shows that the geochemical content and its variation characteristics of sediments effectively reveal the sedimentary environment, material composition and characteristics of flood season of rivers and the lake in the study area.     

基于元素组合特征的相似性系数法圈定异常——以南岭地区为例

强调了统计域的正确选择对区域地球化学数据分析的重要性。本文以南岭研究区的W元素原始异常作为统计域,分析得出了研究区内不同成矿类型钨矿一种量化的简单元素组合特征。以此量化的元素组合特征,并结合相似度分析方法,统计了研究区内样点与各典型钨矿元素组合特征的相似性系数,其成图结果非常准确地圈定了已知的各类型钨矿,相比W元素原始异常其准确率得到了明显提升。该方法亦可认为是对地球化学场的一种成因分解,能够准确提取其中与成矿有关的异常信息。该研究可作为区域异常结构模式研究的重要补充,也可以为扩大南岭地区钨矿找矿远景提供线索。     

Geochemistry of A-type granites in the Huangshaping polymetallic deposit (South Hunan,China): Implications for granite evolution and associated mineralization

The Huangshaping granites in Hunan Province, South China were investigated for their geochemical characteristics. Three types of granites have been petrographically identified: quartz porphyry, granophyre, and granite porphyry. Whole rock geochemistry suggests that the Huangshaping granites, especially the granite porphyry, exhibit typical A-type granite characteristics with their enrichment in Si, Rb, U, Th, and Nb and significant depletion in Ba, Sr, Ti, Eu, and P. Based on the Al, Y and Zr contents as well as the REE patterns of the rocks investigated, the quartz porphyry and the granophyre are classified as A₁ type alkaline granites whereas the granite porphyry is considered as A₂ type aluminous granite. Whole rock and quartz/feldspar O isotope data yields a wide range of δ¹⁸O_SMOW values (11.09–26.32‰). The granites are characterized by high radiogenic Pb isotopic composition. The present-day whole rock Pb isotopic ratios are ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 18.706–19.155, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.616–15.711 and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 38.734–39.296. Combining the O–Pb isotope compositions with major, trace and REE geochemistry and regional geology characteristics, the Huangshaping granites were determined to resemble within-plate granites that were mainly derived from a felsic infracrustal source related to continental extension. The magma source of the quartz porphyry and the granophyre may have been generated from deeper depths, and then ascended rapidly with limited water content and low oxygen fugacity, which contributed to Cu, Pb and Zn mineralization. On the other hand, the magma that generated the granite porphyry may have ascended relatively slower and experienced pronounced crystal fractionation, upper-crustal basement rock contamination (assimilation) and wall–rock interaction, producing the Sn- and W-rich granite porphyry. This study reveals the crustal extension process and associated magmatic–metallogenic activities during 180–150 Ma in South Hunan.     

Experimental study on weathering of seafloor volcanic glass by bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) – Implications for the contribution of bacteria to the water–rock reaction at the Mid-Oceanic Ridge setting

The biologically mediated weathering of the ocean crust has received increasing attention in recent decades, but the rates and the possible mechanism of elemental release during microbe–basalt interactions occurring below the seafloor have not been studied in detail. In this study, we established an experimental weathering study of seafloor natural basaltic glass comparing the effect of microbial activity (Pseudomonas fluorescens) in P-rich and P-poor media with parallel controls containing either nonviable cells or organic acid. The changes in the chemical parameters, including pH, bacterial densities, and ion concentrations (Ca, Mg, Si, Mn, Al, Fe, and P) in the solution, were examined during the different batch experiments. The results showed that the pH decreased from 7.0 to 3.5 and the bacterial density increased from 10⁵ to 10⁸ cells/ml during the first 120 h, and the cell numbers remained constant at 10⁸ cells/ml and the pH increased from 3.5 to 6 between 120 h and 864 h in the P-bearing reactors containing bacteria. In contrast, during all the experimental time, the pH remained close to neutral condition in the abiotic control systems and the dissolution rates increased markedly with a decrease in pH and became minimal at near-neutral pH in P-bearing reactors containing bacteria, where Ca, Si, and Mg release rates were 2- to 4-fold higher than those obtained in chemical systems and biotic P-limited systems. Furthermore, the surfaces of the natural volcanic glass from the biotic systems were colonized by bacteria. Simultaneously, the etch pits were observed by Scanning Electron Microscope, which further indicate that the bacteria may promote the mineral dissolution for energy gain. Some elements (e.g., Fe, Mn, and Al) releasing from natural volcanic glass are likely an important source of the elemental budget in the ocean, and thus the element release and its possible mechanism conducted in this experimental study have potential implications on the biogeochemical cycling process in the Mid-Oceanic Ridge setting.     

The slope modeling method with GIS support for rockfall analysis using 3D DDA

Rockfall is the most frequent major hazard in mountainous areas. For hazard assessment and further countermeasure design, realistic and accurate prediction of rockfall trajectory is an important requirement. Thus, a modeling method to represent both geometrical parameters of slope and falling rock mass is required. This study, suggests taking the advantages of discontinues deformation analysis (DDA) and geographical information system (GIS). In this study, after developing a three dimensional (3D) DDA program, firstly a special element named contact face element (CFE) was introduced into 3D DDA; secondly, effectively modeling tools with GIS support were developed. The implementation of CFE also improves the efficiency of both the contact searching and solution process. Then a simple impact model was devised to compare the 3D DDA implemented directly with a sliding model with theoretical analysis to verify the reliability of the modified 3D DDA program and investigate the parameter settings. Finally, simulations concerning rock shapes and multi-rocks were carried out to show the applicable functions and advantages of the newly developed rockfall analysis code. It has been shown that the newly developed 3D DDA program with GIS support is applicable and effective.     

Quantifying the impact of small variations in fracture geometric characteristics on peak rock mass properties at a mining project using a coupled DFN–DEM approach

Using field data from Agnico-Eagle’s Meliadine gold project located in Nunavut Territory in northern Canada, a coupled DFN–DEM approach was used to evaluate the rock mass mechanical properties at REV. Variability in the structural data gathered on site and the variability associated with the stochastic modeling process have an impact on discrete fracture model (DFN) properties. Through a sensitivity analysis, this paper assesses the influence of a variation in the DFN model input parameters’ values on the rock mass peak properties – uniaxial compressive strength, Young modulus and Poisson ratio. The results not only highlight the possibilities associated with DFN–DEM modeling in characterizing rock mass properties at the engineering scale, they also provide a systematic way to assess the critical structural parameters controlling the rock mass properties.