Crustal structure of the Ordovician Macquarie Arc,Eastern Lachlan Orogen,based on seismic‐reflection profiling

In the Eastern Lachlan Orogen, the mineralised Molong and Junee‐Narromine Volcanic Belts are two structural belts that once formed part of the Ordovician Macquarie Arc, but are now separated by younger Silurian‐Devonian strata as well as by Ordovician quartz‐rich turbidites. Interpretation of deep seismic reflection and refraction data across and along these belts provides answers to some of the key questions in understanding the evolution of the Eastern Lachlan Orogen—the relationship between coeval Ordovician volcanics and quartz‐rich turbidites, and the relationship between separate belts of Ordovician volcanics and the intervening strata. In particular, the data provide evidence for major thrust juxtaposition of the arc rocks and Ordovician quartz‐rich turbidites, with Wagga Belt rocks thrust eastward over the arc rocks of the Junee‐Narromine Volcanic Belt, and the Adaminaby Group thrust north over arc rocks in the southern part of the Molong Volcanic Belt. The seismic data also provide evidence for regional contraction, especially for crustal‐scale deformation in the western part of the Junee‐Narromine Volcanic Belt. The data further suggest that this belt and the Ordovician quartz‐rich turbidites to the east (Kirribilli Formation) were together thrust over ?Cambrian‐Ordovician rocks of the Jindalee Group and associated rocks along west‐dipping inferred faults that belong to a set that characterises the middle crust of the Eastern Lachlan Orogen. The Macquarie Arc was subsequently rifted apart in the Silurian‐Devonian, with Ordovician volcanics preserved under the younger troughs and shelves (e.g. Hill End Trough). The Molong Volcanic Belt, in particular, was reworked by major down‐to‐the‐east normal faults that were thrust‐reactivated with younger‐on‐older geometries in the late Early ‐ Middle Devonian and again in the Carboniferous.     

北祁连山西段早元古代变质火山岩的地球化学特征及其构造背景

产于北大河群的早元古代火山岩是北祁连山西段最主要的三期火山岩之一,其地球化学特征表明,该期火山岩的原岩为具有双峰式组合的拉斑玄武岩和中酸笥凝灰岩。两者具有完全不同的稀土分布型式,前者以极低的富集轻稀土为特征,而后者以强烈富集轻稀土的特征;基性火山岩的微量元素分布曲线指示了其形成了裂陷槽环境。结合Ｎｄ同位素特征以及区域２得出本区早元古代变质火山岩形成于裂陷槽环境。     

高地应力围岩分区碎裂化的时间效应分析和相关参数研究

本文阐述了高地应力围岩分区碎裂化现象的形成需要经过一定的时间,但这段时间不会很长;采用蠕变理论对岩石分区碎裂化的时间效应进行了分析;推导了能够描述加速蠕变阶段的流变模型-改进的西原模型的本构方程和蠕变方程,在此基础上求出了岩石分区碎裂化发生时破裂带半径(破碎带距巷道中心的距离)的公式。     

藏南喜马拉雅北坡色龙地区二叠系基性火山岩的发现及其构造意义

藏南喜马拉雅北坡二叠系基性火山岩位于聂拉木县色龙东山。岩石地球化学特征表明,无论是基龙组火山岩还是色龙群火山岩,都具有大陆拉伸-大陆裂谷环境火山岩系的主、微量元素地球化学特征。据此,判断两套基性火山岩的性质和喷发构造环境相同。该区二叠纪大陆拉伸-裂谷火山活动标志着冈瓦纳超级古大陆开始裂离、解体。     

胜利油田火山岩辉石中岩浆包裹体成分及有关成因问题

对胜利油田火山岩中辉石及其中岩浆包裹体成分的研究表明：ＣＯ２气藏区和非ＣＯ２气藏区新生代火山岩辉石及其中岩浆包裹体成分有明显区别,前者中辉石为普通辉石,成分相对富ＳｉＯ２,而贫Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＭｇＯ和挥发成分;而后者中辉石为透辉石,成分相对贫ＳｉＯ２和挥发份,而富Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２和ＭｇＯ。前者岩浆包裹体玻相中富含ＣＯ２,包裹体中的金属子矿物多为黄铁矿;而后者岩浆包裹体玻相中贫ＣＯ２;包裹     

Distribution of the organic matter in the channel-levees systems of the Congo mud-rich deep-sea fan (West Africa). Implication for deep offshore petroleum source rocks and global carbon cycle

The quantity and the source of organic matter preserved in the Recent turbiditic channel-levees systems around 4000 m-depth off the Congo River were determined using bulk geochemical approaches (Rock-Eval, elemental and isotopic analyses) as well as molecular and optical analyses on selected samples. These mud-rich sediments contain high amount of organic matter (3% Corg on average), the origin of which is a mixture of terrestrial higher-plant debris and deeply oxidized phytoplanktonic material. Although the relative contribution of continental source versus marine source of the organic matter cannot be precisely quantified, the continental fraction appears significant (at least 70–80%) especially for such depths and distances from the coast. The organic matter distribution appears very homogeneous at different scales, from the single turbiditic event to the entire levee, and changes in accumulation rates have a little impact on the quantity and quality of preserved organic matter.     

火山岩盖层类型及封气能力——以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷为例

利用钻井、测井和分析测试资料,对徐家围子断陷火山岩盖层类型、识别标志、分布、封闭能力和对天然气成藏与分布的控制作用进行了研究,认为徐家围子断陷火山岩盖层分为火山碎屑岩和火山熔岩盖层2种。火山碎屑岩盖层主要是凝灰岩和火山角砾岩,具有井径扩容、电阻率小和高声波时差特征;火山熔岩盖层主要为流纹岩、凝灰岩和安山岩,具有井径不扩容、电阻率中等和低声波时差特征。利用高声波时差和声波时差值小于56 μs/ft可以分别识别火山碎屑岩盖层和火山熔岩盖层。火山碎屑岩盖层区域分布在断陷南部下白垩统营城组一段火山岩体的顶部,火山熔岩盖层局部分布在营一段和营三段火山岩体内部。火山碎屑岩盖层较火山熔岩盖层具有更强的封气能力,火山碎屑岩盖层控制着徐家围子断陷火山岩中天然气的区域聚集与分布,火山熔岩盖层仅控制着天然气在火山岩体中的局部聚集与分布。     

张广才岭五道岭组火山岩的锆石U——Pb 年代学及地球化学特征

对张广才岭五道岭组火山岩进行锆石U--Pb LA--ICP--MS 年代学和岩石地球化学研究,以确定该组火山岩形成的时代和构造背景。选取样品中的锆石均呈自形--半自形晶,具有清晰的振荡生长环带和较高的Th /U 比值( 0. 52 ～ 2. 28) ,暗示其岩浆成因。测年结果显示,五道岭组火山岩形成于289 ± 3 Ma,是早二叠世岩浆活动的产物。火山岩的岩石组合为玄武岩--流纹岩,显示双峰式火山岩的特点,属于高钾钙碱性--钾玄岩系列,玄武岩具有富集Ｒb、K 等大离子亲石元素( LILE) ,亏损Nb、Ta 等高场强元素( HFSE) 的特征; 流纹岩呈负铕异常,富集Ｒb、Th、U 和K 等大离子亲石元素( LILE) ,亏损Nb、Ta 和Ti 等高场强元素( HFSE) 及Sr、P 元素,并显示A 型流纹岩的特点。结合该时期区域构造演化史,火山岩地球化学特征揭示了五道岭组火山岩的形成与岛弧环境下的局部伸展作用有关,这种构造背景是古亚洲洋板块俯冲于松嫩-张广才岭-佳木斯陆块之下造成的。     

Chronology and Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks in the Cretaceous Suifenhe Formation in Eastern Heilongjiang, China

Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consists of basalt, andesite, and dacite. Zircon from andesite and dacite are euhedral in shape and show typical oscillatory zoning with high Th/U ratios (0.18-0.57), implying its magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating results by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) indicate that the 206Pb/238U ages of zircons from andesite range within 105-106 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 105.5±0.8 Ma (n=14), and that 206Pb/238U ages of zircons from dacite are between 90-96 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 93.2±1.3 Ma (n =13). The volcanic rocks from the Suifenhe Formation are subalkaline series and show a calc-alkaline evolutionary trend with SiO2 content of 47.69%-65.47%, MgO contents of 1.42%-6.80% (Mg#= 45-53), and Na2O/K2O ratios of 1.83-3.63. They are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light-rare-earth elements (LREE), depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and high field strength elements (HFSE) (e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti), and low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7041-0.7057) and positiveεNd(t) values (039-4.08), implying that they could be derived from a depleted magma source. Taken together, these results suggest that the primary magma of the volcanic rocks might originate from partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab under a tectonic setting of active continental margin.     

南阿尔金地区早古生代中酸性侵入岩的岩石成因及其对构造演化的指示意义

南阿尔金造山带位于塔里木盆地和柴达木盆地之间,是中国西北地区重要的俯冲-碰撞杂岩带,其早古生代构造演化过程是近年来的研究热点之一,然而,洋壳俯冲的时限一直存在争议。本文对茫崖石英二长岩开展岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素地球化学研究,探讨其岩石成因及成岩时的构造环境。样品显示高碱、富钾、低钛、贫铁及Nd-Ta-Ti异常等与钾玄岩相似的地球化学特征,成岩年龄为511～495 Ma, ε_Hf(t)主要为-3.51～-0.08,少量介于0.04～1.69之间。我们认为俯冲洋壳到达角闪岩相边界时释放大量水并上升进入地幔楔,导致地幔楔橄榄岩发生角闪石化交代作用,由于地幔楔沿俯冲带向下拖曳而温度升高,角闪石化橄榄岩熔融形成的熔体在上升过程诱发上地壳物质部分熔融,壳源岩浆混合少量幔源岩浆形成了石英二长岩,该期花岗岩是对造山带从大洋岛弧环境向活动大陆边缘过渡的岩石学响应。因此,南阿尔金洋壳可能在约517 Ma前已经开始俯冲。