新疆东天山突出山铜铁矿床地球化学特征与地质意义

突出山铜铁矿床是东天山雅满苏石炭纪弧前-岛弧带中代表性的铁多金属矿床, 矿体呈透镜状、脉状、似层状赋存于上石炭统底坎尔组下亚组火山岩中。矽卡岩阶段包裹体均一温度为151℃~>380℃, 盐度为1.91%~23.18% NaCl_eq, 密度为0.76~1.09 g/cm³, 热液硫化物阶段包裹体均一温度为101℃~280℃, 盐度为0.35%~23.05% NaCl_eq, 密度为0.74~1.13 g/cm³, 表明成矿流体属于中-高温、中-低盐度、中-低密度的NaCl-H₂O体系。(绿泥石)绿帘石矽卡岩、磁铁矿(镜铁矿)矿石、含磁铁矿灰岩的稀土配分模式均为轻稀土相对富集的右倾型(LREE/HREE=2.85~9.21), 以出现负铕异常(δEu=0.22~1.09)和铈异常不发育为特征, 与底坎尔组火山岩相似, 表明成矿物质来源于底坎尔组火山岩。矿区矽卡岩可能是火山热液交代碳酸盐岩形成的, 成矿条件为中-高温、较为宽广的氧化还原环境, 矿床成因属火山热液交代型。     

吉林省东部的大地构造环境与构造演化轮廓

本文运用活动论思维,根据东亚构造发展的宏观背景重新认识吉林省东部地区的大地构造环境与构造演化史。阐明吉林省东部在不同时期所处大地构造环境的变化及由此所决定的不同构造阶段所表现的不同构造属性与特征,为中、新生代以来该区所发生的岩浆活动、变质作用及成矿作用提供时空背景。 本文强调了中生代以来巨大的构造改造对于塑造现今裸露地表的综合地质体面貌的重要意义。忽视它的影响就有可能把许多原本是中、新生代构造运动的产物误认为是前寒武纪就有的古构造,把复杂问题简单化,甚至导致谬误的结论。     

冀东迁西—迁安地区紫苏花岗岩的地球化学特征及其成因

本文根据地质和地球化学的研究提出本区紫苏花岗岩主要是由英云闪长质、花岗闪长质岩浆侵位之后经麻粒岩相变质而形成的。根据地球化学特征,本区的紫苏花岗岩可分为大离子亲石元素亏损的北区(太平寨—三屯营)和大离子亲石元素较富集的南区(水厂—松汀),它们的地球化学差异反映了其形成时构造条件的不同。     

额尔齐斯碰撞带东段结构与形成时代

阿尔泰地体与萨吾尔岛弧之间的额尔齐斯碰撞带其结构与形成时代是中亚造山带构造演化研究的热点问题之一。本文报道了额尔齐斯碰撞带东段结构与形成时代的研究结果。新的结果显示:额尔齐斯碰撞带东段由4个走向NWNNW陡立的韧性变形带组成,剖面上呈扇状挤压变形的结构;这4个韧性变形带的应变类型为收缩应变与平面应变;片理带的变形从宏观到微观都表现出对称的结构,不同变形带不同地段可具变化的流动方向而表现出"奶油饼结构",其可能整体形成于共轴挤压机制;玉勒肯与老山口韧性变形带花岗闪长质糜棱岩、花岗闪长质超糜棱岩中变质重结晶锆石U-Pb定年结果显示韧性变形时间约为360Ma。这可能意味着早石炭世时卡拉先格尔地区已进入碰撞阶段,即萨吾尔岛弧与阿尔泰地体间在360Ma时已发生碰撞。     

钾玄岩系列:藏东玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成

西藏东部玉龙铜矿带,包括玉龙、扎拉尕、莽总、多霞松多和马拉松多含矿斑岩,马牧普钾质碱性斑岩和总郭碱性火山岩等Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成比较一致,其数据点均分布在地幔演化区,接近EMI地幔端元,暗示其物质来源于交代地幔源区。     

川东褶皱带构造发育深度层次与变形样式

地壳上层的结构特征和变形样式在垂直方向上的变化远远大于其在水平维度上的分异。川东褶皱带自晚古生代以来地史演化统一、地层展布稳定,之后新生代盆、山演化分异幅度较大,使得不同深度的地层和基底得以出露,不同地壳深度层次的构造样式得以展示,这为研究应力的垂向分异,提供了很好的条件。本文基于地壳垂直方向上变形几何的不守恒、构造脱耦以及构造层次的概念,通过野外构造现象的详细解析、野外脆性破裂产状统计、断裂之间交切关系以及活动性质观察等综合分析,结合遥感图像研究,对川东褶皱区隔挡式褶皱和隔槽式褶皱形成提出了新的解释模型。以华蓥山与齐岳山为界,川东褶皱带被分为3个呈叠置关系的区域。研究表明华蓥山以西(Ⅰ区)没有发生强烈的构造变形,变形深度最小(<2 km); 华蓥山与齐岳山之间(Ⅱ区)构造样式为在北北东向剪切作用下形成的陡立构造面理,变形深度为2～5 km; 而齐岳山以东(Ⅲ区)的构造样式是发育轴向北东的宽缓褶曲,变形深度为4～6.6 km。研究分析后得出,川东褶皱带在晚古生代以来,没有经历过大幅度的地壳垂向运动和明显的旋转运动,而白垩纪以后,发育了早期北北东向和晚期北东向的两期构造变形。Ⅱ、Ⅲ两区的构造样式发育于同一应力场(北西-南东主应力场),而晚期北东向断裂活动是形成上述3个区域呈现出断块并置的原因。另外,由于后期不同断块抬升和剥露的差异,使3个区域迥异的构造样式呈现在地表。这一认识对研究油气相关的构造圈闭、固体多金属矿产相关的矿床深度问题以及大地构造学等问题都有创新意义。     

The Eastern Makran Ophiolite (SE Iran): evidence for a Late Cretaceous fore-arc oceanic crust

ABSTRACT

The nature, magmatic evolution, and geodynamic setting of both inner and outer Makran ophiolites, in SE Iran, are enigmatic. Here, we report mineral chemistry, whole-rock geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope composition of mantle peridotites and igneous rocks from the Eastern Makran Ophiolite (EMO) to assess the origin and tectono-magmatic evolution of the Makran oceanic realm. The EMO includes mantle peridotites (both harzburgites and impregnated lherzolites), isotropic gabbros, diabase dikes, and basaltic to andesitic pillow and massive lava flows. The Late Cretaceous pelagic limestones are found as covers of lava flows and/or interlayers between them. All ophiolite components are somehow sheared and fragmented, probably in Cenozoic time, during the emplacement of ophiolite. This event has produced a considerable extent of tectonic melange. Tectonic slices of trachy-basaltic lavas with oceanic island basalt (OIB)-like signature seal the tectonic melange. Our new geochemical data indicate a magmatic evolution from fore-arc basalt (FAB) to island-arc tholeiite (IAT)-like signatures for the Late Cretaceous EMO lavas. EMO extrusive rocks have high εNd(t) (+8 to +8.9) and isotopically are similar to the Oman lavas. This isotopic signature indicates a depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle source for the genesis of these rocks, except isotopic gabbros containing lower εNd(t) (+5.1 to +5.7) and thus show higher contribution of subducted slab components in their mantle source. High ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb isotopic ratios for the EMO igneous rocks also suggest considerable involvement of slab-derived components into the mantle source of these rocks. The variable geochemical signatures of the EMO lavas are mostly similar to Zagros and Oman ophiolite magmatic rocks, although the Pb isotopic composition shows similarity to the isotopic characteristic of inner Zagros ophiolite belt. This study postulates that the EMO formed during the early stages of Neo-Tethyan subduction initiation beneath the Lut block in a proto-forearc basin. We suggest subduction initiation caused asthenospheric upwelling and thereafter melting to generate the MORB-like melts. This event left the harzburgitic residues and the MORB-like melts interacted with the surrounding peridotites to generate the impregnated lherzolites, which are quite abundant in the EMO. Therefore, these lherzolites formed due to the refertilization of mantle rocks through porous flows of MORB-like melts. The inception of subduction caused mantle wedge to be enriched slightly by the slab components. Melting of these metasomatized mantle generated isotropic gabbros and basaltic to andesitic lavas with FAB-like signature. At the later stage, higher contribution of the slab-derived components into the overlying mantle wedge causes formation of diabase dikes with supra-subduction zone – or IAT-like signatures. Trachy-basalts were probably the result of late-stage magmatism fed by the melts originated from an OIB source asthenospheric mantle due to slab break-off. This occurred after emplacement of EMO and the formation of tectonic melange.     

滇东黔西晚二叠世早期辫状河三角洲沉积体系及其聚煤特征

滇东黔西上二叠统底部发育着一套玄武岩质砾岩，本文针对云南富源和贵州盘县一带的底砾岩进行综合研究，认为这套砾岩为辫状河三角洲沉积，并进一步识别出砾质辫状河道、砂质辫状河道、砾质河口坝、砂质河口坝等沉积类型。文中还对该辫状河三角洲的沉积序列、发育背景以及与聚煤作用关系等问题做了一定分析，认为三角洲朵体之间地区以及在衰退的三角洲朵体之上成煤较好。     

鲁东地区地热资源分布规律及勘查定井方法探讨

鲁东地区具有丰富的地热资源,在地热勘查、开发和利用中,对地热勘查定井方法的选择至关重要。在介绍鲁东地区地热资源分布特征和赋存规律的基础上,结合鲁东地区地热勘查及施工的经验和教训,针对不同的地热地质条件,分别采用天然电场选频、瞬变电磁法(TEM)测深、可控源音频大地电磁测深(CSAMT)、电磁测深和自然放射能测深等方法对鲁东地区典型地热勘查区进行地热井位确定,并对勘查定井方法效果进行对比。结果表明: 鲁东地热资源主要分布在NE向、NNE向及NW向断裂交汇带附近,为断裂控制的深循环对流型带状地热资源,热储分布主要受断裂控制,勘查定井宜选择在2条或多条断裂的交汇处; 天然电场选频、瞬变电磁法测深对于浅部地层和断裂具有较好的反映; 可控源音频大地电磁测深对断裂深部发育特征反映明显,为鲁东地热勘查定井较适宜的方法; 地热勘查定井宜采用2种以上的勘查方法,避免在物探施工过程中受外在因素的影响。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112000072

The Abor volcanics outcroping in the core of the Siang window in the Eastern Himalaya comprise voluminous mafic volcanics (47％-56％ w(SiO2)),with subordinate felsic volcanics (67％-75％ w(SiO2)).The felsi...