全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3826篇 |
免费 | 681篇 |
国内免费 | 100篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 37篇 |
大气科学 | 57篇 |
地球物理 | 3830篇 |
地质学 | 537篇 |
海洋学 | 18篇 |
天文学 | 16篇 |
综合类 | 34篇 |
自然地理 | 78篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 49篇 |
2021年 | 53篇 |
2020年 | 66篇 |
2019年 | 85篇 |
2018年 | 91篇 |
2017年 | 94篇 |
2016年 | 87篇 |
2015年 | 125篇 |
2014年 | 181篇 |
2013年 | 164篇 |
2012年 | 162篇 |
2011年 | 179篇 |
2010年 | 170篇 |
2009年 | 219篇 |
2008年 | 269篇 |
2007年 | 185篇 |
2006年 | 226篇 |
2005年 | 190篇 |
2004年 | 174篇 |
2003年 | 135篇 |
2002年 | 148篇 |
2001年 | 132篇 |
2000年 | 146篇 |
1999年 | 157篇 |
1998年 | 172篇 |
1997年 | 134篇 |
1996年 | 154篇 |
1995年 | 161篇 |
1994年 | 88篇 |
1993年 | 87篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 44篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 49篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 21篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1954年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有4607条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
171.
Mechanisms of seismic quiescences 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Christopher H. Scholz 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1988,126(2-4):701-718
In the past decade there have been major advances in understanding the seismic cycle in terms of the recognition of characteristic patterns of seismicity over the entire tectonic loading cycle. The most distinctive types of patterns are seismic quiescences, of which three types can be recognized:post-seismic quiescence, which occurs in the region of the rupture zone of an earthquake and persists for a substantial fraction of the recurrence time following the earthquake,intermediate-term quiescences, which appear over a similar region and persist for several years prior to large plate-rupturing earthquakes, andshort-term quiescences, which are pronounced lulls in premonitory swarms that occur in the hypocentral region hours or days before an earthquake. Although the frequency with which intermediate-term and short-term quiescences precede earthquakes is not known, and the statistical significance of some of the former has been challenged, there is a need, if this phenomena is to be considered a possibly real precursor, to consider physical mechanisms that may be responsible for them.The characteristic features of these quiescences are reviewed, and possible mechanisms for their cause are discussed. Post-seismic quiescence can be readily explained by any simple model of the tectonic loading cycle as due to the regional effect of the stress-drop of the previous principal earthquake. The other types of quiescence require significant modification to any such simple model. Of the possibilities considered, only two seem viable in predicting the observed phenomena, dilatancy hardening and slip weakening. Intermediate-term quiescences typically occur over a region equal to or several times the size of the rupture zone of the later earthquake and exhibit a relationship between the quiescence duration and size of the earthquake: they thus involve regional hardening or stress relaxation and agree with the predictions of the dilatancy-diffusion theory. Short-term quiescences, on the other hand, are more likely explained by fault zone dilatancy hardening and/or slip weakening within a small nucleation zone. Because seismicity is a locally relaxing process, seismicity should follow a behaviour known in rock mechanics as the Kaiser effect, in which only a very slight increase in strength, due to dilatancy hardening or decrease in stress due to slip weakening, is required to cause quiescence. This is in contrast to other precursory phenomena predicted by dilatancy, which require large dilatant strains and complete dilatancy hardening.Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory 相似文献
172.
Mansour Rahimi 《Natural Hazards》1993,7(1):59-82
There is a need to study hazards faced by physically disabled people during earthquakes. A literature review showed the importance of occupant behavior as a factor that contributes to casualty during earthquakes. A survey questionnaire was used to study the behavioral responses of 33 disabled residents, none of whom sustained injury, during the Loma Prieta earthquake of 17 October 1989. An occupant risk analysis methodology was developed to study the sequence of activities of the disabled people. Severe restrictions in the physical capabilities of the respondents did not appear to increase their exposure to hazards. Overall, the physically disabled occupants did not think of themselves as vulnerable, and those who felt vulnerable initiated self-protective action in response to the hazards present in their immediate surroundings. 相似文献
173.
A garnet population in Yellowknife schist, Canada 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
R. KRETZ 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1993,11(1):101-120
Abstract Data are presented on a garnet population in a specimen of garnet-biotite-plagioclase-quartz schist from the cordierite zone of an Archaean thermal dome in the Southern Slave Province of the Canadian Shield. Garnet crystals are bounded by planar dodecahedral faces and by trapezohedral faces which on the 10-μm scale are corrugated. Crystal distribution, as revealed by dissection of a small cubic volume of rock, is random. The size distribution is normal, with a mean diameter of 0.81 mm and a standard deviation of 0.32 mm. In the largest crystal of the population (mean radius 0.83 mm), [Mn] = 100 Mn/(Fe + Mg + Mn + Ca) decreases from 14.5 at the centre to 7.5 and then increases in the outer margin to 8.5; [Fe] increases continuously from 67 at the centre to 77 at the surface; [Mg] increases from 12.5 to 13.5 and then falls sharply to 11; [Ca] remains unchanged at 4.0 and then drops to 3.3. Progressively smaller crystals have progressively lower [Mn] and higher [Fe] concentrations at their centres, while all crystals have the same margin composition. Growth vectors extending from given concentration contours to crystal surfaces are of equal length regardless of the size of the crystal in which the vector is located. A garnet-forming model is presented in which reaction was initiated by a rise in temperature. Nucleation sites were randomly selected. The nucleation rate increased with time and then declined. Crystal faces advanced at a constant linear rate, which implies an increase in volume proportional to surface area. Initially, the composition of garnet deposited on crystal surfaces was determined by van Laar equations of equilibrium, which demanded the withdrawal of Mn and Fe from within chlorite crystals. This transfer reaction was then accompanied by an ion exchange reaction which moved Mn and Fe to garnet surfaces from biotite, in exchange for Mg. The exchange reaction provides an explanation for the high overall concentration of Mn and Fe in garnet and for the observed Mn and Mg reversals in the margins of crystals. The increase of garnet volume in the garnet population is found to be parabolic, i.e. Vαα5. 相似文献
174.
According to the joint probabilistic distribution model of magnitude and space,the author discusses the relationship between the probabilistic distribution of magnitude in a seismic province and that in an area with potential seismic sources.The results show that if the magnitude probabilistic distribution follows the truncated exponential form in a seismic province,there must be some potential source in which the magnitude probabilistic distribution does not conform to that form.The result is consistent with the concept of "characteristic earthquake" derived from the study of actual records of seismicity and the study of geology.The author suggests that the relationship between the probabilistic distribution of magnitude in a seismic province and that in a seismic potential area must be considered in the study of the analysis of seismicity,seismic zonation and engineering seismology,for the purpose of the evaluation of the probabilistic distribution of magnitude correctly in every area with potential s 相似文献
175.
Zhao Yanlai Sun Ruomei Mei ShirongCenter for Analysis Prediction SSB Beijing China Institute of Geophysics Academia Simca Beijing China 《中国地震研究》1994,(4)
In this paper a method of relocating hypocenter in inhomogeneous medium is introduced.Based on the velocity from the latest results on the crust and mantle structure of the Bohai Sea and its adjacent areas,by using the data recorded in Shandong,Hebei,Beijing,and Liaoning networks around the Bohai Sea we apply the method to relocate hypocenter parameters of 598 events occurring in the Bohai Sea and its adjacent areas.The accuracy of hypocenter relocation is discussed.We present the results of events ML≥4.0 in the Bohai Sea in recent years and discussed the distribution of focal depths. 相似文献
176.
本文综述指出:深部过程,可能导致放射性元素在地幔或下地壳的某些部位聚结而产生强烈的核反应,致使下地壳加热和上地壳的快速抬升和伸展垮塌,产生地震、火山作用、岩浆作用,形成山脉。通过对来自地球内部的α─粒子辐射监测,有可能对毁灭性地震作出预报。 相似文献
177.
178.
通过在地震活动区对有关地质体的K—Ar、Ar—Ar、FT、TL、~(14)C、ESR、U系等同位素年代学、地下水及其释放气体的D/H、~(13)C/~(12)C、~(18)O/~(16)O等稳定同位素以及He、Ar等稀有气体同位素的研究,可获得有关新构造运动的时间序列、断层运动的时间、地质体热历史以及地下断层流体运动的许多重要信息。因而,同位素地球化学已逐渐在研究地震成因机制以及监测预报地震中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
179.
180.
由岩体失稳讨论地震前兆的复杂性 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
断层带应变弱化——失稳的地震模式表明,岩体失稳不仅取决于作用的应力水平,而且决定于应变弱化阶段中环境刚度和岩石刚度的相对大小。该模式可能被应用去解释实际观测中出现异常,而其后不发生地震活动的复杂情况。 相似文献