塔里木巴什托油气田巴楚组顶部油气层录井特征分析

详细分析了巴什托油气田BK2、BK3H、BK4H以及BK5H等6口井的地质录井资料,显示巴楚组顶部油气层自上而下见到的含油气级别一般为油斑、油迹、气测异常等,上好下差,油气主要集中于顶部油气层之顶上,反映出油气向上运移储集比较好。巴楚组及以上地层纵、横向上的稳定性较好,深度、厚度均变化不大,且以M4井为中心向各方向均呈现增厚—减薄有规律的交替变化。巴什托油气田巴楚组油藏具有较好的开采价值,但还应不断钻探寻找新的含油气构造,发现新的油气田。     

辽南早元古宙变质热液型金矿床成矿机理探讨

辽南早元古宙辽河群变质岩系中的金矿床为变质热液成因金矿床,矿床的形成与吕梁期变质变形作用关系密切。金矿化带的展布与金矿体的产出受韧性剪切带控制。剪切带内岩石具有明显的动态性组构特征,直接赋矿围岩为辽河群盖县组糜棱岩化千枚岩、变砂岩及云母石英糜棱岩等。韧性剪切带为含矿流体的运移提供通道。作者定义这类金矿床为变质热液型含金剪切带金矿床。     

河西走廊东部地区早二叠世地层研究的新认识

本文讨论了河西走廊东部地区早二叠世地层研究的有关问题,认为甘肃山丹青羊泉下二叠统剖面是北祁连山—河西走廊地区的重要代表剖面之一。以该剖面研究为依据,提出走廊东部地区下二叠统的进一步划分方案,分析该区早二叠世地层岩性特征差异的原因,并与走廊西部地区同期地层进行对比,进一步明确了大黄沟组的含意。     

Holocene climate variability in Sicily from a discontinuous stalagmite record and the Mesolithic to Neolithic transition

Fabric and stable isotopic composition of a Holocene stalagmite (CR1) from a cave in northern Sicily record changes in paleorainfall in the early Holocene. High δ¹³C stable isotope values in the calcite deposited from ca. 8500 to ca. 7500 yr ago are interpreted as reflecting periods of high rainfall. The wet phase was interrupted by two periods of multi-century duration characterized by relatively cool and dry winters centered at ca. 8200 and ca. 7500 yr ago, highlighted by low δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values. A high variability of δ¹³C values is recorded from ca. 7500 to ca. 6500 yr ago and indicates that the transition from a pluvial early Holocene to the present-day climate conditions was punctuated by decadal-scale periods of relatively dry winters. In northern Sicily, the traditional elements of the Neolithic appear at ca. 7700 yr ago. It is possible that changes in rainfall influenced the passage from hunter-gathering to farming and sheep-herding economies.     

北秦岭二郎坪群抱树坪组沉积时代与构造环境

二郎坪群抱树坪组作为北秦岭早古生代重要的沉积记录,其研究程度较低。本文通过对抱树坪组内火山岩夹层和花岗斑岩脉进行岩石学、地球化学和锆石U- Pb测年研究,旨在进一步确定其沉积时代与构造环境。研究结果表明：豫西夏馆地区抱树坪组火山岩夹层已变质为（黑云）阳起钠长片岩,常与黑云石英片岩呈“互层状”产出;岩石原岩为安山质凝灰岩,具有相对低的SiO2（52. 56%~62. 04%）、较高的Al2O3（10. 70%~18. 55%）、低的MgO（4. 06%~6. 21%）和FeOT/MgO（1. 23~1. 81）,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,具镁安山质岩石的特点;结合地球化学特征及前人研究认为,抱树坪组可能形成于活动陆缘弧后盆地。获得黑云阳起钠长片岩原岩的结晶锆石U- Pb年龄为446. 0±1. 7 Ma,以及侵入其中花岗斑岩脉的成岩年龄为430. 0±3. 0 Ma,首次将抱树坪组的形成时代准确地限定为晚奥陶世至早志留世。综合区域研究成果认为,小寨组和抱树坪组在地层层序和地层时代上符合广义二郎坪群的划分方案,但大庙组、火神庙组及由小寨组和抱树坪组构成的整体三者在形成时代上表现为近于同时性,在空间上主体呈现近平行关系,可能主体属时代大体相当的不同沉积环境的产物;在大地构造属性方面,认为二郎坪群是在约470 Ma之前由于商丹洋向北俯冲而形成的火山岛弧,在470~436 Ma转化为弧后盆地,至约430 Ma之前最终完成消减闭合。     

Sedimentology and early diagenesis of the Broadford Beds (Lower Jurassic), Skye,north-west Scotland

The Broadford Beds comprise a basal carbonate-dominated unit overlain by dark muddy sandstones and an upper cross-bedded sandstone unit. The limestones include coralliferous and oolitic lithologies and the sandstones include pisolitic berthierine ironstones and abundant phosphate nodules. The Broadford Beds have a maximum thickness of 140 m and can be subdivided into 17 parasequences, each initiated by an approximately 20 m rise in relative sea level. Marine flooding surfaces are most readily recognized in the lower parts of the succession, where diagenetic data can be utilized to locate emergence surfaces. There is no diagenetic evidence of early emergence in the upper parts of the sequence, but a variety of sedimentological data can be used to identify parasequence boundaries. Deposition of the Broadford Beds occurred largely around the shores of a number of islands in the northern Hebridean area. These islands partly isolated the Skye–Applecross area from a deeper marine basin to the west, and this may have enhanced the formation of authigenic phosphates and iron silicates. It is possible to use the regional variability of parasequence thicknesses to investigate the role of active local tectonism in governing differential subsidence and sediment supply.     

Fossil caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of southern England

The first fossil caddis cases from the Early Cretaceous (Wealden) of SE England are described and named Conchindusia rasnitsyni ichnosp. nov., Piscindusia sukachevae ichnogen. et isp. nov., ?Ostracindusia vyalovi ichnosp. nov. and Pelindusia percealleni ichnosp. nov. In addition, the necrotauliid caddisfly Paratrichopteridium purbeckianum (Handlirsch) comb. nov. from the earliest Cretaceous (Purbeck Group) of Dorset is redescribed.     

Early Paleozoic gabbro-granitoid associations in eastern segment of the Mongolian-Okhotsk foldbelt (Amur River basin): Age and tectonic position

Magmatic rocks of the Pikan and Un’ya massifs situated in eastern segment of the Mongolian-Okhotsk foldbelt are studied using isotopic-geochronological (U-Pb zircon dating) and geochemical methods. Two rock complexes different in age are recognized in the Pikan massif: the high-Al gabbro-tonalite association of the Middle Ordovician (468 ± Ma) and granodiorite-granite association of the Late Silurian-Early Devonian (415 ± 7 Ma). The Late Ordovician age (454 ± 5 Ma) is established for leucocratic granites of the Un’ya massif. As is suggested, the Pikan and Un’ya massifs are “allogenic blocks” detached from continental framework of the Mongolian-Okhotsk foldbelt and tectonically emplaced into the foldbelt structure at the last stage of its development.     

The glacial and interstadial sediments at the Burn of Benholm,Kincardineshire: evidence for onshore pre‐Devensian ice movement in northeast Scotland

Pebbly clays and diamictons containing marine shell fragments and peat lenses exposed beneath subglacially deposited Late Devensian till at the Burn of Benholm provide new insights into the glacial history of Quaternary sequences in eastern Scotland. The peat yielded pollen of interstadial affinity (including Bruckenthalia spiculifolia) and non‐finite radiocarbon dates. Comparisons with other pre‐Late Devensian pollen records in northern Scotland suggest that the peat lenses are remnants of an Early Devensian interstadial deposit, of Oxygen Isotope Substage 5c or 5a age. Reworked faunal assemblages in the shelly sediments include Quaternary marine molluscs of low boreal aspect, as well as Mesozoic and Palaeozoic microfossils. Amino acid ratios from fragments of Arctica islandica suggest that the shells are of Oxygen Isotope Stage 9 age or older. The fabric and composition of the shelly sediments are consistent with their emplacement as deformation till during the onshore movement of glacially transported rafts of marine sediment. Folded and sheared contacts between the shelly deposits, peat lenses and the overlying Late Devensian till indicate that the fossiliferous sediments were glacitectonised during the main Late Devensian glaciation, when ice moved from Strathmore and overrode the site from the southwest. British Geological Survey. © NERC 2000.     

华南早中生代从印支期碰撞构造体系向燕山期俯冲构造体系转换的形变记录

华南地区中生代动力体制经历了从特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域的转换,但对这种动力体制转换发生的时间和产生的地质效应则存在不同的认识。通过分析华南印支—早燕山构造层(D—J1-2)广泛发育的褶皱构造,识别了早中生代两个世代褶皱构造的横跨叠加型式,发现早期近东西向褶皱构造具有南北成带、晚期NNE向褶皱构造具有东西分区的区域展布特征。基于地层接触关系和早中生代岩浆岩和火山岩同位素年代学数据统计分析,认为这两组叠加褶皱构造清楚地记录了华南早中生代两期挤压事件,近东西向褶皱是对印支早期华南地块南北边缘碰撞造山事件的远程响应,NNE向褶皱则起源于燕山早期((170±5)Ma)古太平洋板块向华南大陆之下低角度俯冲作用,两者发生转换的时代在中晚侏罗世之交。伴随这两期构造挤压而产生的地壳增厚分别诱发了华夏地块三叠纪和晚侏罗世地壳深熔作用和岩浆侵入活动。华南两组叠加褶皱构造的识别为进一步探讨早中生代从碰撞动力构造体系向俯冲动力构造体系转换提供了关键的构造地质学依据。