应用地气、X荧光、氡气测量方法识别金矿含矿及无矿构造——以川西北阿西金矿和石棉田湾金矿为例

寻找构造带对于矿产勘查具有积极意义，对构造的含矿性进行判别，尤其对于野外地表露头无矿化显示及隐伏构造的含矿性更为关键。为了对构造的含矿性进行快速识别，采用X荧光测量方法、α怀测氡方法、地气测量方法等现场方法及不同方法技术的配合进行了金矿含矿与无矿构造的识别研究。川西北阿西金矿及石棉田湾金矿的试验结果表明，上述方法技术及其组合可以有效地判别金矿含矿和无矿构造。     

Routine Control of Accuracy in Silicate Rock Analysis by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

In this study, we used the modified Horwitz expression (H_c= 0.01c^0.8495, which gives the precision as a function of concentration) to evaluate and control the accuracy of results of silicate rock analysis obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. This expression is currently used by the organisers of the GeoPT international proficiency tests, to assign the precision limits of each analyte and subsequently to evaluate the data provided by laboratories whose main application is geochemistry. Results for major and trace elements, determined in glass disk and pressed pellets, respectively, were evaluated. Nine international silicate rock reference materials were analysed and results were compared to the recommended values plus and minus the limits given by the above expression. Those limits are easily attained for most major elements, but not for trace elements. Sample preparation and sub-sampling contributions to precision were evaluated by analysis of an in-house reference sample. In our results, precision does not follow the Horwitz expression relationship with concentration. It is known that the final accuracy in XRF analysis depends strongly on instrumental settings and on the uncertainties associated with the certified or recommended values of the reference materials used to calibrate the spectrometer, but our results indicate that the precision expression can be useful, especially to inspect and correct calibration curves and to check routine instrumental accuracy.     

湖北江陵凹陷科探井现场分析技术及其应用

江陵凹陷是江汉断陷盆地的一个面积宽广、矿产资源丰富的次级凹陷。通过对比钾盐等蒸发岩的分析技术,X射线荧光光谱技术(简称XRF)具有分析灵敏度高、样品制备简单、分析速度快等特点,有效的避免了岩盐和钾盐的易溶性和变化性所带来的影响。现场采集江陵凹陷科探井(SKD2)蒸发岩发育层段(327.11~437.70m)的岩屑样品,经处理、测定,分析结果与蒸发岩系盐类矿物成分具有较好的一致性。开展钻井实时化学监测技术研发、应用,为及时发现目标层、停钻取心提供数据支撑,对于蒸发岩勘查及钾盐找矿具有重要意义。     

塔里木盆地巴楚—麦盖提地区志留纪同生断裂及其对砂质分散体系的控制

在塔里木盆地巴楚—麦盖提地区志留系地震资料解析基础上,利用生长指数反映该区断层发育情况,并通过井约束反演得出该区的砂体展布,研究该区断层对砂体的控制作用。铲式同生逆断层是该区主要的断层类型,包含有蛇头背斜、冲起构造等典型的逆冲构造样式;断层在平面上多呈弧形,走向以近北西向为主;研究区受北东向挤压形成两套倾向相反的平行逆冲断层,断层组合型式为"向斜式逆冲断层系"。该区同生断层对砂质分散体系的控制作用表现出两种不同的类型:当同生逆断层走向与物源方向近正交时,其对砂体分散的控制表现为"遏止作用";当同生逆断层走向与物源方向斜交时,其对砂体分散的控制表现为"疏导作用"。     

地质样品痕量氯溴和硫的X射线荧光光谱法测定

报道了粉末压样－X射线荧光光谱法测定地质样品中痕量Cl、Br、S的分析方法。采用水系沉积物、岩石和土壤等国家一级标准物质进行校准。实验表明，对于不同岩性样品中Br的分析，特别是当Br的含量低于2μg/g时，采用谱峰强度（未扣除背景）与背景强度的比进行校准所得到的结果，明显优于铑靶线的Compton散射线内标法，分析精度（RSD,n=6)为2.4%-15.3%，大多数优于10％；平均值的相对误差低于24％。对于Cl的分析，只需对Ca的影响加以校正即可得到非常好的结果；不同样品中Cl的分析精度（RSD，n=6)为2.1%-13.6%，大多数优于5％；平均值的相对误差不大于25％，多数优于10％。S的校准曲线的离散性较大，矿物学效应是影响S分析准确度的主要因素，其分析精度（RSD,n=6)为0.87%-5.6%，除个别样品外，平均值的相对误差优于36％。Cl和S均存在分析结果随测量时间（次数）的增加而增高的现象，必须在制样后立即测量。方法的检出限（μg/g)Br、Cl、S分别为0．43、5．8和2．2。     

单纯形调优技术在XRFA法中的应用

XRFA法在元素定性、定量分析中,当谱带严重重叠或干扰元素含量远大于待测元素含量时,可采取多种方法消除干扰。本文采用单纯形调优法分离技术测量未知元素的含量,结果较为满意。     

On the occurrence of an unusual form of monazite in panned stream sediments in Wales

An unusual nodular form of monazite has been found to account for abnormally high levels of cerium in panned heavy mineral concentrates from stream sediments in several areas in Wales and pan of Exmoor. Textural features indicate a pre-metamorphic, diagenetic origin within Lower Palaeozoic shale or siltstone host-rocks but REE patterns show only minor variation, including relative enrichment in europium, from ‘average’ granitic monazite. The similarities between these occurrences, described for the first time from the British Isles, and those previously described from Brittany and elsewhere are discussed.