大别山金鸡寨花岗岩体岩石化学特征及侵位机制初步探讨

】大别山金鸡寨花岗岩体位于大别山碰撞造山带东端,紧邻郯庐断裂,是由碱长石英正长岩和碱长花岗岩组成。这两种岩石的组成矿物均为碱性长石、石英、斜长石、角闪石、黑云母、磁铁矿及副矿物榍石、磷灰石,但矿物含量不同。它们的岩石化学特征也不相同：（１）碱长石英正长岩中常量元素的平均含量（ｗｔ％）ＳｉＯ２为６７．１１％,Ａｌ２Ｏ３为１７％,Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ为１０．９７％,其中Ｋ２Ｏ＞Ｎａ２Ｏ,微量、稀土元素均较富集,但高场强元素、轻稀土含量及ＬＲＥＥ／ＨＲＥＥ均大于碱长花岗岩中的相应数值。（２）碱长花岗岩中常量元素的平均含量（ｗｔ％）ＳｉＯ２为７５．１３％,Ａｌ２Ｏ３为１３％,Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ为８．２３％,其中Ｋ２Ｏ＞Ｎａ２Ｏ,微量、稀土元素含量较高,但大离子亲石元素、重稀土元素含量则大于碱长石英正长岩中的含量。根据野外调查、岩石学特征及常量、微量、稀土元素研究表明,这两种岩石是同一岩浆不同演化阶段的产物,是于造山后形成的Ａ型花岗岩,其形成经历了部分熔融和结晶分异两个阶段,源岩可能来自于北大别变质杂岩。金鸡寨岩体的侵位是以“半汽球”膨胀机制进行的,并与龙井关断裂密切相关。     

西天山那拉提构造—岩浆岩带石炭纪花岗岩岩石地球化学特征及侵位机制探讨

中天山那拉提构造—岩浆岩带石炭纪岩浆活动非常发育,中性岩、酸性岩均有不同程度的出露。通过地质调查研究,划分出2个序列,6个期次。岩石组合及岩石地球化学研究表明,细粒石英闪长岩、英云闪长岩、中粒花岗闪长岩组合为混源序列,其岩浆主要来源于地壳和地幔,属＂I＂型花岗岩;中粗粒二长花岗岩、中粒斑状二长花岗岩、中细粒二长花岗岩组合岩浆主要来源于地壳,属＂S＂型花岗岩。它们显示碰撞环境特征,是俯冲阶段岛弧环境产物,总体呈中性—酸性的演化规律,反映出以强力就位为主的地质特征。     

Tectonic Characteristics and Emplacement Mechanism of Dayishan Granite in Hunan Province, China

INTRODUCTIoNDayishangranite(DG)isasignificantmetallogenic-rockbodylocatedinShaoyang-Chenxiantectono-magmaticzone(SCTMZ)ofSouthChinamassif,andthefaultsystemcon-trollingmagmaticemplacenentofwhichischaracterizedbyatypicaltectonicpatterndevelopedinMesozoicinEastChina,called"Dayishan-typetectonics"byLietal.(1948).Theau-thors(1998)haveperformeddeepstudiesonSCTMZandDGbyapplyingthemethodofstructuralanalysisandgeophysics,andhaveconcludedthatitisacomplextectoniczoneformedbymultiphaseandpoly…     

岩体侵位机制对矽卡岩型矿床的制约——以邯邢地区矽卡岩铁矿为例

河北省南部邯邢地区与矽卡岩型铁矿有关的中酸性侵入岩形成2套深成杂岩体:符山杂岩体和武安杂岩体。这2个杂岩体分别具有不同的侵位机制并对相关矽卡岩型铁矿产生制约:符山杂岩体属被动就位机制,岩体内部形成呈捕虏体状赋存的铁矿体,远离接触带的深部仍具找矿潜力;武安杂岩体属主动就位机制,岩体内部捕虏体罕见,相应的铁矿床主要产于岩体与围岩接触带处,少量形成于碳酸盐岩围岩中;主动就位机制下形成的褶皱是重要的容矿构造。由于矽卡岩型矿床主要的共同特点是与中酸性侵入岩和碳酸盐岩有关,这一成矿规律同样适用于其他矿种的矽卡岩型矿床。     

陡倾斜滑断裂与层圈滑移控制花岗岩浆活动的动力学模式——以下扬子构造带为例

长江中下游燕山期中酸性岩浆的形成与幔隆带构造叠加和印支期深层拆离作用有关 ,但最终起决定作用的是燕山期 NNE向陡倾左行压扭斜滑深切断裂。由于该组断裂深切地幔隆起 ,促使地幔物质和热流上涌 ,并穿入印支期因拆离作用形成的不同深度的层状岩浆房 ,使岩浆房中的岩浆与壳源重熔岩浆混合。此外 ,沿着陡倾剪切带尚可出现新的局部重熔 ,形成再度混合的脉状岩浆房。区内岩浆的成因、运移上升和侵入定位的构造动力作用是统一的 ,都是压扭构造应力场作用的结果 ;只是在不同深度 ,不同部位 ,不同阶段的不同表现而已。NNE向左旋压扭斜滑断裂是本区驱动岩浆上升和运移的主要因素。     

小秦岭小河岩体岩石谱系单位划分及其定位机制

小河岩体是一个“I”型高位深成岩体。采用岩石谱系单位的划分原则,依结构演化序列将小河岩体划分为甘沟、后沟两个单元,归并为小河超单元。通过对岩体构造、包体、空间位态和区域构造特征等分析,提出小河岩体为顺基底拆离断层经基性岩墙拓宽通道—被动上侵顶蚀—类岩墙扩张式就位的复合定位机制。中条期伸展构造为岩浆生成、侵位提供了热动力及潜在空间。     

稀有金属伟晶岩过度冷却与侵位之关系——基于野外地质观察及年代学的思考

稀有金属伟晶岩的结晶过程是认识其成矿作用的重要方面.前人利用冷却模型所推测出的侵入变质围岩的伟晶岩冷却时间为几天至几千年,但对侵位于花岗岩中伟晶岩的结晶过程缺乏相关研究.基于此,对新疆大喀拉苏及镜儿泉地区稀有金属伟晶岩的野外地质观察及年代学研究显示,两处伟晶岩的侵位模式不同,侵位时花岗岩围岩的温度有别.大喀拉苏1号伟晶...     

山东蓬莱地区雨山超单元地质特征

山东蓬莱地区岩浆岩出露广泛,特别是浅成-超浅成岩类岩石发育,其与研究区部分矿种（萤石、多金属等）的分布密切相关,加强对该类岩石的分析研究具有十分重要的意义.文中主要分析研究了该区新建雨山超单元（浅成岩）的地质产状、岩石特征等,通过对岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素等数据的分析,论述了雨山岩体的物质来源、构造环境及其成因和侵位机制等,为今后该地区的地质找矿工作提供了基础性地质资料.     

Geophysical constraints of shear zones and geometry of the Hiltaba Suite granites in the western Gawler Craton,Australia

The emplacement of the ca 1590–1575 Ma Hiltaba Suite granites records a large magmatic event throughout the Gawler Craton, South Australia. The Hiltaba Suite granites intrude the highly deformed Archaean‐Palaeoproterozoic rocks throughout the craton nuclei. Geophysical interpretation of the poorly exposed central western Gawler Craton suggests that the region can be divided into several distinct domains that are bounded by major shear zones, exhibiting a sequence of overprinting relationships. The north‐trending Yarlbrinda Shear Zone merges into the east‐trending Yerda Shear Zone that, in turn, merges into the northeast‐trending Coorabie Shear Zone. Several poorly exposed Hiltaba Suite granite plutons occur within a wide zone of crustal shearing that is bounded to the north by the Yerda Shear Zone and to the south by the Oolabinnia Shear Zone. This wide zone of crustal shearing is interpreted as a major zone of synmagmatic dextral strike‐slip movement that facilitated the ascent of Hiltaba Suite granite intrusions to the upper crust. The aeromagnetic and gravity data reveal that the intrusions are ～15–25 km in diameter. Forward modelling of the geophysical data shows that the intrusions have a tabular geometry and are less than 6 km deep.     

Geological constraints on the dynamic emplacement of cone-sheets – The Ardnamurchan cone-sheet swarm,NW Scotland

Cone-sheets are a significant constituent of many central volcanoes, where they contribute to volcano growth by intrusion and through flank eruptions, although the exact emplacement mechanisms are still controversially discussed. In particular, it is not yet fully resolved whether cone-sheets propagate as magma-driven, opening-mode fractures or as shear fractures, and to what extent pre-existing host-rock structures and different stress fields influence cone-sheet emplacement. To shed further light on the role of these parameters in cone-sheet emplacement, we use detailed field and remote sensing data of the classic Ardnamurchan cone-sheet swarm in NW-Scotland, and we show that the cone-sheets primarily propagated as opening-mode fractures in the σ1–σ2 plane of the volcanic stress field. In addition, more than one third of the Ardnamurchan cone-sheet segments are parallel to lineaments that form a conjugate set of NNW and WNW striking fractures and probably reflect the regional NW–SE orientation of σ1 during emplacement in the Palaeogene. Cone-sheets exploit these lineaments within the NE and SW sectors of the Ardnamurchan central complex, which indicates that the local volcanic stress field dominated during sheet propagation and only allowed exploitation of host-rock discontinuities that were approximately parallel to the sheet propagation path. In addition, outcrop-scale deflections of cone-sheets into sills and back into cone-sheets (also referred to as “staircase” geometry) are explained by the interaction of stresses at the propagating sheet tip with variations in host-rock strength, as well as the influence of sheet-induced strain. As a consequence, cone-sheets associated with sill-like segments propagate as mixed-mode I/II fractures. Hence, cone-sheet emplacement requires a dynamic model that takes into account stress fields at various scales and the way propagating magma interacts with the host rock and its inherent variations in rock strength.