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191.
本文在考察了节理化岩体的断裂力学特征的基础上,结合现代分形几何原理,建立起追踪裂纹裂分形模型,对不连续岩体的断裂韧性的分形效应进行了深入研究,并通过压剪试验得到难。 相似文献
192.
Strength equilibrium slopes are rock slopes whose gradient θ and rock mass strength (RMS) are in adjustment. The identification of such slopes depends on the accurate specification of the strength equilibrium envelope. Previous attempts to delimit the envelope are reviewed and modifications are proposed that permit its more rigorous statistical definition. Because θ can be measured much more reliably than RMS, the structural relation between these variables is estimated by regressing RMS on θ, and the strength equilibrium envelope is defined by the 95 per cent confidence limits. The analysis is performed on a data set of 268 rock slopes, representing all the data on RMS and θ hitherto employed in published studies of strength equilibrium slopes. 相似文献
193.
Focal mechanisms for 116 acoustic emission events associated with uniaxial cyclic loading of Westerly granite have been investigated using P-wave first-motions. Polarities were observed at eight transducers positioned on the sample to provide good azimuthal coverage. The P-wave radiation patterns can be fit by a quadrupole source but not by a simple pure tensional source. The predominant orientations of the two nodal planes for the quadrupole fit were subparallel to and perpendicular to the 1 direction. Events with close hypocenters, i.e., within a radius of 3 mm, display a remarkable similarity in focal mechanisms irrespective of the cycle or time within a cycle at which they occur. The polarity observations of 48 of 116 acoustic emission events could be fit with the simple quadrupole indicating that the microfracturing processes even in uniaxial compression often simplistically portrayed as propagating axial cracks are indeed quite complex. 相似文献
194.
Centrifuge Modeling of Rock Slopes Susceptible to Block Toppling 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary This paper presents the results of centrifuge tests that were aimed at validating the Goodman-Bray method for rock slope toppling
analysis. The Goodman-Bray method was extended by the authors to accommodate non-persistent basal planes of rock columns.
Two gypsum column models, with and without anchors were used to represent the failure modes. Measured critical centrifuge
accelerations were in agreement with the results obtained from numerical modeling. A background of the toppling slope failures
associated with a large hydropower project in China instigated the need for the centrifuge study. The centrifuge model tests
used an artificial rock. The observed failure mode did not follow a straight failure plane as proposed by Goodman and Bray.
The failures revealed a bi-planar slip surface with a deep-seated portion near the toe of the slope. The outcomes of the centrifuge
tests illustrated the need to search for the critical failure surface when performing a toppling analysis. The search technique
is similar to that usually performed in a conventional sliding analysis. 相似文献
195.
水泄铜钴矿区地质条件较为复杂,控矿因素较多,通过分析认为主要受断层及岩性控制,地层初始富集,构造及区域变质作用提供通道及热源。水的循环、溶解作用形成热卤水成矿。 相似文献
196.
Hanifi Canakci 《Environmental Geology》2007,53(4):915-922
This paper focuses on an investigation of the possible causes for the collapse of limestone caves in Gaziantep, Turkey. The
city contains a lot of man-made caves, at a shallow depth, of various width and length. These caves were mainly excavated
to provide work or storage space. As the city has been growing fast with increased population, many structures were constructed
over these caves. Recently, two caves collapsed and five houses were damaged. These caves are all made of limestone and it
was observed after the collapse that the limestone was saturated with water due to sewer pipe leakage and surface water. Tests
were carried out on the limestone and it was determined that the compressive strength of limestone decreases by about 50%
and the tensile strength decreased by about 80% when saturated with water. It was concluded that the reduced strength of the
limestone combined with additional loads due to the factors mentioned above seem to be the main reason for these collapses. 相似文献
197.
198.
The Palaeogene Faroe Islands Basalt Group (FIBG) comprises three eruptive sequences or formations, all emplaced into a subaerial environment during the development of the extensive continental flood basalt province that stretches from East Greenland through the Faroe Islands and into the Faroe-Shetland Basin. The Beinisvørð Formation, having a tabular-classic facies architecture, is composed of a sequence of simple flows each comprising a single sheet lobe. The Beinisvørð Formation is overlain by the distinctly contrasting Malinstindur Formation that has a compound-braided facies architecture. The Enni Formation occurs at the top of the sequence and consists of a mixture of simple and compound flows with tabular-classic and compound-braided facies architectures, respectively. Surface and internal characteristics of the sheet lobes of the Beinisvørð and Enni formations indicate emplacement through inflation, which is more obvious for the tube-fed compound flows of the Malinstindur and Enni formations. The difference between the simple and compound flow sequences of the FIBG is, most likely, linked to the manner in which the lava was supplied during the eruption and the eruptive style of the volcanic system. The sheet lobes were erupted over laterally extensive areas from fissure systems which had a continuous supply of lava, which contrasts with the tube-fed compound flows which were erupted in a gradual, piecemeal manner from point-sourced, low shield volcanoes with limited areal extents. 相似文献
199.
Abstract The age of the Yokawa Formation of the Cenozoic Kobe Group distributed in Hyogo Prefecture of western Japan based on mammalian fossils is discussed. Two fossil dental specimens of terrestrial mammals discovered from the lowest part of the Yokawa Formation in the Sanda area are described. These two fossils described here are: (i) a right mandibular fragment with p2–m3 of Bothriodon sandaensis sp. nov. (selenodont anthracotheriid artiodactyl), which appears to be the most primitive among the species of the genus; and (ii) right m1–m3 of cf. Hyrachyus sp. (primitive rhinocerotoid perissodactyl). In the lower part of the Yokawa Formation, Zaisanamynodon (amynodontid perissodactyl) was previously reported. The morphology ('evolutionary stage') of B. sandaensis is indicative of the latest Middle to Late Eocene, that of cf. Hyrachyus sp. is indicative of the Early to Middle Eocene, and Zaisanamynodon is indicative of the Late Middle to Late Eocene. Therefore, the fossil mammals of the Yokawa Formation indicate an latest Middle Eocene ( ca . 38 Ma) correlation for the lower part of the formation, as a working hypothesis. Although the resolution of the geological age based on these mammalian fossils is relatively low compared to that based on marine index fossils, this result is concordant with the recent radiometric correlation of the lower part of the Yokawa Formation in the Sanda area. 相似文献
200.