Permeability of Hydraulic Fills and Barricade Bricks

Permeability is one of the most important parameters in the design of hydraulic backfilling of mine stopes. A simple and reproducible method was developed for preparing reconstituted hydraulic fill sample in the laboratory, that is representative of the hydraulic fill in the mine stope, replicating the slurry sedimentation process taking place in the mine. Constant head and falling head permeability tests were carried out on the samples, giving consistent results. A brick permeameter was developed to study the flow characteristics of the porous barricade bricks under one-dimensional flow, simulating the flow conditions in the mine. Three different methods were used to determine the permeability of the brick and the results showed very good agreement. This is the first rational attempt to measure the permeability of the porous barricade bricks that are used to close the horizontal access drives in the mines, thus retaining the hydraulic fill. The measurements show that the permeability of the barricade brick is about two to three orders of magnitude greater than that of the hydraulic fill.     

填土引发的桩基负摩阻力问题及其灌浆处理技术

阐述了填土地基的沉降计算方法，分析了填土引发桩基负摩阻力的机理及危害，探讨了采用压力灌浆技术加固填土地基、消除桩基负摩阻力、控制桩基沉降的加固机理、施工工艺和应用效果。     

巫山县污水处理厂高填方地基湿化变形试验研究

结合巫山县污水处理厂高填方工程，选取压实粘性土样，在室内进行了接近实际应力路径下的“单线法”湿化变形试验，研究了土样在不同的压实度、固结压力和湿化历史下的湿化机理、湿化前后的应力．应变关系及强度变化规律。取得的湿化变形试验成果表明，湿化使土样的变形模量和强度均有所降低；湿化变形不仅包括湿化体应变，而且包括湿化偏应变；随着压实度的增加，湿化变形减小。试验成果为巫山县污水处理厂高填方地基的填筑设计、控制湿化变形的措施和附加压密措施提供了依据。     

A simulation model of morphological,vegetation and sediment changes in ephemeral streams

A model to simulate channel changes in ephemeral river channels and to test the effects of hydrological changes due to climate change and[sol ]or land use change was developed under the auspices of the EU funded MEDALUS programme (Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use). The model, CHANGISM (Channel Change GIS Simulation Model), is designed to simulate the effect of channel flow events and of climate conditions on morphology, sediment and vegetation, through sequences of events and conditions, over periods of up to several decades. The modelling is based on cellular automata but with calculations for water and sediment continuity. Process rules have both deterministic and stochastic elements. An important feature of the model is that it incorporates feedback elements between each event. The main aim of the model is to indicate the likely outcomes of events and combinations of conditions. It is linked to GIS for both input and output. The modelling is based on a channel reach and state is input as GIS layers of morphology (DEM), sediment and vegetation cover and state. Other initial conditions of soil moisture, groundwater level, and overall gradient are input. Parameters for processes are read from tables and can be easily changed for successive runs of the model. The bases for decisions on process specifications are discussed in this paper. Initial tests of the operation and sensitivity of the model were made on idealized reaches. The model was then tested using data from monitored sites in SE Spain. Simulations using clearwater flow worked well but initial simulations using events with sediment loads showed some tendency for excess deposition. Further tests and modifications are taking place. Overall, the model is one of the most sophisticated that simulates the interaction of flows with sediment and vegetation and the outcomes in terms of erosion, deposition, morphology, sediment cover, vegetation cover and plant survival over periods of up to 30 years for the scale of a channel reach. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

真空预压处理高黏粒吹填土的物理化学指标

大连海港常采用高黏粒吹填土作为吹淤造陆工程土料,但高黏粒吹填土的黏粒含量大,真空预压处理地基时竖向排水体四周常常被黏粒淤堵,延误工程进度。为深入研究该类吹填土工程地质特性,基于室内物理模型采用80 kPa真空预压技术处理高黏粒吹填土,针对淤堵难题进行分析。通过测试土体的物理化学参数,建立含水率、易溶盐总量、钠离子含量、酸碱度、阳离子交换量、有机质含量等物理化学指标的特征分布曲线。结果表明：80 kPa真空预压处理的高黏粒吹填土含水率与易溶盐总量、酸碱度等化学指标呈反比;竖向排水体四周吹填土的易溶盐含量较大,有机质含量高;阳离子交换量与酸碱度呈正比。同时物化指标在排水板四周富集的现象反映80 kPa真空预压处理的高黏性吹填土固结状况,同时建议真空预压处理过程中采用分级真空预压方法,改进高黏粒吹填土地基处理,以降低淤堵状况。     

某天然气井场填方滑坡治理过程分析及效果评价

某天然气井场坐落于一填方平台,由于土体填方施工时未达固结,致使该天然气井场3次发生滑坡灾害,并3次进行治理。采用的治理方案依次为地面排水 注浆加固 抗滑桩、抗滑桩 挡土墙加固、微型组合抗滑桩。在阐述该天然气井场填方滑坡特点的基础上,对治理工程及其效果进行了分析。     

祁连山南部地区三叠纪弧后前陆盆地——基于沉积填充与大地构造的证据

本文通过对祁连山南部地区三叠纪沉积充填特征的研究,建立了盆地形成过程中沉积充填与区域构造演化的关联。依据沉积充填特征、构造接触关系及区域地质背景,认为祁连山南部地区三叠纪盆地具有弧后前陆盆地的构造属性;综合分析年代学、沉积物性和盆地内部填充单元的差异划分出与柴达木岛弧带和祁连山南部弧后前陆盆地相关的区域大地构造单元。认为早三叠世-中三叠世中期,南部遭受俯冲作用持续向北挤压推覆导致盆地挠曲沉降;中三叠世中期-晚三叠世中期发生弧(东昆仑-柴北缘)-陆(巴颜喀拉地块)碰撞,祁连山南部盆地挠曲沉降增大,其间形成区域性断裂和不整合等盆地记录的地质事件;晚三叠世晚期祁连山南部盆地发生过补偿陆相填充,弧后前陆盆地消亡。

     

陕北神木地区早、中侏罗世含煤岩系层序地层特征

以陕北神木地区1:5万区域地质调查成果资料为基础,运用层序地层学的理论和方法,系统分析与研究了该区中生代含煤岩系的层序地层特征、盆地充填样式,初步建立了该地区区域岩石地层模型。本文反映了该区层序地层学研究的新进展,对应用层序地层学理论进行成煤规律分析及成矿预测进行了有益的探索。     

Surface Geophysical Methods used to Verify the Karst Geological Structure in the Built-up Area: A Case Study of Specific Engineering-Geological Conditions

This article presents a research study of complex limestone karst engineering-geological conditions in the municipality Valaská near Banská Bystrica in Slovakia. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the impossibility of spatial identification of cave spaces using surface geophysical methods due to the specific engineering-geological conditions of a thick surface layer of anthropogenic fill containing highly heterogeneous anthropogenic material. Its maximum thickness is 3 m. Another specificific condition of the study area is its location in the built-up area, due to which the applicability of geophysical methods was limited. The article contains methodological recommendations to be used in analogous geological conditions with karst structures topped with anthropogenic fill, which complicates the identification of cave spaces. The recommended solution herein is the identification of the cave system using underground mapping of the karst and its projection onto the surface for which surface geophysical methods have been combined.     

高压喷射注浆在上海鱼品厂污水处理工程中的应用

上海鱼品厂污水处理工程地基采用高压喷射注浆法加固,並作为深基坑的围护结构,用于大面积建筑工程和水工构筑物的尚不多见。经过高压旋喷工艺施工和充水予压试验以及运行的实践,业已证明应用新崛起的高压旋喷工艺成桩技术具有良好的技术效果和经济效益,加固软基和围护的综合功能是成功的。