Isothermal compression of an eclogite from the Western Gneiss Region (Norway)

In the Western Gneiss Region in Norway, mafic eclogites form lenses within granitoid orthogneiss and contain the best record of the pressure and temperature evolution of this ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane. Their exhumation from the UHP conditions has been extensively studied, but their prograde evolution has been rarely quantified although it represents a key constraint for the tectonic history of this area. This study focused on a well-preserved phengite-bearing eclogite sample from the Nordfjord region. The sample was investigated using phase-equilibrium modelling, trace-element analyses of garnet, trace- and major-element thermobarometry and quartz-in-garnet barometry by Raman spectroscopy. Inclusions in garnet core point to crystallization conditions in the amphibolite facies at 510–600°C and 11–16 kbar, whereas chemical zoning in garnet suggests growth during isothermal compression up to the peak pressure of 28 kbar at 600°C, followed by near-isobaric heating to 660–680°C. Near-isothermal decompression to 10–14 kbar is recorded in fine-grained clinopyroxene–amphibole–plagioclase symplectites. The absence of a temperature increase during compression seems incompatible with the classic view of crystallization along a geothermal gradient in a subduction zone and may question the tectonic significance of eclogite facies metamorphism. Two end-member tectonic scenarios are proposed to explain such an isothermal compression: Either (1) the mafic rocks were originally at depth within the lower crust and were consecutively buried along the isothermal portion of the subducting slab or (2) the mafic rocks recorded up to 14 kbar of tectonic overpressure at constant depth and temperature during the collisional stage of the orogeny.     

苏北东海水晶矿床的形成机理初探

通过对硅的迁移形式和条件、苏北东海水晶矿床中石英流体包裹体的化学成分、部分飘动气体自然、晶洞与水晶的密切相关性以及水晶的共生伴生矿物等的研究,提出该矿床的形成机制为：在地球深部高温高压强还原富氢环境下,硅呈气态硅氢络合物活化并纯化、迁移至地壳浅部低温低压氧化环境,硅氢化物较快氧化形成石英脉,并在有利部位形成石英外壳（晶洞壳）,晶洞内的硅氢化物在温和稳定环境中缓慢氧化,并自由结晶分异纯化形成水晶矿床。     

Low temperature eclogite facies rocks discovered in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis: Poly-cyclic metamorphic evolution and implications

We report the first occurrence of poly-cyclic high-pressure low-temperature (HP-LT) rocks from the easternmost Indus-Yarlung suture zone, formed during subduction of Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. Petrology, mineral composition and P–T pseudosection modelling reveal two low-temperature eclogite facies metamorphic events with an initial high-pressure P–T condition of 16.4–18.7 kbar and 510–520°C, exhumation to 10.5–12.0 kbar and 580–590°C and a subsequent second high-pressure P–T condition of ~16 kbar and ~560°C and exhumation to ≤9 kbar and ≤600°C. This history implies a complex ‘yo-yo type’ P–T path. In situ monazite dating and textural relationships show that late-stage exhumation, cooling and garnet breakdown occurred at c. ~25–22 Ma. We interpret the first burial event to represent subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean at the eastern Indus-Yarlung suture zone. Initial exhumation, reburial and final exhumation represent material transport in a large-scale convective circulation system in the subduction channel. Convective overturn in the subduction channel evidently serves both as a mechanism to produce poly-cyclic metamorphism and to exhume LT eclogite facies rocks.     

大别山菖蒲—碧溪岭地区高压—超高压榴辉岩相变质岩和有关岩石的岩石类型及其原岩性质

安徽岳西菖蒲—碧溪岭地区出露两条北北西向的高压—超高压变质岩带:西带由土桥冲至菖蒲水电站,该带由层状硬玉石英岩类、大理岩及少量的石英深色榴辉岩以及浅色榴辉岩等组成;东带由小南山岭至碧溪岭,主要由层状的浅色榴辉岩系列和层状深色榴辉岩系列岩石组成。该区发育的层状浅色榴辉岩和层状的深色榴辉岩两种榴辉岩在岩石组合、矿物组合、矿物成分等方面有明显差别。浅色榴辉岩一般由硬玉质绿辉石(Jd 65～45)、+镁铝以及钙铝端元成分(Pyr+Gro,60±)的石榴子石+蓝晶石±多硅白云母±石英及次生的角闪石、绿帘石组成。其中夹有硬玉质绿辉石石英岩、富蓝晶石岩石、石榴子石岩和硬玉石榴白云片岩等岩石薄层。深色榴辉岩由绿辉石(Jd20～50)±富铁铝端元的石榴子石(Alm 50～60)+金红石±石英及次生的角闪石等组成。石英深色榴辉岩由绿辉石(Jd 40～45)+镁铝端元的石榴子石(Pyr 10～30)+石英+金红石及次生的角闪石、长石组成。深色榴辉岩与石榴橄榄岩分布上紧密相随。浅色榴辉岩的原岩为基性凝灰质沉积岩,相伴随的硬玉石英岩、硬玉岩、白云片岩的原岩大致分别为粉砂岩、长石砂岩、泥质粉砂岩;深色榴辉岩为基性凝灰质熔岩。大理岩的原岩为灰岩。同时,本文的研究表明,在相同的变质作用条件下,榴辉岩相岩石中石榴     

中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔榴辉岩原岩研究及其成因指示

榴辉岩是造山带中最为常见的高级变质岩石,无论是自身还是其原岩均蕴含着丰富的地球动力学信息。以中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔0～2000m范围内揭露的榴辉岩为对象,按其与围岩接触关系,划分为与片麻岩类共生的榴辉岩、与超基性岩毗邻的榴辉岩以及与超基性岩共生的榴辉岩3种类型。据此对比分析了此3类榴辉岩的地球化学组成的差异,提出了这些岩石的原岩可能是由单一岩浆房岩浆经堆晶及分离结晶作用演化而来的基性—超基性杂岩体,物质来源主要为富集地幔物质的部分熔融,其构造环境应位于洋壳对大陆俯冲的消减带,但并非岛弧环境,应是弧后拉张岩浆作用的产物。