曹妃甸深水港址开发研究

论述曹妃甸港址开发的比较优势和建设前景,分析该港址具有天然的深水优势和突出的地理区位优势,蕴育着巨大的开发潜力。港口建设和临港产业带开发,将对环渤海以及北方地区经济发展产生极大的带动作用。     

我国高放废物深地质处置战略规划探讨

本文探讨我国高放废物地质处置的战略规划，提出我国高放废物处置库的开发可参考采用“三步曲”式的技术路线，即处置库选址和场址评价一特定场址地下实验室研究一处置库建设。处置库的选址和场址评价工作可与地下实验室研究的相关工作结合。以2040年前后建成处置库为目标，把工作划分为4个阶段，即选址和场址评价阶段、场址确认和地下实验室建设阶段、现场实验和示范处置阶段及处置库建设阶段，规划出各阶段的工作目标和工作内容。论证各项工作内容之间的逻辑关系，指出选址和场址评价是基础、基础研究和地下实验室研究是支撑、性能评价是“指挥棒”、设计并建造出符合标准的处置库是目标。将选址工作划分为预选地段对比、预选场址对比和场址确认3个阶段。按此规划设想，我国将在2015年以前确定处置库和地下实验室的场址，并开始建造地下实验室。2025年左右建成地下实验室，2040年建成处置库。     

中国二氧化碳地质储存目标靶区筛选技术方法

在沉积盆地三级构造单元CO₂地质储存潜力与适宜性评价得出的“适宜CO₂地质储存”区域的基础上,借鉴国外已有的选址流程和方法,结合我国的地质条件和技术方法水平,提出了深部咸水层CO₂地质储存目标靶区筛选评价指标体系,包括安全性、储存规模、场地地面环境条件和经济适宜性四大评价指标层以及44个具体评价指标,并将层次分析法和多因子逐层叠加法等评价方法应用于目标靶区筛选。通过鄂尔多斯盆地和河套盆地3处典型目标靶区适宜性评价的实例,证明了该评价指标体系在目标靶区筛选过程中具有较好的可操作性和推广应用价值。     

HORIZONTAL-TO-VERTICAL SPECTRUM RATIO OF EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTION FOR SITE CHARACTERIZATION

Nakamura's method, which uses a horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectrum ratio of microtremor, has become popular to determine the predominant period and amplification of a site. In this study, this method is extended for earthquake ground motion recordings using new strong motion data recorded by JMA-87-type accelerometers. From the analysis of these accelerograms, horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectrum ratios of a site for different earthquakes are also found to be stable irrespective of magnitude, distance and depth. To establish this fact, attenuation relations of velocity response spectra for horizontal and vertical components are derived for three damping ratios (0, 2 and 5 per cent) using the JMA data. Then the horizontal-to-vertical ratios of the velocity response spectra are obtained. The results show that the horizontal and vertical velocity response spectra are dependent on magnitude, distance and depth, but that their ratios are almost independent of magnitude, distance and depth. However, since the current data set consists of mostly intermediate to far field data, this observation should be limited to records of these distance ranges. Introducing station coefficients, representing site amplification, to this relation yields the value comparable to the horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectrum ratio at a specific site. The stability of the spectrum ratio is explained by the transfer function between the ground surface and stiff-soil outcrop due to S-wave propagation. These results suggest that site amplification characteristics can be evaluated by one-point two-component surface recordings of earthquake ground motion, in a similar manner as proposed by Nakamura for microtremor. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

二龙山水库水环境保护研究

文章在对二龙山水库水源地环境现状进行系统分析的基础上,划分水源地保护区,确定水质保护目标;并以此为依据,对水源地的水环境容量及主要污染物削减量进行了分析和研究,提出了二龙山水库水源地主要污染物总量控制目标及保护对策。     

中国东北地区及邻区土层场地地震动强度包络函数参数衰减关系研究

利用土层场地数字化强震动记录,研究适用于东北地区及邻区的强震动包络函数参数衰减关系.数据集由2008年后研究区内发生的29次地震事件的水平向和垂直向强震动记录构成.经过基线校正和滤波处理后,结合三段式包络函数模型,应用能量持时计算t1和t2,通过最小二乘法统计回归确定c值,得到了强震动包络函数参数的衰减关系公式.比较水...     

浙江田螺山遗址古盐度及其环境背景同河姆渡文化演化的关系

Paleosalinity records of the Tianluoshan site are derived from measurations data of clay mineral,boron,strontium,barium,after field sampling in three profiles of the Tianluoshan site.The relative sea level changes are discussed according to the lab results.The record indicates that the region where the Tianluoshan site located has witnessed at least three times of relative sea level high-stand before,during and after the Hemudu period.Based on previous researches,this paper also focuses on discussing severa...     

RECREATION ECOLOGY: WHAT WE KNOW,WHAT GEOGRAPHERS CAN CONTRIBUTE*

Geographers have made substantial contributions to the field of recreation ecology, the study of recreational impacts on the environment, despite the absence of a uniquely geographic perspective. Knowledge about recreation impact is still rudimentary and open to further contributions by geographers. Three areas where geographic methods seem particularly useful are (1) understanding the spatial variability of site susceptibility, (2) analyzing spatial distributions of impact, and (3) integrating social and ecological concerns in the development of management programs.     

重庆中坝遗址地层Na-Ca元素含量揭示的制盐业兴衰史

在对中坝和玉溪遗址考古断代和AMS14C 测年基础上, 根据对中坝遗址201 个地层样品ICP 等离子发射光谱的Na、Ca、Mg 元素测定及玉溪遗址47 个地层样品的Na、Ca 元素测 定, 发现中坝制盐遗址地层中存在明显的Na、Ca 元素含量反向相关期有35 处之多, 即: 当Ca 元素为峰值时, Na 元素为谷值, 反之亦然。其中, Ca 元素为峰值、Na 元素为谷值的反向相关期有21 次, 揭示出中坝遗址近5 ka 来制盐业有过近21 个兴盛期。另有14 个Na 元素为 峰值、Ca 元素为谷值的反向相关期, 揭示中坝遗址近5 ka 来制盐业也有过近14 个衰落期。考古发掘得出的“中坝制盐业萌发于新石器时代、夏商发展、西周至汉代为鼎盛期、唐宋时代维持稳定发展、宋以后由于海盐进入川江地区导致中坝制盐业逐渐衰落、但20 世纪70-80 年代仍有生产”的结论证明本文Na、Ca 元素含量反向相关性得出的研究结果是正确的。以上研究结果表明, 中坝制盐遗址中Na、Ca 元素含量有明显的反向相关规律, 这一规律可以用于揭示盐业遗址的制盐业兴衰过程历史。     

某石油化工场地土层挥发性有机物的污染特征

在调查华北平原一个污染年限超过35年的石油化工场地时,采用便携式仪器土层测气方法,快速、准确地测定了场地内40多个钻孔不同深度土层中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的浓度。基于对场地地质水文地质条件的认识,以及通过对大量数据的分析对比和应用空间变异分析方法,得出了对场地土层介质中VOCs污染特征的如下认识:(1)土层VOCs浓度的垂向变化可概括为污染源淋滤型、包气带扩散污染型、地下水波动带污染型和混合污染型四种污染类型;(2)在包气带砂土层和粉土层中,VOCs的扩散规律可近似用指数模型描述;(3)包气带土层中VOCs优先积聚在渗透性强的砂性土层中,砂土层中VOCs浓度是粉土层中VOCs浓度的1.5～12倍,平均3.76倍;(4)土层VOCs浓度的水平变异性表现为包气带土层的变异性要比地下水波动带土层大,且水平变异性能在25m尺度内得到充分显示;而土层VOCs浓度的垂向变异性随地而异,变化复杂,很难用统一的一个量化尺度来表征。本文对这一典型污染场地的剖析,有助于从事污染场地调查人员认识我国华北平原石油化工类场地的污染特征,并为调查与治理类似污染场地提供技术依据。