A GIS-based method for flooded area calculation and damage evaluation

Using geographic information system to study flooded area and damage evaluation has been a hotspot in environmental disaster research for years. In this paper, a model for flooded area calculation and damage evaluation is presented. Flooding is divided into two types: ‘source flood’ and ‘non-source flood’. The source-flood area calculation is based on seed spread algorithm. The flood damage evaluation is calculated by overlaying the flooded area range with thematic maps and relating the result to other social and economic data. To raise the operational efficiency of the model, a skipping approach is used to speed seed spread algorithm and all thematic maps are converted to raster format before overlay analysis. The accuracy of flooded area calculation and damage evaluation is mainly dependent upon the resolution and precision of the digital elevation model (DEM) data, upon the accuracy of registering all raster layers, and upon the quality of economic information. This model has been successfully used in the Zhejiang Province Comprehensive Water Management Information System developed by the authors. The applications show that this model is especially useful for most counties of China and other developing countries.     

云南元江金矿矿床模型及矿产经济

随着湿法冶金技术的发展，过去圈定氧化矿的工业指标在当前技术经济 条件下过高，已将大量矿石划为废石，既浪费了资源,又污染了环境。通过建立矿床模型，优化工业指标，重新圈定矿体和计算储量，增加金储量10t，为提高矿山生产的经济效益，充分合理利用矿产资源提供了科学依据。     

成都地图

本文通过历史考证，说明成都地图的发展与各时期的作用，图中成都古城资料，证明成都城址无变迁，是地图的历史功绩。     

SHORT COMMUNICATION CLASSIFICATION METHODS FOR MULTIVARIATE QUALITY PARAMETERS

There are many chemical products where product conformity is decided upon by qualitative humanjudgements of overall product quality.Nowadays,quantitative instrumentally determined qualityparameters become available which are intended to replace such qualitative judgements by means ofautomatic decision rules using multivariate specification limits.Six classification methods to derive suchlimits are compared in terms of their power to predict corresponding human judgements on overall colorconformity of 17 dyestuffs based on historical quality data.Standard statistical classification methodsturned out to be unacceptable for the routine generation of decision rules because of the frequent distinctsuboptimality of their predictive power.Instead,a simple non-statistical classification method utilizinga priori knowledge about the underlying data structure yielded uniformly satisfactory decision rules.     

地质管材抗外挤问题的探讨

系统地探讨了地质管材的抗外挤问题及抗挤强度的计算，并列出了一系列计算表格，供野外队参考使用。     

中国土壤热通量的气候计算及其分布特征

根据北京等6个热平衡站的资料，通过5种方案计算比较得出土壤热通量Qs动的气候计算方法Qs＝2．826·△θs-20＋0．486·△T－0．777这里△θs-20、△T分别为土中5与20厘米温差和地一气温差．该式相关比为0．897，平均拟合误差1．4wm-2。据此计算全国215站的土中热交换量，并分析其时空变化，得出一些有意义的结果。     

Discriminant analysis as a possible tool in landslide investigations

As part of an investigation of mass movement on outslopes of contour surface-mines in West Virginia, discriminant analysis was used to determine whether selected spoil properties could statistically distinguish failed and unfailed embankments. The analysis utilized the variables degree of saturation, liquid limit, and shrinkage limit, and the a priori assignment of samples into either actively failing, unfailed, or regraded categories. Results were encouraging, with seventy-four percent of the samples being correctly classified. All misclassifications involved samples from active or regraded landslides, suggesting the method was conservative. Performance of discriminant analysis could probably be improved by modifying the sampling plan.     

内燃机性能指标的简化计算

循环热效率和指示热效率是两个不同的热效率概念 ,本文推导出了两种热效率之间相互换算的因子———“热效率修正因子”的计算式 ,应用该因子可以计算或预测内燃机实际循环的性能指标 ,计算结果与热计算结果吻合 ,该方法比热计算简单 ,适用于所有四冲程内燃机。     

区域综合蒸散发量计算方法研究

在充分消化吸收前人成果的基础上,通过对研究区不同下垫面条件、作物种植情况及供水条件进行全面调查,将研究区划分为城区、山区、平原区3种类型区,并对每种类型区分别按水体、透水区、不透水区计算其蒸散发量,然后合并求得各类型区总蒸散发量,建立了以城区、山区、平原区蒸散发量计算为子模型的区域综合蒸散发量计算模型。     

微灌精确控制模式研究

对土壤湿度监测法和计算法在微灌控制中的应用进行了分析,提出一种综合上述2种方法、具有一定自学习功能的全新微灌控制模式。该模式提高了计算精度,解决了计算法的开环误差问题,排除了降雨和计划湿润层水分流失带来的计算困难,保证了作物系数的可求性,对于温室灌溉量计算还引入了温室状态系数的概念;尽管采用了土壤湿度传感器,但其分布密度可以很低,并防止了测量滞后性带来控制失败问题的出现。该模式具有大规模推广应用前景。