四川名山建山大邑砾岩沉积特征及地层时代

详细描述了四川名山建山大邑砾岩实测剖面,讨论了大邑砾岩的岩性组合特征及沉积环境。认为大邑砾岩主要为一套位于风化壳之上的河流-冲积扇沉积,自下而上由细变粗,属于物源区总体不断上升过程中的近源沉积。通过大邑砾岩中的孢粉组合,讨论了其地质时代。该剖面孢粉组合以水龙骨科孢子为主,年代地层归属于新近系上新统。     

关联分析方法在哈南地区砾岩储层油气评价的应用

本文在关联度定义的基础上,利用测井资料,依据测井地质评价方法和准则,提出了关联分析评价砾岩储层的方法、技术和软件。通过二连哈南油田夫特构造上10多口井的评价处理,论述了这一分析技术在砾岩储层上的评价方法、处理实例及应用效果。     

庐山运动

本文简述了庐山隆-滑构造的基本特征。在中元古代双桥山群底部的顺层韧变带中，把前人的断层构造砾或沉积成因的巨厚层状变质复成分砾岩，自上而下分离出三层砾：上部砾、中部砾、下部砾。其中上部砾为断层构造砾；中部砾不是砾，而是构造分泌物；下部砾为沉积底砾。在此基础上，同时参考研究区早元古代星子群与中元古代双桥山群构造、岩浆活动、变质作用等方面的差异，建立了“庐山运动”，其活动时间为2200～1800Ma，这可以与华北及华南其它地区同时期的构造运动相对比，但庐山运动的强度相对较弱，表现为以垂直隆升为特色的造陆运动，它曾使研究区早元古代晚期至少遭受过长达200Ma（1800～1600Ma）的风化、剥蚀作用。     

五台山区甘泉一带变质砾岩特征及地质意义

山西五台山区甘泉一带呈层状夹于五台岩群中的变质砾岩，曾作为五台岩群划分为中、下亚群的重要标志。该变质砾岩层布丁状，沿着五台岩群大型复式向斜核部呈“之”字形断续出露，区域上呈一强变形带。砾岩胶结物为强烈糜棱岩化、构造片岩化的中基性火山熔岩。砾石成分为强烈塑性变形的五台岩群不同层位的滚圆度好、分选性差的复杂成分陆源物及构造、热液成因的假砾石。研究确认，在这套变质砾岩层的两侧分别存在以五台岩群不同层位为底界、以该砾岩为底砾岩的甘泉不整合和宽滩不整合，变质砾岩层分别切割所谓五台岩群下亚群和中亚群的地层。因此，甘泉变质砾岩为叠置于五台岩群之上的地层单元，不能作为五台岩群中、下亚群的界限标志，甘泉变质砾岩应从五台岩群剔除，归属于滹沱群四集庄组。     

闽西南“丁屋岭砾岩”孢子的发现

闽西南丁屋岭一带浅变质岩系中夹持着一套紫红色粗碎屑岩系 ,1970年《长汀幅》区域地质调查时将其划为震旦系南沱组下段 ,之后改称丁屋岭组下段 (习称“丁屋岭砾岩”) ,认为是澄江运动或晋宁运动的产物。长期以来因缺少化石 ,对其地层划分和时代归属一直存在争议。本次《瑞金市幅》区调工作首次在“丁屋岭砾岩”中获得孢子 ,为将“丁屋岭砾岩”置于上泥盆统提供了有力证据     

Coastal conglomerates around the Hadjer el Khamis inselbergs (western Chad,central Africa): new evidence for Lake Mega‐Chad episodes

This paper reports on a study dealing with the rhyolitic inselbergs of Hadjer el Khamis that formed palaeoislands during Lake Mega‐Chad events. Field observations have shown that: (1) conglomeratic patches of immature to mature clasts are preserved at the feet of the Hadjer el Khamis inselbergs; (2) in cross‐section, their pro?le reveals a well de?ned cliff–platform junction at a constant elevation (325 m). The monolithological clasts show all degrees of roundness, from angular cobbles to well rounded pebbles. This wide range of maturity suggests a coastal origin for these cobbles. The system was permanently fed with angular clasts, which were progressively worn by waves. Cobbles that were wave‐worked for the longest time are the best rounded. The cliff–platform junction is the result of erosion by waves, which attacked and undercut the inselberg cliffs during Lake Mega‐Chad events. Asymmetrical erosion pro?les moreover suggest a wind regime dominated by SW to NE oriented winds. These interpretations have two implications. The elevation of the cliff–platform junction is an indication of the highest water level of Lake Mega‐Chad at 320–325 m, which is in agreement with other observations elsewhere in the basin. The SW to NE oriented winds show that monsoon‐related winds were prevalent during Lake Mega‐Chad events, suggesting the Inter‐Tropical Convergence Zone was located higher in latitude than today. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

克拉玛依砾岩油藏基本特征及开发效益水平评估

由于储集层岩石结构和孔隙结构的特殊性，使得其在开发上不同于一般碎屑岩油藏，特别是砾岩储集层的普遍严重非均质性，给油田(藏)开发带来极大的难度．在系统总结国内外主要砾岩油藏基本特征和开发历程的基础上，对克拉玛依砾岩油藏开发效益进行了评估．指出克拉玛依砾岩油藏在开发中所应用的技术并不比国外差，但经济效益与国外同类油藏相比明显偏低，这主要与克拉玛依砾岩油藏的油层厚度小、储量少、原油粘度高、天然驱动能量低和由其决定的单井产量低等因素造成．     

闽西南"丁屋岭砾岩"地质特征及时代探讨

福建长汀蔡坑地区原划震旦纪丁屋岭组下段的“丁屋岭砾岩”以复成分砾岩、岩屑石英砂岩为主要岩性的、形成于山间盆地的红色杂陆屑建造为加里东期的磨拉石建造，岩性组合、岩相、变质程度及其形成的地质背景都比较特殊。对它的详细研究对福建省乃至华南地区的基础地质研究具有重要意义。     

A Study on Identification of Conglomerate Reservoir Parameters and Oil/Water Beds in Ke82 Well Areas of Junggar Basin

This paper is mainly about the calculation of reservoir parameters and the interpretation method for identifying oil/water beds in Ke82 well areas of Junggar basin. It is difficult to determine the reservoir parameters with common logging methods such as core calibration log because of the diversity of minerals and rocks and the complexity of pore structures in the conglomerate reservoir of Junggar basin. Optimization logging exploration is a good method to determine the porosity by establishing the multi-mineral model with logging curves based on the integration of geological, core and well testing data. Permeability is identified by BP algorithm of neural network. Hydrocarbon saturation is determined by correlating Archie‘s and Simandoux formulas. Comparing the exploratory result and core data, we can see that these methods are effective for conglomerate logging exploration. We processed and explained six wells in the Ke82 well areas. And actual interpretation has had very good results, 85 % of which conform to well testing data. Therefore, this technique will be effective for identifying conglomerate parameters.     

构造地貌－认识高原历史的钥匙

简要评述了构造地貌的研究,并以青藏高原西北缘克里雅河流域地貌演化说明了构造变形与青藏高原的形成历史。以西域砾岩顶部的玄武岩作为区域构造地貌的标志,获得的高质量Ar-Ar年龄的加权平均值为1.09 Ma ±0.13Ma。该年龄不仅代表了西域砾岩沉积结束的时间,并制约了区域风沙堆积时代的下限,是一个重要的气候环境变化的转折点。更重要的是,该年龄标志了克里雅河演化的开始,即目前可观察的克里雅河的历史不过1.1Ma。另外获得的系统、丰富、翔实的沉积学、构造地质学、低温热年代数据和克里雅河流域地貌的测量结果还揭示了上新世晚期以来区域强烈的变形与构造地貌的演化。获得的重要结论还包括：能够分析恢复的前克里雅河的历史不超过西域砾岩沉积期,能够推测的青藏高原西北缘河流体系演化的最老历史不超过上新世阿图什组沉积期。在中新世乌恰组沉积时,基本观察不到青藏高原现今地貌体系产生的沉积作用的记录,而是更老的前青藏高原构造地貌格架对沉积体系产生的影响。青藏高原的主体可能在中更新世早期前后才抬升进入冰冻圈。现今的克里雅河地貌主要是在区域构造抬升中由冰川融水侵蚀形成的。克里雅河源头可能残留了青藏高原演化的关键记录。