黄、渤海沿岸海冰测点代表性浅析

通过分析１９８０年以后的海冰资料和卫星云图照片，对黄、渤海沿岸１１个海冰测点的历史变迁进行了评述，浅析了测点的优劣及使用资料时应注意的事项。     

Shear Failure of a Clamped Dented Tubular Beam Under Lateral Impact

- The shear failure of a rigid-plastic dented clamped tubular beam under the lateral impact of a mass is investigated. Both the denting and the impact point are in the middle span of the beam. It is assumed that denting does not spread during the shear sliding. Numerical results show that the axial force and lateral deflection of the beam are very small at the moment of the occurence of shear failure, which means that the finite deformation effect can be neglected in the shear failure analysis. Also, some aspects of the initial impact energy are investigated.     

南海罗斯贝变形半径的地理及季节变化

根据南海 1°× 1°网格的标准层季节平均温、盐度资料 ,在未引入Boussinesq近似条件下 ,采用改进的Thompson Haskell算法求解线性化斜压海洋水平大尺度波的垂直结构方程 (重力内波方程 ) ,从而得到了南海各网格点的第一斜压重力波相速度和相应的罗斯贝变形半径 ,并探讨其地理分布和季节变化特征 ,以期有助于南海环流和中尺度涡旋以及有关海洋侧边界效应的研究。     

区域海洋地质数据库建设纲要

区域海洋地质数据库是中国地质调查局基础数据库的一个重要组成部分，是实现地质调查基础性与公益性战略部署的依托。根据区域海洋地质数据库建设的目标与任务，在数据结构和实施步骤等方面进行了初步研究。区域海洋地质数据库及其管理信息系统适合采取基于Web系统的三层体系结构，在数据构成上亦分为区域海洋地质调查原始资料与成果资料，其中元数据库的建设对数据库的应用非常重要，用户可以通过元数据了解数据的存在性、适宜性、有效性等，确定数据的使用方法，因此，元数据库的建设应采用国际已经普遍认可的ISO/TC211发布的ISO19115空间元数据标准。     

Wind-driven interannual variability over the northeast Pacific Ocean

Interannual variability of the sea surface height (SSH) over the northeast Pacific Ocean is hindcast with a reduced-gravity, quasi-geostrophic model that includes linear damping. The model is forced with monthly Ekman pumping fields derived from the NCEP reanalysis wind stresses. The numerical solution is compared with SSH observations derived from satellite altimeter data and gridded at a lateral resolution of 1 degree. Provided that the reduced gravity parameter is chosen appropriately, the results demonstrate that the model has significant hindcast skill over interior regions of the basin, away from continental boundaries. A damping time scale of 2 to 3 years is close to optimal, although the hindcast skill is not strongly dependent on this parameter.A simplification of the quasi-geostrophic model is considered in which Rossby waves are eliminated, yielding a Markov model driven by local Ekman pumping. The results approximately reproduce the hindcast skill of the more complete quasi-geostrophic model and indicate that the interannual SSH variability is dominated by the local response to wind forcing. There is a close correspondence the two leading empirical orthogonal modes of the local model and those of the observed SSH anomalies. The latter account for over half of the variance of the interannual signal over the region.     

基于荧光原理的叶绿素a传感器校准方法研究

利用传感器对水体叶绿素a 浓度进行原位测量是获取实时、连续、长时间序列数据的重要手段。本文在对RBR 传感器和ECO（Environmental Characterization Optics）传感器进行原理分析和线性度、稳定性、重复性等基本性能测试的基础上，利用单一藻种培养液和2020年南海北部海域现场数据校准传感器，并对新的传感器校准系数进行验证。结果表明：两台传感器使用新系数比原出厂系数的叶绿素a 浓度测量准确度有明显提高。RBR 传感器现场数据校准系数的计算结果与叶绿素a 标准值误差最小，平均绝对误差从1.93 μg/L 减小到0.35 μg/L，平均相对误差从55.1%减小到10.9%；ECO 传感器藻液系数明显优于出厂系数和现场数据校准系数的计算结果，平均绝对误差从1.76 μg/L 减小到0.59 μg/L，平均相对误差从50.3%减小到15.1%。传感器测量准确度的提高，可为海洋环境监测、海洋生态灾害预警等工作获取真实可靠数据提供支撑。     

Monitoring the Kuroshio Extension with Dynamically Constrained Synthesis of the Acoustic Tomography, Satellite Altimeter and in situ Data

A finite-difference quasigeostrophic (QG) model of an open ocean region has been employed to produce a dynamically constrained synthesis of acoustic tomography and satellite altimetry data with in situ observations. The assimilation algorithm is based upon the 4D variational data interpolation scheme controlled by the model's initial and boundary conditions. The data sets analyzed include direct and differential travel times measured at the array of five acoustic transceivers deployed by JAMSTEC in the region of the Kuroshio Extension in 1997, Topex/Poseidon altimetry, CTD soundings, and ADCP velocity profiles. The region monitored is located within the area 27.5°–36.5°N, 143°–155°. The results of assimilation show that mesoscale variability can be effectively reconstructed by five transceivers measuring direct and reciprocal travel times supported by relatively sparse in situ measurements. The misfits between model and data lie within the observational error bars for all the data types used in assimilation. We have compared the results of assimilation with the statistical inversion of travel time data and analyzed energy balances of the optimized model solution. Energy exchange between the depth-averaged and shear components of the observed currents reveals a weak decay of the barotropic mode at the rate of 0.2 ± 0.7⋅10⁻⁵ cm²/s³ due to topographic interaction. Mean currents in the region are unstable with an estimate of the available potential energy flux from the mean current to the eddies of 4.7 ± 2.3⋅10⁻⁵ cm²/s³. Kinetic energy transition has the same sign and is estimated as 2.8 ± 2.5⋅10⁻⁵ cm²/s³. Potential enstrophy is transferred to the mesoscale at a rate of 5.5 ± 2.7⋅10⁻¹⁸ s⁻³. These figures provide observational evidence of the properties of free geostrophic turbulence which were predicted by theory and observed in numerical experiments. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

海洋调查数据的可视化建模及实现方法

科学计算可视化作为新一代的分析工具 ,正在进入物理海洋学领域。文中介绍对海洋调查数据进行可视化的关键问题——数据建模 ,并从分析海洋调查数据的特点出发提出针对海洋研究中可视化建模的原则和有效途径 ,给出相关的实现方法。其中 ,重点讨论局部体样条建模中必须面对的区域分割优化问题 ,引入遗传算法并给出较好的解决方案。