Changes in the internal spatial structure of post-communist Prague*

The article overviews the most important changes in the internal urban structure of Prague since 1989. Post-communist urban development has been influenced by government-directed reforms of political and economic system, internationalisation and globalisation, public policies favouring unregulated market development, economic restructuring in terms of deindustrialisation and growth of producer services, and increasing social differentiation. The three most transparent processes of urban change in Prague have been (1) commercialisation of the historical core; (2) revitalisation of some inner city neighbourhoods; and (3) residential and commercial suburbanisation in the outer city. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

数字地震台操作分析工具一DIMAS软件包简介

ＤＩＭＡＳ（Ｄｉｓｐｌａｙ,　Ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｖｅ　 Ｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ Ｓｅｉｓｍｏｇｒａｍｓ－“地震图 的显示和交互式操作与分析”）软件包是ｉｒｉｓ ＧＳＮ 台站所使用的数字地震分析应用软件． 同时它也适合我国部分数字台站（如ＮＣＤＳＮ）的日常分析工作,如波形放大与缩小、震相 拾取、震级计算、方位角计算、计算震中和震源深度以及发震时刻等;还可以做一些进一 步的分析处理工作,如波谱分析、滤波、分量旋转、质点运动分析以及仿真模拟地震图． 由于它是交互式菜单操作,所以有用户界面良好,易学易用,适合台站操作人员使用的特 点     

城市空气质量数值预报的不确定性与可预报性

主要综述了数据误差、随机误差和模式物理误差所造成的城市空气质量数值预报的不确定性,简要介绍分析预报不确定性的统计方法。并对由内在随机性和外在误差引起的可预报性问题进行了分析讨论     

德州市浅层地温能资源潜力评价

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,对能源的需求大幅增加,供需矛盾越来越突出,煤炭、石油、天然气等常规能源的大量消耗对环境造成的压力也越来越大。浅层地温能是一种可再生的新型环保能源,逐步受到各级政府及社会各界的重视。通过对德州城区浅层地温能赋存条件的分析,利用试验测试数据对浅层地温能热容量进行了计算,并在适宜性分区在基础上,进行了浅层地温能资源潜力评价。结果表明,德州城区120 m深度内浅层地热容量为8.525×10~(13)k J/℃,相当于291万t标准煤。整个德州城区为地下水换热系统不适宜区,而适宜地埋管换热系统。在地埋管换热系统适宜区内,120 m深度范围内考虑土地利用系数,计算得出夏季换热功率为339.18万k W,冬季换热功率为343.22万k W。夏季可制冷面积4.845×10~7m~2,冬季可供暖面积6.240×10~7m~2。     

成灌高铁运行对成都地磁台观测数据干扰测试

成都地磁台距成灌高铁运行线路垂直距离约1.5 km,使用数字化磁通门磁力仪GM4,在轨道沿线不同距离处进行野外测试。测试结果表明,轨道交通的运行对周围地磁观测环境产生干扰,干扰距离约6 km,干扰主要来自轨道泄露电流及输电线路产生的磁场。     

The Co-seismic Response of Underground Fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal MS8.1 Earthquake

In this paper, statistics are taken on the co-seismic response of underground fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal M_S8.1 earthquake, and the co-seismic response characteristics of the water level and water temperature are analyzed and summarized with the digital data. The results show that the Nepal M_S8.1 earthquake had greater impact on the Yunnan region, and the macro and micro dynamics of fluids showed significant co-seismic response. The earthquake recording capacity of water level and temperature measurement is significantly higher than that of water radon and water quality to this large earthquake; the maximum amplitude and duration of co-seismic response of water level and water temperature vary greatly in different wells. The changing forms are dominated by fluctuation and step rise in water level, and a rising or falling restoration in water temperature. From the records of the main shock and the maximum strong aftershock,we can see that the greater magnitude of earthquake, the higher ratio of the occurrence of co-seismic response, and in the same well, the larger the response amplitude, as well as the longer the duration. The amplitude and duration of co-seismic response recorded by different instruments in a same well are different.Water temperature co-seismic response almost occurred in wells with water level response, indicating that the well water level and water temperature are closely related in co-seismic response, and the well water temperature seismic response was caused mainly by well water level seismic response.     

Preliminary Analysis of the Relationship between the Magnitude Deviation of the Station and Site Response in the Fujian Digital Seismic Network

Using the records of 3,069 regional earthquake events from the Fujian Digital Seismic Network from October 2008 to December 2015,in which the magnitude of each of the events was measured by at least six stations,statistics are taken on the deviation between the magnitude of a single station and the average magnitude of the network. It is found that the magnitudes average deviation of each station is-0. 31-0. 68. Statistics are also taken for the period corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the record measured in each station for calculating the magnitude,and the dominant period gained is 0. 06s-0. 38s; site response of each seismic station is inverted using the Moya method,and it is found that the site response of 98 stations is in the bands of 1-20 Hz,suggesting that the site has an amplifying or suppressing effect on the signals in certain frequency bands;Considering the site response corresponding to the inherent 0. 8s period of the WoodAnderson pendulum seismograph,and comparing the magnitude deviation caused by the site response corresponding to the dominant period time of each station with the average magnitude deviation, we obtain that there is a good linear relationship between the magnitude deviation from the dominant period site response and the average deviation of the magnitude of each station,indicating that the magnitude deviation of a single station has a close relationship with the site response of the period corresponding to the maximum amplitude measured for calculating the magnitude.     

基于开源数据和条件生成对抗网络的地形重建方法

如何使用少量的地形特征复原地形地貌一直为地学领域的难题。本文使用开源数据集提取地形特征要素,使用地形特征要素作为约束条件构建了用于生成DEM的条件生成对抗网络(Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks, CGAN),设计了基于开源DEM、开源DEM与遥感影像组合、以及5m高精度DEM提取地形特征要素生成DEM的对比实验,并对结果进行视觉效果、相关性分析以及地形因子的对比与评价。结果表明:(1)在视觉效果上,3种不同方式生成的DEM在视觉效果上均十分逼近原始5 m DEM,都远好于传统插值方法生成DEM,基于开源12.5m DEM提取要素和1m遥感影像的重建效果最接近于原始5 m DEM;(2)在相关性上,三种不同方式生成的DEM与原始5m DEM相关性均能达到0.75以上,组合开源数据提取要素重建DEM与原始5 m DEM相关性可达到0.85以上;(3)在地形因子方面,基于开源12.5 m DEM和1 m遥感影像提取要素重建DEM的坡度和坡向的分布趋势与原始5 m DEM最为一致。本文为高精度DEM建模提供了新的思路,在高精度DEM难以获取...     

山东省菏泽郓城地区地热资源赋存条件评价

山东省菏泽郓城地区地热资源丰富,主要赋存于奥陶系和寒武系灰岩中,为估算评价该区的地热资源,在收集资料、野外勘查的基础上,施工1眼地热井,结合收集该区30余眼地热井资料,基本查清了郓城地区的地热赋存条件,确定奥陶系和寒武系热储为本次研究对象,对郓城地区地热流体质量进行了评价,地热资源量进行了计算。评价结果,为持续做好郓城地区地热资源开发利用工作,带动当地经济发展,构建能源节约型社会提供了数据支持。     

江西地区地方性震级的量规函数与台基校正值研究

本文采用《江西测震台网地震观测报告》,选取2007年10月~2015年12月所记录的499次M_L≥1.5地震事件,对各子台测定震级与台网平均震级偏差进行定量的统计分析,从震级偏差频次分布、量规函数、台基、方位角等方面分析产生震级偏差的原因。在对量规函数和台基进行校正后,震级偏差绝对值在0.2以内的样本数达到了68.6%,并给出了适合江西地区的量规函数和台基校正值。