Topography and morphodynamics in the German Bight using SAR and optical remote sensing data

Morphological changes in coastal areas, especially in river estuaries, are of high interest in many parts of the world. Satellite data from both optical and radar sensors can help to monitor and investigate these changes. Data from both kinds of sensors being available for up to 30 years now, allow examinations over large timescales, while high resolution sensors developed within the last decade allow increased accuracy. So the creation of digital elevation models (DEMs) of, for example, the wadden sea from a series of satellite images is already possible. ENVISAT, successfully launched on March 1, 2002, continues the line of higher resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging sensors with its ASAR instrument and now also allows several polarization modes for better separation of land and water areas. This article gives an overview of sensors and algorithms for waterline determination as well as several applications. Both optical and SAR images are considered. Applications include morphodynamic monitoring studies and DEM generation.

针对MODIS数据的大气水汽含量反演及31和32波段透过率计算

 针对MODIS的波段特征,首先,用近红外波段反演大气水汽含量; 然后,通过LOWTRAN模拟大气水汽含量与MODIS 31和32热红 外波段透过率的统计关系; 最后,计算31和32波段的透过率。该方法克服了以往一景图像只用1个透过率的局限性,使得透过率的求 算精确到每1个像元,同时保证参数获取的实时性。     

利用IKONOS立体像对提取DEM精度的实验

由于IKONOS不提供基于共线模型所需的卫星星历参数,而提供基于有理函数(RPC)的近似模型,因此点位精度和高程精度主要由RPC模型精度来决定。直接使用RPC模型对标准几何校正产品进行DEM提取,这种精度不能满足高精度制图的要求。本文讨论了基于IKONOS立体像对提取翠华山地区的DEM及其精度情况。为提高精度,采用高精度GPS仪(Mobile Mapper CX高程精度达亚米级)野外采集控制点,对RPC模型进行修正。对比分析结果表明DEM精度明显提高,仅需少量的控制点,DEM和正射影像均满足15∶000比例尺地形图和遥感平面制图要求。     

遥感数字图像处理课程教学模式的构建

基于遥感数字图像处理课程的特点和教学目标,本文提出了探索模式、项目模式和近距接触模式3种教学模式。这些教学模式皆注重对科学精神、人文精神、团队意识、创新能力等意识和能力的培养。教学实践表明,这些教学模式可在传授知识和培养技能的同时,有效地提高学生的多种意识和能力。     

DEM制作检查及精度问题的解决方法

介绍了通过数字化仪手扶跟踪及扫描仪半自动采集现有地形图等高线的步骤,再通过内插方法生成DEM,并对如何提高DEM精度提出了解决方案。     

遥感专业《数字图像处理》课程教学探讨

《数字图像处理》是遥感科学与技术专业的一门专业必修课程。根据专业特性、课程体系和课程教学的要求,从课程教材和教学内容、方法和手段、实践教学等方面介绍了在遥感科学与技术专业开设《数字图像处理》课程的教学实践,并指出了进一步加强数字图像处理教学努力的方向。     

“数字城市”地理空间数据基准研究

针对"数字城市"建设中地理空间数据基准存在的问题,提出基于CGCS 2000建立新地理空间数据基准的解决对策,从基准上解决数字城市互通互联问题,使地方与国家基准保持相对统一。探讨大地基准常用建立方法,总结一套适用"数字城市"通用算法,并以某城市数据为例,分析不同算法的差异,得出了新基准有利于减少长度变形影响的结论。     

DEM与地形分析的并行计算

总结了数字高程模型构建、特征提取等并行算法的研究进展,概述了不同并行算法的主要内容;探讨了DTA并行技术在海量地形数据可视化和高性能地学计算的应用,随着DEM的需求日益增大,高精度、高分辨率DEM产品及其附加服务也逐步产品化。最后,通过分析并行计算发展的关键问题,提出DTA并行技术的研究趋势及研究意义,合适的数据划分和结果融合策略、通用并行算法、容错机制和负载均衡策略的设计是今后研究的重要内容,尤其是如何在多种计算模式共同发展的背景下利用并行计算解决地学难题,从而得到更接近现实世界地理环境的模拟,并扩大数字地形分析的应用范围。     

Topodata: Brazilian full coverage refinement of SRTM data

This work presents the selection of a set of geostatistical coefficients suitable for a unified SRTM data refinement from 3″ to 1″ through kriging over the entire Brazilian territory. This selection aimed at data potential for geomorphometric derivations, given by the preservation of detailed geometric characteristics of the resulting digital elevation models (DEM), which are sensitive to refining procedures. The development contained a long-term experimentation stage, when data refinement through kriging was locally developed to support distinct regional projects, followed by a unified selection stage, where the acquired experience was applied to select a single and unified interpolation scheme. In this stage, the selected geostatistical models with promising performances were tested for unified refinement on 40 Brazilian areas with distinct geological settings. Tested areas encompass reliefs varying from mountainous to plain. The effects of data preparation were observed on the perception of patterns (texture and roughness), as well as of singularities (edges, peaks, thalwegs etc.). Results were evaluated mainly through the examination of shaded reliefs, transects and perspectives observed in different scales. Terrains with low slopes and small amplitudes had their DEM promptly affected by the refining methods, as opposed to mountainous terrains. The evaluation, unambiguously confirmed by all consulted interpreters, converged into a refining model with outstanding performance in all tested conditions.     

浅议基于像素工厂的ADS 80影像处理技术

摄影测量进入数字时代以来,ADS80因其独特的优势逐步成为航摄影像获取的主流平台,对ADS80数据后续快速处理也成为目前数据处理软件研究的重点。本文介绍了基于像素工厂系统快速处理ADS80数据的技术流程和数据处理的主要技术环节,总结了像素工厂系统数据处理的优劣势。通过实际项目实践,验证了基于像素工厂系统处理ADS80数据的可靠性与高效性。