建立WebGIS的月球三维可视化关键技术

嫦娥工程获得了大量月球探测数据。针对让公众用户通过网络获取月球信息,更好了解月球知识的需求,地面应用系统提出了建立基于WebGIS的月球三维可视化系统的解决方案。首先介绍了国内外三维月球的发展现状,详细分析了开发WebGIS系统的客户端和服务器端技术,重点阐述了月球空间数据模型和三维场景可视化渲染等三维GIS可视化关键技术,为建立我国的三维月球可视化系统提供了理论支持。     

Influence of the asymmetrical cratering rate on the lunar cratering chronology

The lunar cratering rate studied over the past 1.1 Gyr, which is a foundation of the lunar cratering chronology, is a decreasing function of the angular distance from the apex of the orbital motion due to the synchronous rotation of the Moon. We here evaluate an influence of the asymmetrical rate upon the age determination.     

3. Solar System Formation and Early Evolution: the First 100 Million Years

The solar system, as we know it today, is about 4.5 billion years old. It is widely believed that it was essentially completed 100 million years after the formation of the Sun, which itself took less than 1 million years, although the exact chronology remains highly uncertain. For instance: which, of the giant planets or the terrestrial planets, formed first, and how? How did they acquire their mass? What was the early evolution of the “primitive solar nebula” (solar nebula for short)? What is its relation with the circumstellar disks that are ubiquitous around young low-mass stars today? Is it possible to define a “time zero” (t ₀), the epoch of the formation of the solar system? Is the solar system exceptional or common? This astronomical chapter focuses on the early stages, which determine in large part the subsequent evolution of the proto-solar system. This evolution is logarithmic, being very fast initially, then gradually slowing down. The chapter is thus divided in three parts: (1) The first million years: the stellar era. The dominant phase is the formation of the Sun in a stellar cluster, via accretion of material from a circumstellar disk, itself fed by a progressively vanishing circumstellar envelope. (2) The first 10 million years: the disk era. The dominant phase is the evolution and progressive disappearance of circumstellar disks around evolved young stars; planets will start to form at this stage. Important constraints on the solar nebula and on planet formation are drawn from the most primitive objects in the solar system, i.e., meteorites. (3) The first 100 million years: the “telluric” era. This phase is dominated by terrestrial (rocky) planet formation and differentiation, and the appearance of oceans and atmospheres.     

Comment on the paper “Fast tidal cycling and the origin of life” by Richard Lathe

We show that the fast tidal cycling postulated by Lathe [Lathe, R., 2004. Icarus 168, 18-22] is not a plausible mechanism to explain the origin of life on Earth about 3.9 Ga ago. The value of LOD at this remote epoch was probably comprised between 15 to 17 h, and the Earth-Moon distance was only about 20% smaller than nowadays, implying that the tidal frequencies and amplitudes were not so dramatically different from the present ones as stated in Lathe's paper.     

数字地球与跨学科研究浅析

对数字地球的应用模式、关键技术等方面进行了研究。基于数字地球日益成为信息建设的热点 ,本文讲述了数字地球与跨学科研究的关系 ,分析了数字地球的特征。     

小型氢原子钟监控系统的研制

该文介绍了目前上海天文台正在研制的小型氢原子钟的监控系统。它可监控氢钟的工作情况，实现氢钟的自动启闭、参数自动检测、自动报警，可控制综合器的频率变化、微波腔温度、氢离子流的大小。     

Lunar and terrestrial tidal effects on the Moon's rotational motion

An accurate model of the rotation of the Moon, constructed by numerical integration, has been presented in a previous paper. All direct perturbations capable of producing at least 10^–4 seconds of arc on the Moon's rotational motion have been included, and the physical librations resulting from planetary effects and Earth-Moon figure-figure interactions have been presented. The present study deals with the Moon's physical librations resulting from the non-rigidities of the Moon and the Earth. The effects of the Moon's elasticity and of a lunar phase lag are analyzed. Physical librations due to lunar tides and those due to terrestrial tides are presented and described.     

利用形状匹配技术作数字图象对位

本文提出一种利用区域形状匹配技术来实现数字图象的自动对位的方法。利用对噪声和畸变相对稳定的弦分布形状匹配法,建立由待定位图象中分割出来的区域之间的相似关系。用概率松弛标签算法优化和确认匹配,进而得出对位所需的变换参数。分析和实验均表明:这种方法对有未知比例,位移和旋转变化的图象的对位效果良好。     

713天气雷达数字化系统

本文介绍了用IBM-PC/XT(AT)实现的天气雷达数字化系统的众多功能,分析了系统的工作原理。对于几个关键的技术问题——高速数据录取、软件数字视频积分、地物杂波抑制、座标变换及图象传输,分别给出了解决的方法和详尽的程序方框图。     

Shock metamorphism on the moon

Shock metamorphism of the lunar samples is discussed. All types of lunar glasses formed by various-size collision-type impact are found as impact glass, ropy glass and agglutinates. The agglutinates bonded by crystal and glassy materials contain hydrogen and helium from the solar wind components. Lunar shocked minerals of plagioclase and silica show anomalous compositions and densities. There are typical two formation processes on planetary materials formed by shock events; that is (1) shocked quartz formed by silica-rich target rocks (esp. on evolved planets of the Earth and Mars), and (2) shocked silica with minor Al contents formed from plagioclase-rich primordial crusts of the Moon. The both shocked silica grows to coarse-grain normal crystals after high-temperature metamorphism which cannot distinguish the original main formation event of impact process.